An analysis of samples collected in 1976 from 2 sites in mature open spruce/lichen woodland in Quebec, unburned for 105 and 138 yr, and dominated by Picea glauca, P. mariana, Ledum groenlandicum and Betula glandulosa; and from 3 regenerating sites, burned 1, 5 and 45 yr previously. Soils were acid with low available Ca, Mg, K, P and N. Nutrient inputs (in precipitation, throughfall and stemflow) and leaching losses from the soil were both low. Soil around spruce trees showed increased nutrient availability. Burning increased pH and available nutrients, but the effects were short-lived (less than 5 yr). Soils remained oligotrophic.