We present estimates of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission from worldwide biomass burning totaling ~13 Tg N yr-1 on a 1 degree longitude by 1 degree latitude grid. Roughly 80 percent of these emissions occur in the zone from 25N to 25 degrees S. The inventory presented here is compared with other published estimates as well as the additional known sources of atmospheric NOx. The emission results presented here are used in a three-dimensinal chemical transport model. Model simulations suggest that the NOx emissions from biomass burning can promote nitric acid deposition rates over Africa, South America, and southeast Asia which are comparable to those of northern hemisphere industrialized regions. © by the Society of American Foresters. Abstract reproduced by permission.