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Project

Principal Investigator(s):
  • Joseph K. Vaughan
Co-Principal Investigator(s):
  • Serena H. Chung
    Washington State University
  • Adam K. Kochanski
    San Jose State University
  • Brian K. Lamb
    Washington State University
Collaborator(s):
  • Farren Herron-Thorpe
    Washington State University
  • Matthew C. Kadlec
  • Susan M. O'Neill
    US Forest Service, Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory

We propose AIRPACT-Fire to deliver enhanced wildfire related air-quality (AQ) forecast and 'nowcast' information. Targeted audiences include the public and AQ and medical professionals. Messaging will be diverse and will vary by audience and by medium. Media will include: the web, smart-phones, emails and/or SMS texts and automated phone messaging. AIRPACT-Fire will be built upon WSUs operational AQ forecasting frameworks: AIRPACT-4 for regional air-quality and ClearSky2 for modeling agricultural burning scenarios for smoke management. These systems use SMARTFIRE, BlueSky and SMOKE for emissions; CMAQ for chemistry and dispersion; and Google Maps web display for dissemination to the public and especially for use by NW-AIRQUEST. The new AIRPACT-Fire system will include several enhancements to the state-of-the-science: " WRF-SFire will be used to simulate detailed, coupled atmospheric and fire behavior modeling in order to improve wildfire emissions modeling. " The NOAA National AQ forecast will be used to obtain boundary conditions. " NOAA Earth System Modeling Laboratory High Resolution (3-km) Rapid Refresh (HRRR) WRF results will be used to produce nowcasts, delivering updated smoke results every few hours during regional wildfire events. " Visibility degradation is a means of relating wildfire smoke to human health effects. Despite uncertainties in the association of human-sighted visual range estimates to particulate concentrations and to human health effects, the potential exists for some observers in some environments to make visual range observations to corroborate other forecast products. With development and testing, forecast-based visual range may become a useful product. AQ forecast and nowcast smoke results will be converted to Air Quality Index (AQI) values following EPA guidance and AirNow practice. Short-term (1-3 hr average) smoke results will also be converted to health impacts following the guidance in the Wildfire Smoke A Guide for Public Health Officials. Updates to this Guide are anticipated in the near future, and the system will be flexible enough to quickly implement new guidance. Information reflecting recent and emerging smoke health effects science will also be shared. AQ health warning information will include: maps of hourly and 24-hr smoke concentration (PM2.5), maps of PM2.5-based Air Quality Index, related products for smart-phone access, optional user-selectable (or user-defined) results, ancillary supporting information for vulnerable individuals, advisories for medical professionals concerning likely patient numbers, registered experts' comment forum, visual range results (experimental) for comparison to observations. AIRPACT-Fire will be developed for the wildfire dominated Pacific Northwest (PNW) region already served by AIRPACT-4. Innovative wildfire smoke health risk communications in AIRPACT-FIRE will be broadly transferable to other AQ forecasting and real-time AQ reporting systems across the country. Because AIRPACT-4 uses community models and data services, the wildfire-related enhancements in AIRPACT-FIRE, particularly using WRF-SFire, will be transferrable to other, similar forecasting operations. Also, AIRPACT-4 is the basis of the AIRPACT-West proposal, submitted to NASA, for expanding AIRPACT-4 forecasting throughout the western US. Thus, AIRPACT-FIRE as proposed can deliver widespread benefit to human health, in the PNW region and through AIRPACT-West, and finally by transfers to other non-AIRPACT systems. AIRPACT-Fire will be developed in collaboration with the USDA-Forest Service AirFire Laboratory, proposers of a complementary project to JFSP. The NW-AIRQUEST consortium will be asked to review plans and products and to provide general user group input. Collaboration with Washington Ecology on health effects messaging will be complemented by outreach to regional public health groups, such as the American Lung Association.

Cataloging Information

Topics:
Regions:
Keywords:
  • agricultural burning
  • air quality
  • health impacts
JFSP Project Number(s):
  • 15-1-02-2
Record Maintained By: FRAMES Staff (https://www.frames.gov/contact)
Record Last Modified:
FRAMES Record Number: 22395