This proposal responds to JFSP FON #16-04 Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, Task 4: Smoke Emissions, Chemistry, and Transport. Over the past decade, significant progress has been gained in characterizing the composition, transport, and processing of wildland fire emissions. However, significant knowledge gaps and there is an urgent need for comprehensive observational datasets for characterizing smoke emissions, chemistry, and transport. This proposal identifies several key issues that may be addressed by FASMEE: Lack of emission factors for canopy fires and fires in moderate to heavy surface fuels The dependence of gas and aerosol emissions on the combustion process, fuel-type, and environmental conditions Differences in the emissions of post-fire-front residual smoldering and emissions that are entrained in the lofted plume Smoke from real fires is results from the burning of a mixture of fuel components and simultaneously occurring combustion processes while fire effects models which estimate fuel consumption assuming distinct isolated phases (flaming, smoldering, residual/long-term smoldering) Identifying the important precursors and products in the early stages of smoke plume dilution and processing Validation of emission algorithms based on satellite fire radiative power appropriate for forest fires. We propose a comprehensive observational study plan to address these issues. The plan combined intensive airborne and ground-based measurements of smoke emissions, chemistry, and transport. There are urgent needs to better understand the impacts of wildland fire smoke on air quality and the climate system, and for policy-relevant science to aid the development of land and air quality management strategies. The study plan proposed here provides an excellent opportunity to make significant progress in delivering policy- relevant science.