Over 100 years ago, President Theodore Roosevelt established the U.S. Forest Service to manage America's 193-million acre national forests and grasslands for the benefit of all Americans. Today, that mission is being consumed by the ever-increasing costs of fighting fires. This report documents the growth over the past 20 years of the portion of the Forest Service's budget that is dedicated to fire, and the debilitating impact those rising costs are having on the recreation, restoration, planning, and other activities of the Forest Service.