Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 332
Summary ... 'There are several different types of forest fires, each with distinct sets of emission characteristics. Emission factors and rates vary widely with fire behavior and fuel conditions. Wherever possible, they should be expressed as…
Person:
Year: 1978
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, backfires, backing fires, carbon, chemistry, combustion, dead fuels, duff, forest management, fuel appraisal, fuel loading, fuel types, gases, headfires, herbaceous vegetation, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, laboratory fires, litter, live fuels, needles, particulates, pine forests, Pinus elliottii, residence time, sampling, smoke behavior, smoke management, temperature, wildfires, wind
Emissions of particulate matter from prescribed fire in Georgia were sampled from an airplane and from various points on the ground. The source strength for the tire was determined, and an average emission factor for particulate matter of 10.3 g…
Person:
Year: 1979
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: Georgia, PM - particulate matter, smoke plumes, smoke behavior, air quality, particulates, state forests, fire management, forest management, smoke management, SFP - Southern Fire Portal
Field and laboratory emission factors (EFs) of wildland fire emissions for 276 known air pollutants sampled across Canada and the US were compiled. An online database, the Smoke Emissions Repository Application (SERA), was created to enable…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, PM - particulate matter, smoke management, Canada, wildfire emissions
A program of laboratory burning experiments was carried out to assess the air pollutant emissions potential of forest residues in the Pacific Northwest. The emphasis was on measuring particulate emission factors and their relation to fire…
Person:
Year: 1974
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: fire intensity, fuel consumption, slash fire, particulate emissions
Mercury stored in forests can be volatilized to the atmosphere during fires. Many factors influence this process such as mercury concentration, vegetation loading and the soil temperature reached during the fire. We quantified mercury emissions from biomass and soil during a…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Hg - mercury, soil temperature, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, soil management, rainforests, forest fire, mercury emissions, Amazon
Two different types of typical Brazilian forest biomass were burned in the laboratory in order to compare their combustion characteristics and pollutant emissions. Approximately 2 kg of Amazon biomass (hardwood) and 2 kg of Araucaria biomass (softwood) were burned. Gaseous…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, fire intensity, laboratory fires, air quality, biomass, carbon dioxide, gases, hardwoods, lignin, particulates, pollution, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, forest biomass, combustion, lignin content, PM2.5, gas emissions
From the text ... 'Prescribed burning is a significant source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the southeastern United States. However, limited data exist on the emission characteristics from this source. Various organic and inorganic compounds both in the gas and particle…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, chemistry, coniferous forests, fire hazard reduction, fire management, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, gases, Georgia, military lands, nongame birds, particulates, Picoides borealis, pine forests, smoke management, soil organisms, threatened and endangered species (animals), wildfires, wood, Fort Benning, FORT GORDON, levoglucosan, POC - Particulate Organic compound, VOC - volatile organic compounds
Release of PCDD and PCDF from biomass combustion such as forest and agricultural crop fires has been nominated as an important source for these chemicals despite minimal characterisation. Available emission factors that have been experimentally…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest, Southern
Keywords: PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, persistent organic pollutants, bushfire, forest fires, sugarcane burning, laboratory fires
The Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team (PNW Research Station) and the Fire Chemistry Project (RM Research Station) have completed the data collection and modeling for fuel consumption and smoke emissions during wildland fires in boreal forested types in Alaska.…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, duff consumption, duff moisture, black spruce, Consume 3.0, feathermoss, forest floor consumption, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, white spruce
In the United States, prescribed burning of wildlands is practiced on over 2 million hectares of land each year. Based on our survey conducted in 1989, approximately 70, 20, and 10% of this burning occurs in the Southeast, Pacific Northwest, and Rocky Mountain regions,…
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, chemical elements, dead fuels, duff, ecosystem dynamics, forest management, fuel appraisal, fuel loading, litter, live fuels, particulates, Pinus elliottii, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke managementtoxicity, wildlife habitat management
On May 2009, both the gas and particulate fractions of smoke from a wildfire in Sever do Vouga, central Portugal, were sampled. Total hydrocarbons and carbon oxides (CO2 and CO) were measured using automatic analysers with flame ionisation and non-dispersive infrared detectors,…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, carbon, gases, hydrocarbons, organic matter, particulates, Portugal, Europe, fire management, forest management, smoke management, wildfire, emission factors, particles, OC, EC, organic tracers
Relationships between boreal wildfire emissions and day-to-day variations in meteorological variables are complex and have important implications for the sensitivity of high-latitude ecosystems to climate change. We examined the influence of environmental conditions on boreal…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, weather observations, fire models, fuel consumption, biomass burning, boreal forest
The Fire INventory from NCAR version 1.0 (FINNv1) provides daily, 1km resolution, global estimates of the trace gas and particle emissions from open burning of biomass, which includes wildfire, agricultural fires, and prescribed burning and does not include biofuel use and trash…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass burning, chemical transport model, NMOC - nonmethane organic compounds, Fire INventory
Project Objectives For at least 5 different major classes of fuels typically involved in residual smoldering combustion (RSC) and two different moisture content conditions dispersed over at least 10 different sites. Four of these will be in the western USA, 3 in the southeast, 2…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, carbon release, PM - particulate matter, residual smoldering, fuel consumption
The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory has been operational since 2002, collecting solar absorption spectra from which atmospheric trace gas profiles and columns are retrieved. The time series of total columns of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, biomass burning, emission ratio, emission factor, FTIR - Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy , wildfires, plumes, CO - carbon monoxide, FLEXPART, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, GEOS-Chem
As part of the Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment (TROFFEE), tropical forest fuels were burned in a large, biomass-fire simulation facility and the smoke was characterized with open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton-transfer reaction mass…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Amazon, Brazil, biomass burning, emission factors, TROFFEE - Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment
The surface air warming over the Arctic has been almost twice as much as the global average in recent decades. In this region, unprecedented amounts of smoldering peat fires have been identified as a major emission source of climate-warming agents. While much is known about…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Siberia, brown carbon, aerosols, smoldering, peatland fires, particulate emissions
Crop residue burning is the major biomass burning activity in China, strongly influencing the regional air quality and climate. As the cultivation pattern in China is rather scattered and intricate, it is a challenge to derive an accurate emission inventory for crop residue…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, NOx emission factor, crop residue burning, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
This project characterized the emissions from a simulated wildfire and their evolution downwind via an airborne platform hosting state of the science online measurement techniques for speciated PM1 aerosol, black carbon, water soluble particulate organic carbon, and levoglucosan…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: South Carolina, black carbon, climate impacts, fire emissions, trace gases, organic aerosols
During a prescribed fire experiment, CO2 and particle number concentrations, light scattering and absorption coefficients were measured from a Cessna 172 airplane. Peak number concentrations were (3 ± 1) x 106 cm-3 and they decreased faster than what can be explained by…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: experimental fires, smoke behavior, aerosols, carbon dioxide, particulates, slash, Finland, Europe, fire management, forest management, smoke management, boreal forests
The aim of this study was the detailed organic speciation of fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM2.5-10) particles and gaseous carbonyl compounds from plumes emitted by wildfires during the summer of 2009 in Portugal. Complementary characterisation of the smoke particulate inorganic…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire case histories, fire frequency, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, gases, particulates, Portugal, Europe, fire management, forest management, smoke management, wildfires, trace gases, particulate matter, emission factors, organic speciation
We present emissions measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for western U.S. wildland fires made on the NSF/NCAR C‐130 research aircraft during the Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen (WE‐CAN) field campaign in summer 2018…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: VOC - volatile organic compounds, biomass burning emissions, emission factors, western US wildfire activity, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen
Field measurements were conducted to determine particulate emissions and trace gas emissions, including CO2, CO, CH4, NMHCs, NOx, NH3, N2O, and SO2, from open burning of wheat straw and maize stover, two major agricultural residues in China. The headfire ignition technique was…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Asia, biomass, broadcast burning, carbon, carbon dioxide, chemical compounds, China, distribution, fire management, fuel accumulation, gases, headfires, ignition, particulates, K - potassium, sampling
Particulate matter and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from the controlled combustion of alpha pinene
Combustion of a forest fuel complex produces a diverse mixture of oxygenated and unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds mixed with aerosols. This study examines the production rates for a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) precursor compounds produced from the controlled…
Person:
Year: 1979
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, carbon, cellulose, combustion, combustion chambers, flame length, gases, hydrocarbons, laboratory fires, particulates, resins, Washington
Fire management specialists in the southeastern United States needing guides for predicting or assessing particulate matter emission factors, emission rates, and heat release rate can use the models presented in this paper for making these…
Person:
Year: 1983
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, fire intensity, fire management, flame length, Florida, forest management, fuel types, Georgia, headfires, heat, Ilex glabra, particulates, pine forests, plantations, rate of spread, Serenoa repens, smoke management, statistical analysis