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Shawn Urbanski, Research Scientist with the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station presented the latest research in emission factors. Emission factors are a key component to estimating emissions of…
Person: Urbanski
Year: 2016
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildland fire, air quality, EI - Emission Inventory, emission factors, field measurements

Presentation to the 33rd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology/12th Fire and Forest Meteorology Symposium/Fourth Conference on Biogeosciences. This presentation focuses on emission factors for wildland fire fuels.
Person: O'Neill
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emission factor, smoke modeling, smoke models

Prescribed fires are used on about 155,000 acres of land each year in the Pacific Northwest states of Oregon and Washington. Particulate matter emission factors can be altered by selecting optimal burning conditions to improve combustion…
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: Oregon, phases of combustion, Washington, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions

Savanna fires contribute significantly to global aerosol loading and hence to the Earth's radiative budget. Modeling of the climatic impact of these aerosols is made difficult due to a lack of knowledge of their size distribution. Australia is the third largest source of global…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, savannas, wildfires, aerosols, gases, emission factors, Northern Territory of Australia, trace gases

While the vast majority of carbon emitted by wildland fires is released as CO2, CO, and CH4, wildland fire smoke is nonetheless a rich and complex mixture of gases and aerosols. Primary emissions include significant amounts of CH4 and aerosol (organic aerosol and black carbon),…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, biomass burning, emission factors

Aerosol emissions from vegetation fires have a large impact on air quality and climate. In this study, we use published experimental data and different fitting procedures to derive dynamic particle number and mass emission factors (EFPN, EFPM)…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: particle size, vegetation fires, emission factors, aerosol emissions

In this work, a methodology based on the macro-tracer approach was improved to obtain a more reliable estimate of the wood burning impact on PM10 and OC concentrations.Indeed, literature emission factors were weighed by the wood consumption data…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: human caused fires, air quality, carbon, particulates, Italy, Europe, smoke management, levoglucosan, wood burning, emission factors, source apportionment

While the vast majority of carbon emitted by wildland fires is released as CO2, CO, and CH4, wildland fire smoke is nonetheless a rich and complex mixture of gases and aerosols. Primary emissions include significant amounts of CH4 and aerosol (organic aerosol and black carbon),…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, carbon, carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, nitrogen, fire management, smoke management, biomass burning, greenhouse gases, emission factors

This paper reports relationships between emission factor (EFp) and fire intensity for burns in the palmetto-gallberry fuel type where fireline intensities ranged up to 1,750 kw m^-1 . A model that is presented has application in determining the…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: carbon balance, fire intensity, emission factor, fuel type, PM - particulate matter, palmetto-gallberry fuel complex

Emission factors and the size distribution for smoke particles from prescribed fire are described from data collected by airborne sampling, surface sampling using towers, and combustion hood systems. Emission factors…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke properties, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air quality, particulates, Montana, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington

The purpose of the workshop was for research scientists, air quality specialists, policy administrators, and others to present and discuss recent advances in research relating to estimation of emission factors for particulate matter (PM) and its…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, emission estimates, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions, workshop summary

A Southern Fire Exchange webinar hosted the National Wildland Fire Coordinating Group (NWCG) Smoke Committee and presented by Kevin Robertson, Ph.D. of Tall Timbers Research Station. This 1-hour webinar discussed recent research by Dr. Robertson on emission
Person: Robertson
Year: 2016
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: PM2.5 emissions, particulate emissions, PM2.5, emission factor, pine-grasslands, Florida, Georgia, SEM - structural equation modeling, PCA - Principle Component Analysis

Particulate-matter emission factors and Byram's fire-intensity values were computed for experimental backfires in pine-litter and palmetto-gallberry fuels in the Southeast. The combined data for both fuel types were in reasonable agreement with…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire intensity, PM - particulate matter, emission factors, emission factor models, backfire, fuel moisture, fuel types, Ilex glabra, particulates, Serenoa repens, smoke management

The WebFIRE application web site provides fast and complete access to the Agency's air emissions factors information. WebFIRE has replaced the software application, FIRE version 6.25 and the MS Access version of the database. The Factor…
Person:
Year:
Type: Tool
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emission factor, air pollutants

Forest fires are becoming increasingly severe and frequent due to global climate change. Trace gases emitted from forest fires significantly affect atmospheric chemistry and climate change on a regional and global scale. Forest fires occur frequently in Southwest China, but…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, forest fires, trace gases, emission factors, combustion stage

Reliable predictions of emissions from wildland fires are a key element of smoke management programs. Emission factors (the amount of pollutants produced per amount of fuel consumed) are used in models to estimate the composition of smoke. Over…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air quality, fuel bed, flaming, smoldering, emission factors, wildfire

Deforestation and draining of the peatlands in equatorial SE Asia has greatly increased their flammability, and in September–October 2015 a strong El Niño-related drought led to further drying and to widespread burning across parts of Indonesia, primarily on Kalimantan and…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Indonesia, peatlands, PM - particulate matter, emission factors, PM2.5, air quality, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, El Niño

From the text ... 'Despite major advances in our understanding of how anthropogenic emissions impact on air quality, there is still very little knowledge of the roll that very small particles play in this pollution and how we can better manage this component of global emissions…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, carbon, nitrogen, particulates, pollution, remote sensing, S - sulfur, Tall Timbers Research Station, north Florida, fire management

In this paper we present the first early dry season (early June-early August) emission factor measurements for carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), and particulates with a diameter less than…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: atmospheric science, global change, savannas, Africa, savanna fires

This report characterizes smoke emissions from small-scale prescribed burns in southern California chaparral. In situ measurements of smoke emissions were made from 12 fires. Three replicate tests were performed in each of four distinct fuel and fire treatments common to…
Person:
Year: 1996
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: chaparral, emission factor, smoke management, fire emissions

The burning of agricultural crop residue represents a major source of trace gases (CO, CO2, NO, NO2, and NOx) and particulate matter on a regional and global scale. This study investigates the gaseous and particulate emissions from the burning of rice, wheat and corn straws,…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, agriculture, air quality, Asia, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, China, combustion, cropland fires, fire management, gases, GIS - geographic information system, particulates, range management, agricultural crop residue, gaseous pollutant, emission factor, EI - Emission Inventory, emission allocation

Data on the optical absorption properties (expressed as a specific absorption, Ba) of the smoke emissions from fires with forest fuels have been determined for a series of low-intensity field fires and a series of laboratory scale fires. The Ba data have been used to estimate…
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: absorption, laboratory fires, emission factors, smoke aerosol emissions, large wildfires, graphitic carbon, aerosols, air quality, broadcast burning, carbon, chemistry, climatology, field experimental fires, fire intensity, fuel types, laboratory fires, live fuels, logging, low intensity burns, needles, nuclear winter, organic matter, pine, post-fire recovery, radiation, slash, smoke behavior, tropical forest, wildfires

Recent estimates of particulate production from forest fires in the United States have ranged from 500,000 to 54,000,000 tons annually. This has been due partly to disparities in estimates of fuel that is consumed during the combustion process, but more to the choice of
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emission factor, PM - particulate matter

A physics/chemistry-based numerical model for predicting the emission of fine particles from wildfires is proposed. This model implements the fundamental mechanisms of soot formation in a combustion environment: soot nucleation, surface growth, agglomeration, oxidation, and…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emission factor, wildfire modeling, soot formation, particulate emissions, fire simulations, HIGRAD, FIRETEC

Smoke emission factors (EFs) have been developed for a variety of wildland fuels beginning in the late 1960s. Many of these EFs have been presented in a variety of outlets and there is no centralized repository containing many of the EFs…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Data
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: particulates, trace gases, biota