Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 89
From the text ... 'In the summer of 1994, Colorado suffered its worst drought in decades. Severe fire weather was certain to come. On July 2, a major storm hit the State with dry lightning strikes, igniting thousands of wildland fires. Suddenly, the fire blew up. Witnesses at…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: blowups, catastrophic fires, Colorado, crown fires, droughts, fire case histories, fire control, fire injuries (humans), fire management, fire suppression, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, hardwood forests, health factors, herbaceous vegetation, lightning, pine forests, pine hardwood forests, Pinus edulis, Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus gambelii, rate of spread, smoke behavior, smoke management, spot fires, topography, vegetation surveys, Washington, wildfires
The results of chemical analyses of precipitation samples collected in Singapore between August 1997 and July 1998 are presented. Major inorganic and organic ions were determined in 169 rain samples collected using an automated wet-only sampler. The daily sample pH values ranged…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, chemical compounds, chemistry, gases, particulates, pH, precipitation, sampling, season of fire, Singapore, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires
Fire has a role in ecosystem services; naturally produced wildfires are important for the sustainability of many terrestrial biomes and fire is one of nature's primary carbon-cycling mechanisms. Under a warming climate, it is likely that fire frequency and severity will increase…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, biomass burning, policy, air quality
Several U.S. state and tribal agencies and other countries have implemented a methodology developed in the arid intermountain western U.S. where short-term (1- to 3-hr) particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations are estimated from…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, fire management, smoke management
Among the key issues in smoke management is predicting the magnitude and location of smoke effects. These vary in severity from hazardous (acute health conditions and drastic visibility impairment to transportation) to nuisance (regional haze), and occur across a range of scales…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, particulates, pollution, Canada, Mississippi, Tennessee, fire management, smoke management, air-quality impacts, forest fires, atmospheric transport, lower stratosphere, stochastic models, plume rise, simulation, system, dispersion, smoke modeling, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems
From the text...'The terms listed below were either taken from existing glossaries or developed specifically for this Guide. Where terms were taken from an existing glossary or document, the source reference is indexed in brackets (e.g. [source number]), with full reference…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, bibliographies, computer programs, ecosystem dynamics, fuel types, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, wilderness fire management, wildfires
From the text...'Smoke management program administration can range from activities conducted at the local burn program level to a multi-state coordinated effort to manage smoke. The EPA Interim Air Quality Policy on Wildland and Prescribed Fires (Interim Policy) (EPA 1998)…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, education, public information, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, US Forest Service, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
From the text...'An inventory or estimate of total statewide (or some other geographically distinct unit) annual emissions of criteria pollutants is a necessary part of understanding the burden on the air resource in an area and taking appropriate control actions. Emission…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, broadcast burning, duff, fire danger rating, fire size, fuel inventory, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, heavy fuels, humus, live fuels, national parks, pollution, slash, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, US Forest Service, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires, woody fuels
From the Introduction...'There are several reasons why wildland fire managers may want to conduct an ambient air quality-monitoring program. These include: • smoke management program evaluation purposes, • to fulfill a public information need, • to verify assumptions used in…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, fire equipment, health factors, particulates, public information, sampling, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wilderness fire management, wildfires
From the Summary...'For many projects a simple model often provides as good information as a more complex model. Regulations, however, may dictate the level of modeling required for each project. Other times, community values will determine the level of effort needed to…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Regulations and Legislation, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, bibliographies, burning permits, CO - carbon monoxide, fire size, fuel loading, fuel types, health factors, particulates, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management
From the Summary...'Managing smoke in ways that prevent serious impact to sensitive areas from single burns or multiple burns occurring simultaneously requires knowledge of the weather conditions that will affect smoke emissions, trajectories, and dispersion. Not only is it…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, bibliographies, biomass, cover, lakes, moisture, sloping terrain, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, storms, temperature, topography, weather observations, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wind
From the text...'Federal agencies are subject to certain laws and requirements that are not necessarily applicable to states or private entities in the same manner or at all. Federal agencies are required to do long-range planning for management of the lands they manage through…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, burning permits, CO - carbon monoxide, forest management, fuel management, land management, national forests, particulates, recreation, smoke behavior, smoke management, US Forest Service, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management
From the Conclusions...'Because smoke from fire can cause negative effects to public health and welfare, air quality protection regulations must be understood and followed by responsible fire managers. Likewise, air quality regulators need an understanding of how and when fire…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, Alabama, Arizona, CO - carbon monoxide, Colorado, education, fire management, Florida, fuel loading, fuel management, health factors, Idaho, land use, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, national parks, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, ozone, pollution, public information, smoke effects, smoke management, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management
From the text...'Evidence to date suggests that fireline workers exceed recommended exposure limits during prescribed burns and wildfires less than 10 percent of the time (Reinhardt and others 2000; Reinhardt and Ottmar 2000). The concept that few fireline personnel spend a…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: CO - carbon monoxide, firefighting personnel, health factors, smoke effects, smoke management, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
From the text...'Advanced smoke management programs evaluate individual and multiple burns; coordinate all prescribed fire activities in an area; consider cross-boundary (landscape) impacts; and weigh decisions about fires against possible health, visibility, and nuisance…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aesthetics, air quality, burning permits, education, fuel management, health factors, liability, national parks, natural resource legislation, public information, smoke management, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, bibliographies, health factors, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
The results of a survey of fire management officials concerning historical and projected prescribed burning activity in the South is reported. Prescribed burning programs on USDA Forest Service and private and state-owned lands are described in terms of area burned by ownership…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Rocky Mountain, Southern
Keywords: air quality, Alabama, Arkansas, coastal plain, ecosystem dynamics, education, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, Florida, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel types, Georgia, grazing, liability, light burning, Louisiana, low intensity burns, mammals, Mississippi, multiple resource management, national forests, nongame birds, Oklahoma, pine forests, Pinus, prescribed fires (escaped), private lands, public information, reforestation, slash, smoke management, South Carolina, spot fires, surface fires, Texas, threatened and endangered species (animals), US Forest Service, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, Virginia, wildlife habitat management
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will implement new regulations for the management of atmospheric particulate matter 2.5 Fm and less in diameter (PM2.5), tropospheric ozone, and regional haze in the next few years. These three air quality issues relate…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, combustion, education, fire management, gases, health factors, human caused fires, ozone, particulates, pollution, public information, remote sensing, site treatments, smoke management, thinning, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wind
Fire effects are modeled for a variety of reasons including: to evaluate risk, to develop treatment prescriptions, to compare management options, and to understand ecosystems. Fire effects modeling may be conducted at a range of temporal and spatial scales. First-order fire…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: combustion, crown scorch, duff, erosion, fire injuries (plants), fire management, fire regimes, fuel inventory, fuel models, heat, mortality, soil temperature, succession, vegetation surveys
The role of climate and natural disturbance in the past provides a context for understanding present and future changes in biota. The vegetation history of the Yellowstone region, like that of North America as a whole, is largely one of plant invasions and extinctions in…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Abies balsamea, Acer spp., biogeography, boreal forests, carbon dioxide, Castanea dentata, charcoal, distribution, disturbance, fire frequency, fire regimes, forest management, fossils, hardwood forests, introduced species, invasive species, Juniperus occidentalis, Juniperus osteosperma, landscape ecology, Larix laricina, Larrea tridentata, paleoecology, Picea abies, Picea engelmannii, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, pine forests, Pinus albicaulis, Pinus banksiana, Pinus contorta, Pinus monophylla, pioneer species, plant communities, plant diseases, pollen, precipitation, Pseudotsuga menziesii, succession, temperature, Tsuga canadensis, wildfires, Yellowstone National Park
New methods for retrieving tropospheric ozone column depth and absorbing aerosol (smoke and dust) from the Earth Probe—Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (EP/TOMS) are used to follow pollution and to determine interannual variability and trends. During intense fires over Indonesia…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, biomass, dust, ENSO, fire intensity, GIS, India, Indonesia, Oceania, ozone, particulates, pollution, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, combustion, elevation, gases, Indonesia, Kalimantan, minerals, particulates, peat, K - potassium, radiation, smoke effects, soil management, S - sulfur, tropical forests, wildfires, aerosol particles, biomass burning, Indonesia, ECX analysis, elemental composition, peat combustion
Smoke from wildfires has adverse biological and social consequences, and various lines of evidence suggest that smoke concentrations in the future may be more intense, more frequent, more widespread, or all of the above. In this document, we review the essential ingredients of a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems, wildfire regime, feedbacks, coupled models
Satellite based fire radiant energy retrievals are widely applied to assess biomass consumed and emissions at regional to global scales. A known potential source of uncertainty in biomass burning estimates arises from fuel moisture but this impact has not been quantified in…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, remote sensing, biomass burning, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
The Fire Modeling Institute (FMI) brings the best available fire and fuel science and technology developed throughout the research community to bear in fire-related management issues. Although located within the Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program of the U.S. Forest Service…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: MPB - mountain pine beetle, smoke science research, Fire Modeling Institute