Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 26 - 50 of 182
Emissions of trace gases and particles £ 2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) from fires during 2008-2011 on the North Carolina coastal plain were collected and analyzed. Carbon mass balance techniques were used to quantify emission factors (EFs). PM2.5 EFs were at least a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: biomass burning, fuel loading, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, organic soils, peat, North Carolina, fire management, fuel management, soil management, coastal plain, biomass burning, organic soil, North Carolina, PM2.5, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, levoglucosan
Present day lead pollution is an environmental hazard of global proportions. A correct determination of natural lead levels is very important in order to evaluate anthropogenic lead contributions. In this paper, the anthropogenic signature of early metallurgy in Southern Iberia…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, charcoal, deforestation, erosion, paleoecology, pollution, toxicity, Spain, Europe, fire management, soil management, Late Prehistory, lead pollution, anthropogenic environmental impact, metallurgy, southern Iberia
Two new types of signaling compounds have been discovered in wildfire smoke due to their ability to stimulate seed germination. The first discovered were karrikins, which share some structural similarity with the strigolactone class of plant hormones, and both signal through a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, chemical compounds, seed germination, Australia, fire management, smoke management, karrikins, strigolactones, cyanohydrins, cyanide, seed germination, Arabidopsis thaliana
Emissions of trace gases and C5-C10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Mediterranean wildfires occurring in Portugal in summer 2010 were studied. Fire smoke was collected in Tedlar bags and analysed for CO, CO2, total hydrocarbons (THC) and VOCs. The CO, CO2 and THC emission…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, wildfires, air quality, carbon dioxide, gases, hydrocarbons, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management, Mediterranean habitats, wildfires, Mediterranean forest, emission factors, trace gases, VOCs
Background: Several studies have evaluated the association between forest fire smoke and acute exacerbations of respiratory diseases, but few have examined effects on pharmaceutical dispensations. We examine the associations between daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, diseases, health factors, particulates, pollution, British Columbia, Canada, smoke management, fires, air pollution, asthma, pulmonary disease chronic obstructive, epidemiology
Exposure to combustion products from wildland fires causes respiratory irritation and decreased lung function among firefighters. The authors evaluated carbon monoxide (CO) exposures of a group of wildland firefighters who conducted prescribed burns in the southeastern United…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighting personnel, CO - carbon monoxide, health factors, fire management, forest management, exposure assessment, wildland, firefighter
The purpose of this work is to propose new indices for the spatial validation of hazardous plumes forecast, and apply and test them with data of a case study. One, the Plume-Overlap-Area Hit index, is a modification of a widely used index that considers the overlap area between…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: grass fires, rangeland fires, wildfires, remote sensing, Argentina, South America, fire management, range management, smoke management, grasslands, plume forecast, dispersion model, validation index, case study
This study examines the impact of forest fires on natural biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and windblown dust emissions over urban areas; specifically over the Athens larger urban zone for the reference year 2008. The area spans a continuum of urban-suburban-wild…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, pollution, wind, Greece, Europe, fire management, smoke management, urban habitats, forest fires, EI - Emission Inventory, windblown dust, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds
Experimental studies indicate that exposure to woodsmoke could induce oxidative stress. However studies have not been conducted among the general population and specialized occupational groups despite the existence of elevated woodsmoke exposure situations. Therefore, we…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighting personnel, smoke effects, air quality, health factors, pollution, Georgia, South Carolina, fire management, smoke management, coastal plain, pine hardwood forests, oxidative stress, 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), malondialdehyde (MDA), wildland firefighters, woodsmoke, oxidatively damaged DNA
From the text ... 'A critical role of the air resource advisor is the coordination and development of public messages about air quality impact from wildland fires.'
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, Idaho, fire management, smoke management
Surface ozone (O3) was measured at the Devils Postpile National Monument (DEPO), eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, during the 2007 (low-fire) and 2008 (high-fire) summer seasons. While mean and median values of O3 concentrations for the 2007 and 2008 summer seasons…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire frequency, season of fire, wildfires, air quality, national parks, ozone, pollution, Sierra Nevada, fire management, forest management, smoke management, fires, O3 - ozone, backward trajectories, air pollution standards
In recent decades, the frequency of wildland fire incidents near residential areas has decreased but the number of acres burned has increased, in large part due to changes in forest management methods and further human encroachment in forested regions. There is much debate about…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire case histories, fire damage (property), fire size, surface fires, wildfires, air quality, ash, char, particulates, pH, sampling, soot, Texas, fire management, forest management, asbestos, forest fire, metals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, residential buildings, wood ash, residential areas, hydrocarbons
Background: A study of the impacts on respiratory health of the 2007 wildland fires in and around San Diego County, California is presented. This study helps to address the impact of fire emissions on human health by modeling the exposure potential of proximate populations to…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: catastrophic fires, fire case histories, wildfires, air quality, Foehn winds, health factors, southern California, fire management, forest management, smoke management, wildland fire, particulate matter emissions, syndromic surveillance, generalized additive modeling, air quality, respiratory health, San Diego County
Smoke dispersion modelling based on the Fire Emission Production Simulator and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (FEPS-HYSPLIT) model was applied to prescribed burns in the Lake Tahoe Basin (LTB) during fall 2011. This, in conjunction with measurements…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: combustion, biomass burning, smoke effects, air quality, pollution, Nevada, fire management, forest management, smoke management, smoke forecast, biomass burning, emission model, PM2.5 emission factor, WRF, IMPROVE network
The Russian boreal zone supports a huge terrestrial carbon pool. Moreover, it is a tremendous reservoir of wood products concentrated mainly in Siberia. The main natural disturbance in these forests is wildfire, which modifies the carbon budget and has potentially important…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, clearcutting, logging, regeneration, Larix spp., larch, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Siberia, Asia, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, light conifer stands, Pinus spp., clear cuts, partial logging, legal and illegal logging, fuel consumption, carbon emissions, regeneration
North Australian tropical savanna accounts for 12% of the world's total savanna land cover. Accordingly, understanding processes that govern carbon, water and energy exchange within this biome is critical to global carbon and water budgeting. Climate and disturbances drive…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire size, fuel loading, wildfires, disturbance, greenhouse gases, insects, storms, windthrows, Northern Territory of Australia, Queensland, fire management, smoke management, savannas, tropical regions, Cyclone Monica, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, GPP - gross primary production, disturbance, termites
Smoke plays a positive role in promoting seed germination and enhancing post-germination processes. The compound in smoke is 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one (KAR1). Recently a structurally related butenolide [3,4,5-trimethylfuran-2(5H)-one, (trimethylbutenolide, TMB)], which…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: post fire recovery, smoke effects, air quality, seed germination, seeds, soil nutrients, Lactuca sativa, South Africa, Africa, fire management, smoke management, soil management, grasslands, bioassay, burning, karrikins, seed germination, smoke residues, soil extracts
Durative haze clouds with unusual yellow color appeared in East China in agricultural burning period during June 8-12 in 2012, causing extreme air pollution in densely populated regions including Jiangsu, Hubei, and the Yangtze River Delta. The spatial variation, vertical…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: cropland fires, aerosols, agriculture, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, China, Asia, fire management, range management, croplands, yellow haze, agricultural burning, satellite, dust transport, East China
In subtropical evergreen forest in East China, forest fires cause huge economic losses. Flammability of fresh leaves can play an important role in determining fire spread. Therefore, a study on the influence of fire on evergreen trees is of great importance to investigate the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Occurrence, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire resistant plants, flammability, heat, wildfires, evergreens, leaves, China, Asia, fire management, forest management, flammability, forest fire, heat release rate, total smoke release
In recent years, bushfires and prescribed burns have caused substantial economic loss to the wine industry due to smoke taint, which makes wine unpalatable. Considerable research is being done to ameliorate smoke taint but the information available about the effect of smoke on…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, agriculture, gases, leaves, litter, photosynthesis, statistical analysis, transpiration, Australia, fire management, land management, smoke management, bushfire, gas exchange, stomatal conductance, transpiration, physiology, grapevines
Intense wildfires burning >360 000 acres in San Diego during October, 2007 provided a unique opportunity to study the impact of wildfires on local air quality and biomass burning aerosol (BBA) aging. The size-resolved mixing state of individual particles was measured in real-…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, wildfires, air quality, aerosols, particulates, sampling, southern California, fire management, forest management, smoke management
Background: Exposure to wildfire smoke has been associated with cardiopulmonary health impacts. Climate change will increase the severity and frequency of smoke events, suggesting a need for enhanced public health protection. Forecasts of smoke exposure can facilitate public…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, Northwest
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, health factors, remote sensing, British Columbia, Canada, fire management, smoke management
Smoke pollution from wildfires can adversely affect human health, and there is uncertainty about the amount of smoke pollution caused by prescribed v. wildfires, a problem demanding a landscape perspective given that air quality monitoring is sparse outside of urban airsheds.…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, fire size, wildfires, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, Victoria, New South Wales, Australia, fire management, landscape ecology, smoke management, biomass smoke pollution, eucalypt forest, fire management, landscape ecology, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, smoke plume, smoke pollution
We report observations of normalized enhancement ratios (NER) for 32 wildfires measured at Mount Bachelor Observatory in central Oregon during June-September 2004-2011. All 32 plumes resulted from wildfires originating in the western United States and Canada. The observed NER of…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, ozone, particulates, pollution, Oregon, fire management, forest management, wildfire, enhancement ratio, ozone, particulate matter, plume transport
Karrikins are butenolide compounds released from burning vegetation that stimulate seed germination and enhance seedling photomorphogenesis. Strigolactones are structurally similar plant hormones that regulate shoot and root development, and promote the germination of parasitic…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, chemical compounds, light, seed germination, seedlings, Australia, smoke management, karrikin, Strigolactone, KAI2, HY5, photomorphogenesis