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Wildfire smoke exposure and human health: significant gaps in research for a growing public health issue

Understanding the effect of wildfire smoke exposure on human health represents a unique interdisciplinary challenge to the scientific community. Population health studies indicate that wildfire smoke is a risk to human …
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, particulates, air quality, exposure, human health, inhalation irritants, toxicology, literature review

Mapping modeled exposure of wildland fire smoke for human health studies in California

Wildland fire smoke exposure affects a broad proportion of the U.S. population and is increasing due to climate change, settlement patterns and fire seclusion. Significant public health questions surrounding its effects remain, including the…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildland fire, air quality, exposure, PM - particulate matter, geospatial analysis, public health, chemical transport model, atmospheric modeling, epidemiology

Wildland Fire Smoke Health Effects on Wildland Firefighters and the Public

In summary, the toxicological and epidemiological evidence of adverse effects for those with chronic exposure to smoke is troubling, especially so for those with preexisting cardiovascular health conditions. What the research means for healthy…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: firefighter health, public health, smoke exposure, air pollution

Estimating Fire Smoke Related Health Burden and Novel Tools to Manage Impacts on Urban Populations

Fire smoke is a major contributor to both particulate matter (PM) and ozone exposure in urban centers. Epidemiological, clinical, and toxicological studies have demonstrated a casual relationship between these pollutants and cardiovascular and respiratory…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, human health, health impacts, air quality, smoke exposure, Australia, health risk

Public health impacts of the severe haze in equatorial Asia in September-October 2015: demonstration of a new framework for informing fire management strategies to reduce downwind smoke exposure

In September-October 2015, El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole conditions set the stage for massive fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo), leading to persistently hazardous levels of smoke pollution across much of Equatorial Asia. Here we quantify the emission…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: haze, fire management, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, health impacts, GEOS-Chem, smoke exposure

Health impacts of future prescribed fire smoke: considerations from an exposure scenario in California

In response to increasing wildfire risks, California plans to expand the use of prescribed fire. We characterized the anticipated change in health impacts from exposure to smoke under a future fire-management scenario relative to a historical…
Person:
Year: 2024
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: health impacts, public health, PM2.5, BlueSky Modeling Framework, PM - particulate matter

Air pollution from wildfires and human health vulnerability in Alaskan communities under climate change

Alaskan wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe, but very little is known regarding exposure to wildfire smoke, a risk factor for respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses. We estimated long-term, present-day and future exposure to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: air pollution, human health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, smoke exposure, public health, environmental justice, wildfires

Spatio-temporal analysis to assess health effects of landscape fire smoke: an empirical model

Background Understanding the health effects of smoke from landscape fires (LFs), including wildfires and prescribed burns, is limited due to lack of adequate smoke exposure measures. Methods We used the reported LFs to determine smoke plume…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: health effects, wildfire, landscape fire, smoke exposure, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, cardiovascular disease, EMS - Emergency Medical Services, aerosols, ambulance, dose-response models, hospitalizations, li-fraumeni syndrome, health outcomes, optics

Assessment of occupant-behavior-based indoor air quality and its impacts on human exposure risk: a case study based on the wildfires in northern California

The recent wildfires in California, U.S., have caused not only significant losses to human life and property, but also serious environmental and health issues. Ambient air pollution from combustion during the fires could increase indoor exposure…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: human exposure, indoor air quality, occupant behavior, respiratory injury, wildfires, CFD - Computational Fluid Dynamics, human health, air pollutants

Public health impacts of the severe haze in Equatorial Asia in September-October 2015: demonstration of a new framework for informing fire management strategies to reduce downwind smoke exposure

In September-October 2015, ElNino and positive Indian Ocean Dipole conditions set the stage for massive fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo), leading to persistently hazardous levels of smoke pollution across much of Equatorial Asia. Here we quantify the emission…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, air quality, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, health factors, remote sensing, fire management, land use, smoke management, Land Use Change Fires, smoke exposure, GEOS-Chem Adjoint

Factors affecting smoke and crystalline silica exposure among wildland firefighters

Smoke exposure data among U.S. wildland firefighters for carbon monoxide, respirable particulate and respirable crystalline silica are presented from a field surveillance program between 2009 and 2012. Models to predict fireline-average exposure…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: CO - carbon monoxide, firefighters, quartz, silica, wildfires, smoke exposure, firefighter health

Blending forest fire smoke forecasts with observed data can improve their utility for public health applications

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) generated by forest fires has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including exacerbation of respiratory diseases and increased risk of mortality. Due to the unpredictable nature of forest fires, it is…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, British Columbia, Canada, air quality, health factors, particulates, fire management, smoke management, forest fire smoke, Blended Models, fine particulate matter, exposure assessment, epidemiology, public health

The Canadian Optimized Statistical Smoke Exposure Model (CanOSSEM): A machine learning approach to estimate national daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure

Exposure to biomass smoke has been associated with a wide range of acute and chronic health outcomes. Over the past decades, the frequency and intensity of wildfires has increased in many areas, resulting in longer smoke episodes with higher…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass smoke, exposure assessment, machine learning, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, CanOSSEM - Canadian Optimized Statistical Smoke Exposure Model, Canada, air pollution

Modeling wildfire smoke pollution by integrating land use regression and remote sensing data: regional multi-temporal estimates for public health and exposure models

To understand the health effects of wildfire smoke, it is important to accurately assess smoke exposure over space and time. Particulate matter (PM) is a predominant pollutant in wildfire smoke. In this study, we develop land-use regression (LUR…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Alberta, Canada, pollution, air pollution, public health, smoke exposure, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, AOD - aerosol optical depth, land use regression, spatial analysis

The health impacts and economic value of wildland fire episodes in the U.S.: 2008-2012

Introduction: Wildland fires degrade air quality and adversely affect human health. A growing body of epidemiology literature reports increased rates of emergency departments, hospital admissions and premature deaths from wildfire smoke exposure…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Oregon, Idaho, Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, health impact assessment, source apportionment, PM2.5, ozone, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildland fires, southern California wildfires, particulate air pollution, hospital admissions, smoke exposure, mortality

Using wildland fire smoke modeling data in gerontological health research (California, 2007-2018)

Widespread population exposure to wildland fire smoke underscores the urgent need for new techniques to characterize fire-derived pollution for epidemiologic studies and to build climate-resilient communities especially for aging populations. Using atmospheric…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildland fire, air quality, exposure, PM - particulate matter, geospatial analysis, public health, chemical transport model, atmospheric modeling, epidemiology, PM2.5

Estimating fire smoke related health burden and novel tools to manage impacts on urban populations - Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program

Fire smoke is a major contributor to both particulate matter (PM) and ozone exposure in urban centers. Epidemiological, clinical, and toxicological studies have demonstrated a casual relationship between these pollutants and cardiovascular and respiratory…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Australia, human health, health impacts, PM - particulate matter, air quality, literature review

AQVx - an interactive visual display system for air pollution and public health

Fine particulate matter emissions (PM2.5) from landscape biomass fires, both prescribed and wild, pose a significant public health risk, with smoke exposure seasonally impacting human populations through both highly concentrated local plumes,…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: AQVx - Air Quality Visualization, Australia, wildfire, transport, radar, exposure, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5

Projecting age-stratified risk of exposure to inland flooding and wildfire smoke in the United States under two climate scenarios

Background: The public health community readily recognizes flooding and wildfires as climate-related health hazards, but few studies quantify changes in risk of exposure, particularly for vulnerable children and older adults.…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, flooding, public health, health hazards, CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5

Spatial and temporal estimates of population exposure to wildfire smoke during the Washington state 2012 wildfire season using blended model, satellite, and in situ data

In the western U.S., smoke from wild and prescribed fires can severely degrade air quality. Due to changes in climate and land management, wildfires have increased in frequency and severity, and this trend is expected to continue. Consequently, wildfires are expected to become…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Washington, wildfires, exposure, satellites, smoke exposure, air pollution, regression models, PM2.5, WRF-Chem

Smoke from extreme wildfire events and human health

Recent extreme wildfire events (EWE) in Australia, the United States of America (USA), Greece and Portugal highlighted the seriousness of wildfire smoke impacts on society. Nowadays, about 2000 premature deaths occur annually in the USA due to chronic wildfire smoke …
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: EWE - extreme wildfire event, smoke dispersion, Portugal, public health, smoke exposure, air quality, air pollution

Premature deaths in Brazil associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 from Amazon fires between 2016-2019

Amazonian deforestation from slash‐and‐burn practices is a significant contributor to biomass burning within Brazil. Fires emit carbonaceous aerosols that negatively impact human health by increasing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure.…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: adjoint, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Amazon, Brazil, air quality, biomass, public health, aerosols, health impacts

Health impact analysis of PM2.5 from wildfire smoke in Canada (2013-2015, 2017-2018)

Smoke from wildfires contains many air pollutants of concern and epidemiological studies have identified associations between exposure to wildfire smoke PM2.5 and mortality and respiratory morbidity, and a possible association with cardiovascular morbidity. For…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildland fires, wildfires, health impact analysis, economic valuation, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, Canada

A multi-analysis approach for estimating regional health impacts from the 2017 Northern California wildfires

Smoke impacts from large wildfires are mounting, and the projection is for more such events in the future as the one experienced October 2017 in Northern California, and subsequently in 2018 and 2020. Further, the evidence is growing about the health impacts…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: health impacts, WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ model, GOES-16, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, wildfires, air quality, remote sensing, human health

Machine learning-based integration of high-resolution wildfire smoke simulations and observations for regional health impact assessment

Large wildfires are an increasing threat to the western U.S. In the 2017 fire season, extensive wildfires occurred across the Pacific Northwest (PNW). To evaluate public health impacts of wildfire smoke, we integrated numerical simulations and observations for…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: smoke modeling, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, air pollution, air quality, health impact assessment, public health, machine learning, data fusion