Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 4976
Burning experiments in the laboratory on samples of forest floor (L + F + H organic layers) from an old-growth Tsuga heterophylla/Pseudotsuga taxifolia forest, indicated a 25-64% loss of N from the forest floor at temperatures of 300-700 C. Burning increased the N concentration…
Person:
Year: 1966
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, forest floor, N - nitrogen, British Columbia, burning, chemical concentration, fire control, forest litter, humus chemistry, plant composition, slash burning, soil nitrogen
The role of black carbon (BC) soot in the Arctic as an agent of climate warming through forcing/feedback of sea ice/glacier albedo is an uncertainty in need of addressing. In-situ measurements of BC-aerosols and gas byproducts from the FROSTFIRE experiment burn, 8-11 July 1999,…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: black carbon aerosols, climate change, climate warming, deposition, forest, snow, spectral albedo, trajectory model, transport, Frostfire prescribed burn
Flux measurements at sites of mixed hardwood and black spruce stands from an area (C4) of the Caribou-Poker Creek Research Watershed (CPCRW), interior Alaska, in the summer seasons of 1998, 1999, and 2000 are used to estimate the fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O before and after…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: soil respiration, Frostfire, global change, soil chemistry, soil microbes
Flux measurements at sites of mixed hardwood and black spruce (Picea mariana) stands from an area (C4) of the Caribou-Poker Creek Research Watershed (CPCRW), interior Alaska, USA, in the summer seasons of 1998, 1999, and 2000 are used to estimate the fluxes of CH4 and N2O before…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, soils, Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed, CH4 - methane, Frostfire, N2O - nitrous oxide
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, launched on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Terra satellite at the end of 1999, was designed with 36 spectral channels for a wide array of land, ocean, and atmospheric investigations. MODIS has a…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
There were large interannual variations in burned area in the boreal region (ranging between 3.0 and 23.6x106 ha yr-1) for the period of 1992 and 1995-2003 which resulted in corresponding variations in total carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. We estimated a range of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, carbon, duff consumption, fire severity, wildland fire, boreal region, burned area, carbon emissions, CO - carbon monoxide, trace gas emissions
The global boreal forest region experienced some 17.9 million ha of fire in 1998, which could be the highest level of the decade. Through the analysis of fire statistics from North America and satellite data from Russia, semimonthly estimates of area burned for five different…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, carbon dioxide emissions, peatland fires, Russia, boreal forest fires, CO - carbon monoxide, CH4 - methane
Fire strongly influences carbon cycling and storage in boreal forests. In the near-term, if global warming occurs, the frequency and intensity of fires in boreal forests are likely to increase significantly. A sensitivity analysis on the relationship between fire and carbon…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, fire, carbon cycle, climate change, global warming, biomass, Canada, carbon, distribution, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire models, fire regimes, nutrient cycling, soil nutrients
An improved method to estimate the amounts of carbon released during fires in the boreal forest zone of Alaska in 1990 and 1991 is described. This method divides the state into 64 distinct physiographic regions and estimates areal extent of five different land covers: two forest…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: fire, AVHRR images, carbon release, cover types, stand age distribution
Airborne and ground-based mixing ratio and flux measurements using eddy covariance (EC) and for the first time the mixed layer gradient (MLG) and mixed layer variance (MLV) techniques are used to assess the impact of isoprene and monoterpene emissions on atmospheric chemistry in…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Amazon, proton transfer reaction mass, VOC - volatile organic carbon
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC) can dominate atmospheric organic chemistry, but they are difficult to measure reliably at low levels in complex mixtures. Several techniques that have been used to speciate nonmethane organic compounds (NMOC) including OVOC were…
Person:
Year: 2004
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: laboratory fires, biomass burning, OVOC - oxygenated volatile organic compounds, NMOC - nonmethane organic compounds
The NOAA 12 advanced very high resolution radiometer detected extensive forest fires in boreal Siberia and northern Mongolia during April through October 1998, a year of extremely dry weather, in particular, in the Russian Far East. Analysis of the satellite data has been…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, carbon, fire, biomass consumption, carbon release, radiometer, Siberia
Russian boreal forests are subject to frequent wildfires. The resulting combustion of large amounts of biomass not only transforms forest vegetation, but it also creates significant carbon emissions that total, according to some authors, from 35 to 94 Mt C per year. These carbon…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, carbon, fire damage, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, remote sensing, carbon emissions, Russia, satellite imagery
Boreal forest fires are highly variable in space and time and also have variable vertical injection properties. We compared a University of Maryland Chemistry and Transport Model (UMD-CTM) simulation of boreal forest fire CO in the summer of 2000 to surface observations from the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest fire, international, CO emissions, CO transport, injection height, mid troposphere, MOPITT - Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere instrument, UMD-CTM - University of Maryland Chemistry and Transport Model, upper troposphere
The quality of temporal information from daily burned area inputs was evaluated using a transport and chemistry experiment. Carbon monoxide emissions from boreal forest fires were estimated using burned area inputs with daily resolution. Averaging of emissions data to create 30-…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, Russia, international, boreal forest fires, CASN - Cooperative Air Sampling Network, CO emissions, MOPITT - Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere instrument, UMD-CTM - University of Maryland Chemistry and Transport Model
Carbon monoxide reached record high levels in the northern extratropics in the late summer and fall of 1998 as a result of anomalously large boreal fires in eastern Russia and North America. We investigated the effects of these fires on CO and tropospheric oxidants using a…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, boreal fire, CO - carbon monoxide, ozone, Russia, GEOS-Chem, injection altitude, PAN - peroxyacetyl nitrate, tropospheric oxidants
Small changes in C cycling in boreal forests can change the sign of their C balance, so it is important to gain an understanding of the factors controlling small exports like water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fluxes from the soils in these systems. To examine this, we…
Person:
Year: 2006
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: carbon balance, productivity, soils, black spruce, climate change, DOC - dissolved organic carbon, Picea mariana, respiration, soil carbon, soil composition, water balance, soil properties, boreal forests, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, climatology, coniferous forests, evapotranspiration, forest management, mineral soil, nutrient cycling, organic matter, organic soils, Picea spp., Picea mariana, soil management, soil moisture, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soil temperature, statistical analysis, water
Changes in terrestrial carbon storage in the United States. 1: The roles of agriculture and forestry
Changes in the areas of croplands and pastures, and rates of wood harvest in 7 regions of the USA, including Alaska, were derived from historical statistics for the period 1700-1990. These rates of land-use change were used in a cohort model, together with equations defining the…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon flux, land use, vegetation, carbon accumulation, forest management, soil organic matter, agriculture, air quality, C - carbon, chaparral, coniferous forests, croplands, ecosystem dynamics, fire exclusion, fire suppression, grasslands, logging, second growth forests, slash, soil nutrients, soils, tillage, tundra, wildfires, wood
Fire is a major disturbance in the boreal forest, and has been shown to release significant amounts of carbon (C) to the atmosphere through combustion. However, less is known about the effects on ecosystems following fire, which include reduced productivity and changes in…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, combustion, decomposition, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, carbon release, primary production, satellite imagery
The effects of forest fire smoke on sky polarization and animal orientation are practically unknown. Using full-sky imaging polarimetry, we therefore measured the celestial polarization pattern under a smoky sky in Fairbanks, Alaska, during the forest fire season in August 2005…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, British Columbia, animal orientation, forest fire smoke, sky polarization
Wildfires represent one of the most common disturbances in boreal regions, and have the potential to reduce C, N, and Hg stocks in soils while contributing to atmospheric emissions. Organic soil layers of the forest floor were sampled before and after the FROSTFIRE experimental…
Person:
Year: 2004
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, carbon, combustion, N - nitrogen, soil, ash, black spruce, duff, experimental burn, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Frostfire, Hg - mercury, feathermoss, soil properties
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on the NASA Terra satellite has been used to monitor aerosol optical thickness (AOT, ?) daily at 10km+10km resolution worldwide since August 2000. This information, together with the locations of active fires…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: remote sensing, aerosols, land cover, NASA land cover, pollution, trend analysis, Africa, photometry, fires, seasonal variations
As a source of atmospheric carbon, biomass burning emissions associated with deforestation in the Amazon are globally significant. Once deforested, these lands continue to be sources of substantial burning emissions for many years due to frequent pasture burning. The objective…
Person:
Year: 2004
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon, land use, Amazon, Brazil, Rondonia, trace gas emissions, regenerating forest, biomass burning, land-cover change, pasture, primary forest
Boreal and subarctic peatlands comprise a carbon pool of 455 Pg that has accumulated during the postglacial period at an average net rate of 0.096 Pg/yr (1 Pg = 1015g). Using Clymo's (1984) model, the current rate is estimated at 0.076 Pg/yr. Longterm drainage of these peatlands…
Person:
Year: 1991
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: biomass, boreal, carbon cycle, CH4 - methane, climate warming, CO2 - carbon dioxide, greenhouse effect, mires, peatlands, sub-arctic
We used an airborne Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (AFTIR), coupled to a flow-through, air-sampling cell, on a King Air B-90 to make in situ trace gas measurements in isolated smoke plumes from four, large, boreal zone wildfires in interior Alaska during June 1997.…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, AFTIR - airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, trace gas emissions, boreal forest fires, smoke plumes, airborne measurements, smoke monitoring