Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 4876 - 4900 of 4983
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air quality, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, gases, human caused fires, ozone, rainforests, remote sensing, savannas, South America, tropical forests
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, Arctic, Canada, C - carbon, chemistry, distribution, fuel types, gases, Greenland, Northwest Territories, organic matter, particulates, pollution, SO2 - sulfur dioxide, wildfires
Following a repetitive pattern, biomass burning affects the intertropical belt on a continental scale during the dry season1. The importance of these anthropogenic activities with regard to carbonaceous-component emissions into the global atmosphere is now well recognized2-4. It…
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Africa, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, chemistry, fire intensity, fire size, fuel types, habitat types, human caused fires, Ivory Coast, organic matter, particulates, pollution, post fire recovery, savannas, season of fire, seasonal activities, statistical analysis, tropical forests
Fire links the biosphere and the atmosphere. The linkage is, as yet, poorly quantified. Evidence suggests that a few percent of total C fixed by photosynthesis is oxidized by burning. Biomass burning seems to be globally significant in terms of associated: • Releases of trace…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, Asia, bibliographies, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, Brazil, C - carbon, char, charcoal, chemistry, community ecology, decay, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, evolution, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, forest types, fossils, fuel types, gases, geography, habitat types, heat, heat effects, human caused fires, landscape ecology, Mexico, microclimate, minerals, paleoecology, paleontology, post fire recovery, prehistoric fires, remote sensing, reproduction, sedimentation, smoke effects, South America, species diversity (animals), species diversity (plants), statistical analysis, telemetry, tropical forests, water, wildfires
Wood versus fossil fuel as a source of excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere: a preliminary report
If the amounts of wood consumed in deforestation to increase agricultural land and as firewood in underindustrialized countries are added to the amount consumed by the money economics as forest products, the estimates of the net amount of wood removed from the biosphere in this…
Person:
Year: 1977
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Economics
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Brazil, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chemistry, clearcutting, deforestation, energy, forest management, forest products, fuel types, glaciers, habitat conversion, human caused fires, rainforests, regeneration, sedimentation, South America, tropical forests, wood, woody fuels
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Logistics, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: aerial ignition, air quality, biomass, burning intervals, burning permits, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, clearcutting, computer programs, conifers, decay, diameter classes, duff, fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fire regimes, firing techniques, forest management, fuel appraisal, fuel inventory, fuel models, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, hardwoods, herbicides, humus, ignition, logging, moisture, multiple resource management, national forests, Oregon, organic soils, particulates, pine, post fire recovery, precipitation, Pseudotsuga menziesii, season of fire, slash, slash and burn, smoke management, statistical analysis, Tsuga heterophylla, Washington, woody fuels
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1987
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Eastern, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: bibliographies, C - carbon, charcoal, community ecology, conifers, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, erosion, fire regimes, fire size, fossils, fuel types, habitat types, humus, hydrology, lakes, Maine, microclimate, Minnesota, New England, paleoecology, pollen, sampling, sedimentation, soils, South Dakota, statistical analysis, water, wind
Three months after wildfire (Nov. 1989), we tagged 5 resprouts, 20 seedlings and 5 adults of Rhus laurina in the Santa Monica Mountains of California. Seedlings and resprouts were intermixed; adults were adjacent the burn site (stand age 15 years). The lowest midday leaf water…
Person:
Year: 1991
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: age classes, C - carbon, chaparral, chemistry, gases, leaves, mountains, photosynthesis, plant growth, post fire recovery, resprouting, Rhus, Rhus laurina, seedlings, shrubs, southern California, water, wildfires
Airborne measurements of 13 trace gases from seven forest fires in North America are used to determine their average emission factors. The emission factors are then used to estimate the contributions of biomass ubrning to the worldwide fluxes of these gases. The estimate for NH3…
Person:
Year: 1990
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northwest, International
Keywords: Adenostoma, air quality, Artemisia arbuscula, Betula, biomass, brush, Canada, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chaparral, combustion, coniferous forests, fuel types, gases, Ontario, Oregon, particulates, Picea mariana, pine, Pinus banksiana, pollution, Populus, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Rhus, sampling, statistical analysis, Tsuga, wildfires, woody plants
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1983
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: agriculture, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, chemistry, combustion, decay, flammability, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, hydrogen, ignition, statistical analysis, temperature, Washington, wildfires, wood
Climate, vegetation, and fire are interrelated so that any change in one will affect the others. Increases in greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, are expected to increase average surface temperatures and alter precipitation patterns. These changes will alter numerous…
Person:
Year: 1991
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Weather
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, biomass, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chemistry, community ecology, competition, coniferous forests, deserts, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, energy, fire danger rating, fire frequency, fire regimes, fuel types, gases, climate change, nutrient cycling, particulates, pine forests, Pinus albicaulis, Pinus contorta, plant communities, plant growth, population ecology, precipitation, Pseudotsuga menziesii, radiation, rainforests, season of fire, shrublands, slash and burn, species diversity (plants), temperature, water, wildfires
This report describes the methodology used to develop emission factors for particulates, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from the burning of street tree leaves. This project was an outgrowth of one carried out for the State of Illinois where leaves from only three species were…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: Aesculus hippocastanum, air quality, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, eucalyptus, firing techniques, Fraxinus, Fraxinus nigra, fuel moisture, hydrocarbons, ignition, Illinois, leaves, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Magnoliaceae, particulates, Platanus, pollution, Populus deltoides, Robinia pseudoacacia, sampling, Ulmus americana
Peat cores collected from two locations in eastern North Carolina (NC, USA) were burned in a laboratory facility to characterize emissions during simulated field combustion. Particle and gas samples were analyzed to quantify emission factors for particulate matter (PM2.5),…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: gas emissions, particle emissions, peat, North Carolina, laboratory fires, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PM2.5, CO - carbon monoxide, C - carbon
To characterize the impact of the October 2007 wildfires on the air quality of Los Angeles, integrated ambient particulate matter (PM) samples were collected near the University of Southern California between October 24 and November 14, 2007. Samples were analyzed for different…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, biomass burning, C - carbon, combustion, fire management, Foehn winds, gases, hydrocarbons, Mediterranean habitats, O - oxygen, particulates, PM - particulate matter, pollution, K - potassium, smoke management, wildfires, organic carbon
A series of wildfires in northern Quebec, early July 2002, and in southern Quebec, late May 2010, resulted in severe air pollution downwind. Downwind exposures were investigated to estimate the impact on outdoor and indoor environments. The plumes derived from the wildfires…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: wildfires, ozone, PM2.5, indoor air quality, downwind effect, exposure, Canada, Quebec, plumes, fire case histories, air quality, C - carbon, chlorine, particulates, pollution, K - potassium, wind, fire management, forest management, smoke management
Burning of agricultural waste residue is a common method of disposal when preparing land following crop harvest. This practice introduces volatile organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), into the atmosphere. This study examines the particle size…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): California
Keywords: PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particle size, distribution, agricultural burning, emission factors, biofuel, C - carbon, chemical compounds, combustion, cropland fires, fire management, fuel loading, hydrocarbons, particulates, smoke management, statistical analysis, temperature
Alaska, the great northern frontier of America, is being reshaped by climate change. While rising temperatures are altering its character and landscape, they are also bringing the ravages of wildfires. In the past 60 years, Alaska has warmed more than twice as fast as the rest…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, C - carbon, area burned, fire season length
Alaska and its neighbor to the east, Canada, have kicked off wildfire season in a major way. Blazes have raged across the northern stretches of North America, sending smoke streaming down into the Lower 48 and leaving the landscape charred. The multitudes of fires is a glimpse…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: peatlands, C - carbon, climate change
Wild and prescribed fires currently burn about 20,100 ha per year in Washington west of the Cascade Crest: prehistoric wildfires burned an estimated 19,200 ha per year. Modern burning consumes 38 g/m²/yr of fuel; the estimated prehistoric rate was 35 g/m²/yr over a 50-percent…
Person:
Year: 1983
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: prehistoric fires, smoke production, fuel consumption, western Washington, Abies amabilis, aerial ignition, air quality, C - carbon, catastrophic fires, coniferous forests, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, elevation, evergreens, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire management planning, fire regimes, fire weather, foliage, forest types, heavy fuels, lightning caused fires, litter, logging, multiple resource management, national parks, natural resource management, Picea sitchensis, population density, prehistoric fires, season of fire, slash, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla, Tsuga mertensiana, understory vegetation, wildfires
Boreal fires burn into carbon-rich organic soils, thereby releasing large quantities of trace gases and aerosols that influence atmospheric composition and climate. To better understand the factors regulating boreal fire emissions, we developed a statistical model of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: aerosols, trace gases, carbon consumption, fire size, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, organic soils, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, boreal forests
A record of prehistoric and historic burning of carbonaceous materials may be found in the elemental carbon contents of the sedimentary columns. The widespread dissemination of such carbon as microcrystalline graphite is indicated by its presence in atmospheric dusts collected…
Person:
Year: 1973
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, marine sediments, aerosols, ash, charcoal, combustion, coniferous forests, dust, energy, fossils, fuel types, gases, geology, glaciers, hardwood forest, manganese, Mediterranean habitats, minerals, particulates, savannas, sedimentation, soils, soot, temperature, tropical forest, tundra, wildfires, wind, wood chemistry
In this paper, we analyze the current and future status of forests in Ukraine and Belarus that were contaminated after the nuclear disaster in 1986. Using several models, together with remote-sensing data and observations, we studied how climate change in these forests may…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, litter, carbon stock, Chernobyl, climate change, fire risk, Ukraine, Belarus, Cesium-137, redistribution, biomass burning, crown fires, fire intensity, wildfires, C - carbon, cover, distribution, drought, radiation, mortality, remote sensing, snags, fire management, forest management
Savanna ecosystems comprise 22% of the global terrestrial surface and 25% of Australia (almost 1.9 million km2) and provide significant ecosystem services through carbon and water cycles and the maintenance of biodiversity. The current structure, composition and distribution of…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon balance, savannas, Australia, biomass burning, greenhouse gas, climate feedbacks, fire regimes, wildfires, aerosols, air temperature, C - carbon, humidity, precipitation, radiation, wind, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management
Fire-driven deforestation is the major source of carbon emissions from Amazonia. Recent expansion of mechanized agriculture in forested regions of Amazonia has increased the average size of deforested areas, but related changes in fire dynamics remain poorly characterized. We…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, carbon emissions, deforestation, fire activity, land use change, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Amazon, Brazil, agricultural development, soybeans, agriculture, Bolivia, C - carbon, cerrado, croplands, fire frequency, fire management, land use, remote sensing, savannas, season of fire, wildfires, woody fuels
Tropical peatlands have accumulated huge soil carbon over millennia. However, the carbon pool is presently disturbed on a large scale by land development and management, and consequently has become vulnerable. Peat degradation occurs most rapidly and massively in Indonesia,…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon balance, CO2 - carbon dioxide, drainage, groundwater, Indonesia, eddy covariance, peat swamp forest, peat decomposition, wildfires, C - carbon, deforestation, disturbance, soil nutrients, Asia, fire management, land management, smoke management, soil management, peatlands, swamps, tropical forest