Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 4976
Before using a fluid dynamics physically based wildfire model to study wildfire, validation is necessary and model results need to be systematically and objectively analyzed and compared to real fires, which requires suitable data sets. Observational data from the Meteotron…
Person:
Year: 2006
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire plumes, FDS - Fire Dynamics Simulator, Clark coupled model, Meteotron experiment , fire management, fire models, statistical analysis, temperature
Siberian boreal forest fires burn large areas annually, resulting in smoke that releases large amounts of particulate emission into the atmosphere. We sampled aerosol emissions from experimental fires on three Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest sites of central Siberia.…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: experimental fire, PM - particulate matter, Pinus sylvestris, Siberia, Scots pine, aerosol emissions
Periodic fires are a natural phenomenon in fynbos, which is the dominant vegetation type in the Cape floristic region. Fire-stimulated germination has been reported for a number of fynbos species. The promotion of seed germination in the fynbos fire ephemeral, Syncarpha vestita…
Person:
Year: 1993
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: seed germination, South Africa, Cape Floristic Region, plant-derived smoke, Asteraceae, Thymelaeaceae
Faunal injury and mortality in wildland fires is a concern for wildlife and fire management although little work has been done on the mechanisms by which exposures cause their effects. In this paper, we use an integral plume model, field measurements, and models of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: bats, mixed-oak forest, Ohio, Kentucky, plume modelling, Myotis sodalis, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, combustion, fire injuries (humans), fire intensity, fire management, flame length, foliage, forage, habits and behavior, heat, heat effects, Indiana bat, mortality, Myotis spp., national forests, nesting, radiation, rate of spread, season of fire, small mammals, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, threatened and endangered species, toxicity, wildfires, wildlife, wildlife management, wind
The performance of internal combustion engines used in fire fighting equipment can be affected by the fireground ambient conditions. Both gasoline (SI) and diesel (CI) engines can suffer significant power losses due to high temperatures and reduced oxygen in the intake air…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: forest fire, fireground, bushfire, fire engines, internal combustion engine
As required by HB09-1199, Section 25-7-111(5)(a-d) Colorado Revised Statutes, the Colorado Air Pollution Control Division (Air Division) of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment has drafted a report to evaluate its Smoke Management Program (SMP) and provide…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: air quality, Colorado, air pollution reduction, smoke management program, public comment
This document provides a list of publications produced by the Pacific Southwest Research Station from July 1, 2009 - June 30, 2010. It includes series publications, science perspectives, and journal articles and other publications. The topics covered include all aspects of…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather, Social Science, Aquatic
Region(s): California, Hawaii
Keywords: US Forest Service, publications, research publications
We calculate greenhouse-gas emissions from land-use change in Mato Grosso and Rondônia, two states that are responsible for more than half of the deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. In addition to deforestation (clearing of forest), we also estimate clearing rates and emissions…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon, biomass, deforestation, global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, land use change, savannas, tropical forest, Amazon, Brazil, rainforest, agriculture, cerrado, combustion, cover, decay, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, climate change, greenhouse gases, land use, livestock, logging, mosaic, rainforests, soil nutrients, tropical forest, vegetation surveys
Estimates of greenhouse-gas emissions from deforestation are highly uncertain because of high variability in key parameters and because of the limited number of studies providing field measurements of these parameters. One such parameter is burning efficiency, which determines…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon, charcoal, biomass, deforestation, global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, Amazon, Brazil, burning efficiency, rainforest, biomass burning, cutting, decay, deciduous forests, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, forest types, fuel management, climate change, humidity, leaves, litter, logging, population density, sampling, tropical forest, vines
Total particulate matter (PM) emissions were estimated for recent fires (1979-1990) and the presettlement period (prior to 1935) in the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness (SBW) in Idaho and Montana. Recent period emissions were calculated by 10-day periods for surface fire and crown…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: air quality, fire regimes, Idaho, Montana, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness, Abies grandis, coniferous forests, crown fires, fire exclusion, fire management, fire suppression, mountainous terrain, Larix lyallii, Picea engelmannii, pine forests, Pinus albicaulis, Pinus contorta, lodgepole pine, chance ignition prescribed fires, presettlement fires, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, subalpine forests, wilderness fire management
A model for the plume above a line fire in a cross wind is constructed. This problem is shown to reduce to numerically solving a system of 6 coupled ordinary differential equations for given initial conditions that depend upon the fire characteristics. The model is valid above…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: plume trajectories, cross wind, plume temperature, plume velocity, plume width
The aim of this study was to assess the effects on combustion characteristics, and their consequences on nutrient losses, of (1) the change in load and packing ratio of the fuel bed, and (2) the change in fuel moisture content. Eighty-one experimental burns were carried out, on…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: fireline intensity, fuel loading, fuel moisture content, fuel consumption, Pinus pinaster, laboratory experiments, particulate and volatile nutrient losses, laboratory fires, air quality, combustion, fire intensity, fire management, France, fuel moisture, Mediterranean habitats, moisture, needles, nutrients, pine forests, Pinus, statistical analysis, temperature
The extent of biomass burning in the Northern Territory, Australia, during 1992 (a year of low fire activity) was estimated using NOAA-AVHRR satellite imagery and was subsequently used to calculate the emission of gaseous compounds from biomass burning for that year. A total of…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, NOAA-AVHRR, Australia, trace gas emissions, biomass burning, Northern Territory of Australia, Australian tropics, aerosol emissions, Acacia spp., arid regions, biomass, Callitris spp., carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, eucalyptus, fire frequency, fire management planning, gases, grass fire, grasslands, Melaleuca, mosaic, Northern Territory of Australia, perennial plant, season of fire, shrublands, tropical forest, understory vegetation
The mesoscale meteorological model MEMO was applied to a real fire situation, which occurred in the central area of Portugal, with a very complex topography. In order to numerically provide boundary values at a higher temporal and spatial resolution, a one-way nesting technique…
Person:
Year: 1996
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: forest fire, Portugal, wind simulations, mesoscale model, complex terrain, air quality, air temperature, biogeography, climatology, Foehn winds, forest management, gases, humidity, Mediterranean habitats, nesting, rate of spread, sampling, statistical analysis, topography, wildfires, wind
A computational procedure for predicting the buoyant plume above a line fire in a cross wind is reported. The present model takes into account the interaction between the plume and the surrounding flow by solving the two-dimensional equations for the conservation of mass,…
Person:
Year: 1999
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: cross wind, fire impact modeling, buoyant plume
A simplified physical model for the steady-state propagation of an infinite fire front through a uniform forest fuel bed in still air is derived from a mechanistic approach that considers a forest fire as a compressible, reactive and radiative flow through a multiphase medium.…
Person:
Year: 1999
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: forest fire, slope, physical models, convective effects, combustion, convection, Europe, fire management, France, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel models, Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinaster, radiation, rate of spread, sloping terrain, statistical analysis, surface fuels
New estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from Canadian forest fires were calculated based on a revised model for fuel consumption, using both the fire fuel load and the Drought Code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. This model was applied to future climate…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forests, Canada, greenhouse gas emissions, fuel consumption, greenhouse gases, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, cover, drought, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel types, gases, N - nitrogen, particulates, taiga, wildfires
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will implement new regulations for the management of atmospheric particulate matter 2.5 µm and less in diameter (PM2.5), tropospheric ozone, and regional haze in the next few years. These three air quality issues relate…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke management, PM2.5 emissions, air quality regulations
Fire modeling and information system technology play an important supporting role in fuel and fire management. Modeling is used to examine alternative fuel treatment options, project potential ecosystem changes, and assess risk to life and property. Models are also used to…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel models, wildland fire, fire spread, fuel management, air quality, biomass, catastrophic fires, computer program, crown fires, ecosystem dynamics, erosion, fire injuries (plants), evolution, fire management, flame length, fuel loading, fuel types, GIS - geographic information system, mineral soil, ignition, rate of spread, remote sensing, mortality, surface fires, season of fire, thinning, water quality, wildfires, wildlife habitat management
Attitudes and policies concerning wildland fire, fire use, and fire management have changed greatly since early European settlers arrived in North America. Active suppression of wildfires accelerated early in the 20th Century, and areas burned dropped dramatically. In recent…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, fire policy, research needs, fuel management, air quality, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire management planning, fire models, fire regimes, fire suppression, fire weather, fuel loading, GIS - geographic information system, fuel moisture, remote sensing, season of fire, site treatments, smoke management, vegetation surveys, wildfires
An Autonomous Fire Detector (AFD) is a miniature electronic package combining position location capability [using the Global Positioning System (GPS)], communications (packet or voice-synthesized radio), and fire detection capability (thermal, gas, smoke detector) into an…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Intelligence, Logistics, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: remote sensing, fire detection, fire monitoring, field systems, local fire detection, AFD - Autonomous Fire Detector , CO - carbon monoxide, computer program, fire equipment, fire management, fire suppression, fire weather, firefighting personnel, GPS - global positioning system, wildfires, wind
The feasibility and fundamentals of forest fire detection by smoke sensing with single-wavelength lidar are discussed with reference to results of 532-nm lidar measurements of smoke plumes from experimental forest fires in Portugal within the scope of the Gestosa 2001 project.…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, Portugal, Gestosa, fire management, fire suppression, smoke behavior, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires
Fire regimes were reconstructed from fire-scarred trees on five large forested study sites (135-810 ha) on the North and South Rims at Grand Canyon National Park. Adequacy of sampling was tested with cumulative sample curves, effectiveness of fire recording on individual trees,…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: Gambel oak, ponderosa pine, Grand Canyon National Park, mixed conifer, Kaibab Plateau, Coconino Plateau, modern calibration, Abies concolor, Arizona, biogeography, burning intervals, climatology, coniferous forests, dendrochronology, distribution, drought, elevation, European settlement, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire injuries (plants), fire management, fire regimes, fire scar analysis, fire size, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, hardwoods, landscape ecology, national forests, national parks, Native Americans, pine forests, Pinus ponderosa, population density, Populus tremuloides, Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus gambelii, Robinia, sampling, season of fire, smoke management, statistical analysis, surface fires, wilderness fire management, wildfires
Changes in ecological concepts and a new focus on biodiversity as a central objective have led to changes in fire policies in South African savanna parks. Prescribed burning using fixed fire intervals is being replaced by systems that promote more variable fire regimes and…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management planning, fire policy, savannas, South Africa, Kruger National Park, Africa, arid regions, Australia, burning intervals, CO2 - carbon dioxide, community ecology, conservation, cover, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, fuel loading, grasses, grazing, landscape ecology, lightning, mesic soils, mosaic, national parks, overstory, population density, post-fire recovery, species diversity, succession, woody plants
Savannas form a large fraction of the total tropical vegetation and are extremely fire prone. We measured radiative, energy and carbon exchanges over unburned and burned (both before and after low and moderate intensity fires) open forest savanna at Howard Springs, Darwin,…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, albedo, Australia, Northern Territory of Australia, surface energy exchanges, Howard Springs, eddy covariance, biomass, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, char, crown fires, crown scorch, ecosystem dynamics, Eucalyptus miniata, evapotranspiration, Eucalyptus tetrodonta, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, flame length, fuel loading, fuel moisture, fuel types, grasses, grasslands, heat, moisture, nutrient cycling, overstory, post-fire recovery, savannas, scorch, tropical forest, understory vegetation, wildfires, woody fuels