Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 5626 - 5650 of 5842
Changes in climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and fire regimes have been occurring for decades in the global boreal forest, with future climate change likely to increase fire frequency - the primary disturbance agent in most boreal forests. Previous attempts to…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forests, Canada, carbon balance, fire regimes, carbon dynamics, net primary production, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, net biome production, vegetation dominance, Alberta, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, climatology, competition, coniferous forests, conifers, deciduous forests, disturbance, dominance, drainage, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, Manitoba, mosses, Picea mariana, Populus tremuloides, precipitation, Saskatchewan, statistical analysis, temperature, trees, vascular plants, vegetation surveys, wildfires
We grew from seed the exotic invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum L., collected from three elevation ecotypes in northern Nevada, USA. Plants were exposed to four CO2 atmosphere concentrations: 270, 320, 370, and 420 umol mol-1. After harvest on day 87, above-ground tissue was…
Person:
Year: 2006
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: combustion, Forest Products Laboratory, grasses, grasslands, Atriplex spp., wildfires, Bromus, Bromus erectus, Bromus tectorum, Ca - calcium, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, Cercocarpus ledifolius, char, ecosystem dynamics, elevation, fine fuels, fire management, fire regimes, flammability, fuel loading, fuel moisture, heat, humidity, invasive species, lignin, Nevada, manganese, N - nitrogen, K - potassium, Pseudoroegneria, statistical analysis
Recent investigations indicate that wildfires provide a significant flux of mercury (Hg) from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere. However, little is known about how geographic location, climate, stand age, and tree species affect Hg accumulation prior to burning and loss…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildfire, Hg - mercury, Washington, Rex Creek Fire, soil cores
Concentrations of mercury (Hg) in soil profiles and vegetation were examined in unburned areas and in areas recently burned by wildfires of low, medium, and high fire severities in western Wyoming. Paired unburned and burned sampling sites with similar tree species composition,…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: soil, vegetation, wildfires, Hg - mercury, Wyoming, forest fire severity, tree species composition
Fire directly releases carbon (C) to the atmosphere through combustion of biomass. An estimated 1470 +/- 59 km^2 of peatland burns annually in boreal, western Canada, releasing 4.7 +/- 0.6 Tg C to the atmosphere via direct combustion. We quantified within-site variation in…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, Alberta, biomass combustion, boreal, carbon storage, organic matter, peatlands, bogs
A suite of particulate, gaseous and meteorological measurements during the Pittsburgh Supersite experiment were used to characterize the impact of the 2002 Quebec wildfires on pollutant concentrations and physical and chemical processes dominant in the region. Temporal trends in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, boreal fire, pollutant concentrations, Quebec, 2002 wildfires, fire emissions, urban emissions
Wildfire is a common occurrence in ecosystems of northern high latitudes, and changes in the fire regime of this region have consequences for carbon feedbacks to the climate system. To improve our understanding of how wildfire influences carbon dynamics of this region, we used…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: ecosystem modeling, Eurasia, boreal carbon dynamics
Since 1977, the extent of forest wildfires in the boreal and western regions of North America increased by 6 to 9x over long-term trends, and an estimated 132x106 ha of temperate and boreal forest burned across the northern hemisphere. Emissions during and after burning may have…
Person:
Year: 1993
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, forest fire, carbon budget, carbon emissions, global warming, air quality, bibliographies, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, climatology, combustion, conifers, decay, decomposition, deforestation, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire models, fire regimes, fire size, gases, climate change, hardwood forest, soils, temperate forests, temperature, tropical forest, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wood
Twenty papers are presented from the conference convened jointly by the International Boreal Forest Research Association and the Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program. A further 9 papers will be published in a special issue of Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire, productivity, regeneration, succession, carbon emissions, climate change, disturbance regime, global change, peatland, permafrost
The information presented in this paper is directed to those concerned with the disposal of agricultural wastes. The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise, up to date report on the approaches followed by the various states in dealing with the disposal of agricultural…
Person:
Year: 1974
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Eastern, Rocky Mountain, Southern
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, burning permits, CO - carbon monoxide, croplands, fire management, firing techniques, human caused fires, hydrocarbons, N - nitrogen
From the text: 'Despite the relative paucity of results, what may be concluded on a more positive note concerning nutrient cycling in heathlands and related shrublands? One conclusion is that nutrients in rainfall alone may, in some cases, be sufficient to balance any losses…
Person:
Year: 1981
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: ash, Australia, Banksia, biomass, calcium, Calluna, England, Erica, erosion, Europe, fire intensity, grazing, heathlands, iron, litter, microorganisms, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, nutrients, phosphate, phosphorus, precipitation, runoff, shrublands, soil erosion, soil leaching, soil moisture, soil nutrients, soils, storms, S - sulfur, temperature, translocation, wildfires, Xanthorrhoea
This paper is directed to those interested in emissions from forest fires as they may impact on air quality. There are several different types of forest fires, each with distinct sets of emission characteristics. Emission factors for combustion products vary widely with fire…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, backing fires, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, chemical elements, combustion, evapotranspiration, fire intensity, fire management, flammability, Florida, fuel management, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, Georgia, hardwood forests, headfires, hydrocarbons, ignition, Ilex glabra, needles, N - nitrogen, organic matter, particulates, pine forests, Pinus elliottii, pollution, residence time, Serenoa repens, smoke behavior, smoke management, water, wildfires
A field study on grass field burning was conducted in the Willamette Valley of Oregon during the summer of 1965. Approximately 230,000 acres of grass field are burned in the valley during August and September. Serious air pollution problems result from this burning. The purposes…
Person:
Year: 1966
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, air temperature, arthropods, ash, combustion, croplands, decomposition, distribution, experimental fires, fuel management, fuel moisture, grass fires, grasses, grasslands, humidity, insects, land management, Lolium, moisture, N - nitrogen, Oregon, organic matter, particulates, plant diseases, pollution, slash and burn, soil moisture, temperature, wind
This paper is directed to those interested in techniques for measuring emission rates and emission factors for forest fires and other open combustion sources. A source-sampling procedure that involved the use of a vertical array of lightweight, battery-operated instruments…
Person:
Year: 1979
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Great Basin, Southwest
Keywords: air quality, Arizona, C - carbon, combustion, dead fuels, field experimental fires, fire equipment, fire management, gases, headfires, humidity, low intensity burns, N - nitrogen, Ohio, particulates, rate of spread, sampling, smoke behavior, smoke management, temperature, wind
From the introduction ... 'This report describes and presents the results of four groups of experiments designed to obtain information on some facets of N2 fixation. The objectives of these experiments were to: (1) Determine N2 fixation potential for a number of Coastal Plain…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: bacteria, chemical compounds, coastal forests, coastal plain, energy, fertilization, fertilizers, fire exclusion, fire management, gases, litter, minerals, moisture, N - nitrogen, nitrogen fixation, North Carolina, nutrients, phosphorus, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, plantations, sampling, savannas, season of fire, site treatments, soil management, soil moisture, soil organisms, soils, South Carolina, statistical analysis, swamps
In-flight measurements of the following parameters have been carried out in the smoke from prescribed fires: carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, integrated light scattering coefficient and ultraviolet radiation intensity. One fire (in…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, ash, Australia, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chemistry, fire intensity, fire management, light, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, radiation, sampling, smoke management, SO2 - sulfur dioxide, Victoria, western Australia
Pollutant production due to the combustion of forest slash material has been determined from measurements obtained for controlled field burns. Temporal and spatial concentrations of CO2 and total particulate were measured during flights of an instrumented aircraft through the…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, clearcutting, combustion, coniferous forests, duff, fire management, fuel inventory, fuel management, fuel moisture, fuel types, hydrogen, laboratory fires, Larix occidentalis, logging, moisture, Montana, needles, N - nitrogen, particulates, pollution, Pseudotsuga menziesii, sampling, slash, smoke management, statistical analysis, US Forest Service
From the text ... 'About 5 million tons of tree bark were produced in 1966 as 'waste' from the Pacific Northwest wood products industry, more than two-thirds of which (table 1) came from Oregon and Washington. If all this bark were to be concentrated in one place, the resulting…
Person:
Year: 1969
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Economics
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: Abies spp., agriculture, air quality, ash, bark, C - carbon, chemistry, cover, decomposition, extractives, forest management, forest products, hardwood forests, N - nitrogen, Oregon, organic matter, Picea, pine forests, Pinus ponderosa, pollution, Sequoia sempervirens, Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla, Washington, wood
From the text... 'The energy crisis cannot be alleviated at the expense of ecology: vet, denying problems inherent to economic development, such as those of establishing nuclear power plants, is sheer romanticism.. instead, ecologists should provide alternative solutions to the…
Person:
Year: 1981
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Economics, Fire Ecology
Region(s): California, Great Basin, International
Keywords: Africa, Australia, biomass, catastrophic fires, Chile, energy, Europe, fire damage (property), fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, grazing, Greece, herbaceous vegetation, livestock, magnesium, Mediterranean habitats, mining, N - nitrogen, plantations, pollution, post fire recovery, K - potassium, South Africa, South America, species diversity (animals), species diversity (plants), statistical analysis, temperature, wildfires, woody plants
Major aspects of the circulation through the atmostpheric environment of a number of gaseous nitrogen pollutants have been estimated, including source magnitudes, residual atmospheric concentrations,and scavenging processes. The compounds considered include the major nitrogen…
Person:
Year: 1970
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, chemistry, N - nitrogen, nitrogen fixation, pollution, urban habitats
We have used the high optical absorptivity of urban and source particulates to trace their ‘graphitic” component. The optical absorptivity and the particu late carbon loading show a strong correlation. Analyses of the data indicate that primary soot emissions compose a major…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, Illinois, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, soot, statistical analysis, S - sulfur, urban habitats
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1963
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: age classes, Calluna vulgaris, chemistry, Europe, fire intensity, Great Britain, heat effects, heathlands, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, range management, seedlings, temperature
From the text...'Global change, the combined effect of human activity on atmospheric and landscape processes (Vitousek 1994), affects all aspects of fire management. Scientists have documented changes in the global carbon cycle due to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models, Social Science, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, bark, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, biomass, Canada, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chemistry, community ecology, coniferous forests, cover, deserts, distribution, European settlement, fire frequency, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, fragmentation, climate change, grasslands, grazing, herbaceous vegetation, herbivory, Idaho, land use, landscape ecology, livestock, mining, Montana, mortality, Native Americans, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, post fire recovery, precipitation, regeneration, rural communities, species diversity (plants), subalpine forests, tundra, urban habitats, vegetation surveys, wilderness areas, wildfires, woody plants
Traditional biogeochernical theories suggest that ecosystem nitrogen retention is controlled by biotic N limitation, that stream N losses should increase with successional age, and that increasing N deposition will accelerate this process. These theories ignore the role of…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: Abies balsamea, Acer saccharum, air quality, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula papyrifera, biogeochemical cycles, C - carbon, chemistry, cover, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, Fagus grandifolia, forest management, hardwood forests, logging, mountains, New England, New Hampshire, New York, N - nitrogen, old growth forests, Picea rubens, Pinus strobus, Populus, slash, soil leaching, streamflow, streams, succession, Tsuga canadensis, watersheds
The classes of primary chemical products naturally produced by the combustion of forest fuels are: carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, methane and non-methane hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, aldehydes, free…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, arthropods, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, chemical compounds, chemistry, combustion, Dendroctonus frontalis, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, fuel types, grasslands, hardwood forests, health factors, herbaceous vegetation, herbicides, humidity, hydrocarbons, insecticides, insects, integrated pest management, land management, litter, logging, CH4 - methane, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, pesticides, Piedmont, public information, site treatments, slash, smoke effects, smoke management, S - sulfur, understory vegetation, water, wildfires, wildland fuels, wildlife habitat management, air quality, herbicides, insecticides, pesticides