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Topic
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Displaying 251 - 275 of 5837
The American Lung Association recently released a report titled "Can Prescribed Fire Mitigate Health Harm? A Review of Air Quality and Public Health Implications of Wildfire and Prescribed Fire." This report, commissioned by the American Lung Association and written by PSE…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: health risk, air quality risk, catastrophic wildfire, lung health, wildfire smoke exposure, harmful smoke exposure
As wildfires increase in prevalence and intensity across California and globally, it is anticipated that more children will be exposed to wildfire smoke, and thus face associated adverse health outcomes. Here, we provide a concise summary of the respiratory effects of California…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: pediatric, healthcare, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, respiratory effects, respiratory health, wildfires, smoke exposure, AQI - Air Quality Index
Studies of the emissions from wildland fires are important for understanding the role of these events in the production, transport, and fate of emitted gases and particulate matter, and, consequently, their impact on atmospheric and ecological processes, and on human health and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: biomass burning, combustion, fuel selection criteria, wildland fire, wildfire, air quality, public health
Oregon Health Authority and the University of Oregon partnered to conduct a survey-based evaluation of wildfire smoke communications and impacts experienced by Oregon residents during the 2020 wildfire season. The purpose of this survey was to (1) understand how Oregonians…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: 2020 fire season, Oregon, survey, wildfire smoke exposure, public health, preparedness, smoke event
Firefighters are occupationally exposed to an array of hazardous chemicals, and these exposures have been linked to the higher rates of some cancer in firefighters. However, additional research that characterizes firefighters' exposure is needed to fully elucidate the impacts on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighter, wristband, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, exposure, on-duty, polyfluoroalkyl substances, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, SVOC - semi-volatile organic compounds
Wildland firefighters are exposed to smoke-containing particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) while suppressing wildfires. From 2015 to 2017, the U.S. Forest Service conducted a field study collecting breathing zone measurements of PM4 (particulate matter…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildland firefighters, PM - particulate matter, VOC - volatile organic compounds, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen, smoke exposure, wildfires
Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) was a NOAA/NASA collaborative campaign conducted during the summer of 2019. The objectives included identifying and quantifying wildfire composition, smoke evolution, and climate and health impacts of…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest
Keywords: Idaho, Washington, wildfire, VOC - volatile organic compounds, benzene, health risk, FIREX‐AQ - Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality
The increased frequency of wildfires in the Western United States has raised public awareness of the impact of wildfire smoke on air quality and human health. Exposure to wildfire smoke has been linked to an increased risk of cancer and cardiorespiratory morbidity. Evidence-…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Seattle, Washington, PM2.5, air quality, human health
This paper presents new evidence of the causal effect of air pollution on Australian health outcomes, using the Black Saturday bushfires (BSB) in 2009 as a natural experiment. This event was one of the largest bushfires in Australian history and emitted approximately four…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, air pollution, Black Saturday Bushfire, public health, CO2 - carbon dioxide, health impacts
Wildfire activity is increasing in parts of the world where extreme drought and warming temperatures contribute to fireprone conditions, including the western United States. The elderly are among the most vulnerable, and those in long-term care with preexisting conditions have…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: elder health, human health, indoor air quality, long-term care, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, wildfire, smoke exposure
Devastating forest fires occurred in the southwestern part of Turkey in summer 2021. Besides the fire itself, air quality standards also drastically dropped. Mugla and Antalya were affected the most by the forest fires. Also, precipitable water vapour (PWV) values show different…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Turkey, GPS - global positioning system, PWV - precipitable water vapor, PM - particulate matter, PM10, forest fires, air quality
Wildfires are increasing and cause health effects. The immediate and ongoing health impacts of prolonged wildfire smoke exposure in severe asthma are unknown. This longitudinal study examined the experiences and health impacts of prolonged wildfire (bushfire) smoke exposure in…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, asthma, PM - particulate matter, bushfire smoke, health impacts
Wildfires are particularly prevalent in the Western United States, home to more than 2 million dairy cows that produce more than 25% of the nation's milk. Wildfires emit fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in smoke, which is a known air toxin and is thought to contribute to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: Idaho, air quality, PM - particulate matter, hematological, cows, PM2.5
We analyzed the dynamics of pollutant emissions from wildfires in mainland China from 2001 to 2019 using MODIS fire products combined with the measurements of emission factors of different vegetation types. The biomass distribution in Mainland China has heterogeneous temporal…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, wildfires, emission factors, pollutant, Modis Imagery, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a significant class of indoor air pollutants and are known for their adverse effects on health. A common strategy to reduce indoor VOC levels is to use sorbents, including activated carbons (ACs). The amount of activated carbon is critical…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: indoor air purification, VOC - volatile organic compounds, activated carbon, wildfires, air pollutants, human health
Tropical forests provide essential environmental services to human well-being. In the world, Brazil has the largest continuous area of these forests. However, in the state of Maranhão, in the eastern Amazon, only 24% of the original forest cover remains. We integrated and…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, deforestation, climate change, carbon emissions, land conversion, Amazon, forest fragmentation, forest cover
We analyzed NO2 and O3 data from 32 U.S. non-attainment areas (NAAs) for 1995–2020. Since 1995, all regions have shown steady reductions in NO2 and the weekend-weekday pattern indicates that the O3 production regime in most NAAs has transitioned to a NOx-limited regime, while a…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: O3 - ozone, NO - nitrogen oxide, NOx, wildfires, COVID-19, air quality, non-attainment area
During the summer of 2017, multiple huge fires occurred on Mount Vesuvius (Italy), dispersing a large quantity of ash in the surrounding area ensuing the burning of tens of hectares of Mediterranean scrub. The fires affected a very large area of the Vesuvius National Park and…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Italy, biomass burning, PM - particulate matter, aerosol, LiDAR, optical properties, Vesuvius National Park, Italy
Recently, the effect of large-scale fires on the global environment has attracted attention. Satellite observation data are used for global estimation of fire CO2 emissions, and available data sources are increasing. Although several CO2 emission inventories have already been…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: CO2 emissions, CO2 - carbon dioxide, biomass burning, fire map, land cover map, aboveground biomass
Background
Exposure to landscape fire smoke (LFS) is linked to child mortality and birthweight. It is unknown whether gestational exposure to LFS affects child survival rate. We aimed to link under-five death (U5D) to gestational LFS exposure by performing a causal mediation…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: landscape fire, children, human health, birthweight, risk assessment, mediation analysis, low- and middle-income countries, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, gestational exposure
Large ash plumes emitted by the 2019–2020 Australian wildfires were associated with a widespread phytoplankton bloom in the iron-limited Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. In this study, we used satellite observations and aerosol reanalysis products to study the regional…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: phytoplankton, aerosols, wildfires, remote sensing, nutrient cycling, iron, fertilization, Southern Ocean, 2019/2020 Australian wildfires
Uncontrolled wildfires in Australian temperate Eucalyptus forests produce significant smoke emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulates. Emissions from fires in these ecosystems, however, have received less research attention than the fires in North American…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, Australia, PM - particulate matter, pyroCb, eucalyptus, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, FullCAM, CO2 - carbon dioxide, PM2.5, fire severity
Savanna fire management is a topic of global debate, with early dry season burning promoted as a large-scale emissions reduction opportunity. To date, discussions have centred on carbon abatement efficacy, biodiversity and cultural benefits and/or risks. Here we use a case study…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon abatement, savanna fire, northern Australia, PM - particulate matter, air pollution, air quality, tropical savannas, PM2.5
Air pollution is a lethal global threat. To mitigate the effects of air pollution, we must first understand it, find its patterns and correlations, and predict it in advance. Air pollution is highly dependent on spatial and temporal correlations of prior meteorological, wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: air pollution, prediction, spatiotemporal modelling, LSTM - long short-term memory, deep convolutional neural network model, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, remote sensing, satellite imagery, wildfire, heat data, meteorological data, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, TROPOMI - TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument
Confirmed rise in average surface temperature and consequent prolonged dry days in tropical Himalayan foothills (tarai region) favors frequent wildfire event which make susceptible to the local forest vegetation and ecology. Recent improvement in spatio-temporal resolution of…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: India, forest fires, aerosols, NBRT - Normalized Burn Ratio Thermal, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, CALIPSO, remote sensing