Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 138
Unusually high levels of
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, biomass, biomass burning, broadcast burning, cropland fires, Europe, fire management, forest management, pollen, pollution, remote sensing, Russia, statistical analysis, United Kingdom, wildfires, wind, atmospheric dispersion modelling, forest fires, long-range transport, pollution
Recent studies have shown that emissions of mercury (Hg), a hazardous air pollutant, from fires can be significant. However, to date, these emissions have not been well-quantified for the entire United States. Daily emissions of Hg from fires in the lower 48 states of the United…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: air quality, boreal forests, coniferous forests, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, grasslands, Hg - mercury, smoke management, statistical analysis, toxicity, wildfires
This study investigated particle size distributions from the burning of several grass species, under controlled laboratory conditions, and also in the field, conducted during the dry season in the Northern Territory, Australia. The laboratory study simulated conditions such as…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: Aristida, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, distribution, field experimental fires, fire intensity, fire management, grass fires, grasses, grasslands, laboratory fires, litter, national parks, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, range management, savannas, season of fire, statistical analysis, biomass burning, particle size distribution, Northern Territory of Australia, airborne measurement, vertical profile
Much of the public's attitude toward wildland fire as an important part of natural processes has been misguided, sometimes through programs perpetuating fear and misunderstanding of the vital role of fire in wildlands. Results presented here were part of a larger study that…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: education, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fuel management, land management, public information, rangelands, recreation, sampling, smoke management, Tennessee, thinning, wildfires, wildland fuels, wildlife
Pines (genus Pinus) form the dominant tree cover over large parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Human activities have affected the distribution, composition, and structure of pine forests for millennia. Different human-mediated factors have affected different pine species in…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, browse, conservation, cover, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, fire exclusion, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, forest management, grazing, logging, paleoecology, pine forests, pine, Pinus, pollution, wildfires, air pollution, biological invasions, conservation, land use
Fire is one of the key disturbances affecting trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest ecosystems within western Canadian wildlands, including Elk Island National Park in central Alberta, Canada. Although prescribed fire is a tool available to modify aspen forests, a…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Alberta, Canada, combustion, coniferous forests, disturbance, droughts, duff, ecosystem dynamics, experimental fires, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, fuel moisture, ground fires, ignition, moisture, national parks, plant communities, plant growth, Populus, Populus tremuloides, rate of spread, sampling, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, FWI - Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System, ground fire, subsurface fire
The Southwest of Western Australia is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. In the jarrah forest there are at least 300-400 plant species in vegetation that is typically mined and as many as 1163 species per 0.1 ha. Hence, restoring the plant species to post-mining areas is…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: Allocasuarina fraseriana, Australia, Banksia littoralis, Corymbia, Eucalyptus marginata, forest management, Hakea, heat, jarrah, Melaleuca, mining, orchids, population density, resprouting, sclerophyll forests, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, species diversity (plants), succession, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, western Australia, wildfires, bauxite mining, species composition, species richness, vegetation, western Australia
The present paper reviews a long-term fire experiment in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, established in 1954 to support fire management. The paper's goals are: (1) to assess learning, with a focus on relevance for fire management; (2) to examine how findings influenced…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, ecosystem dynamics, experimental areas, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, forest management, herbaceous vegetation, insects, mammals, mortality, mosaic, mycorrhiza, national parks, N - nitrogen, physiology, precipitation, range management, savannas, season of fire, small mammals, soil nutrients, soils, South Africa, vegetation surveys, woody plants, elephants, fire season, Kruger National Park
Fire is a frequent perturbation in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, altering soil organic matter turnover. In a Mediterranean shrubland subjected to experimental fire, soil CO2 emissions were measured over an annual cycle in burned and unburned sites using static chambers. Some…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Arbutus unedo, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, ecosystem dynamics, Europe, experimental areas, fire management, Italy, Mediterranean habitats, Myrtus communis, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, organic matter, pH, Phillyrea, Pistacia lentiscus, post-fire recovery, Quercus ilex, range management, shrublands, soil management, soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil temperature, statistical analysis, temperature, water, water uptake, experimental fire, metabolic quotient, priming effect, soil organic matter mineralization, soil water content, Mediterranean shrublands
Throughout Australia's biogeographical history, the vegetation over most of the continent has experienced a long and complex evolutionary relationship with fire. Many of the vegetative forms that have evolved over time, and which are uniquely Australian, rely on fire to complete…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, ecosystem dynamics, fire control, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, germination, histories, introduced species, native species (plants), New South Wales, population density, range management, sampling, seed germination, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, species diversity (plants), temperature, urban habitats, vegetation surveys
This paper details some of the recent research findings concerning restoration needs of the Banksia woodland in Western Australia, including the importance of, and recent advances in, smoke-technology research. Research has enabled testing of a wide spectrum of restoration…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: aerosols, artificial regeneration, Australia, Banksia, coastal plain, erosion, fertilizers, fire frequency, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, fragmentation, germination, herbicides, litter, plant communities, plant growth, regeneration, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, soil management, soils, species diversity (plants), weeds, western Australia, wildfires, wind
The germination rate in the nursery of Pomaderris hamiltonii and P. kumeraho has been observed to be low. Poor germination for a number of species can be due to a range of seed dormancy mechanisms. Five different dormancy-breaking treatments were trialled. Scarification using…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: artificial regeneration, germination, heat, heat effects, New Zealand, Pomaderris, rainforests, reproduction, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, water, Pomaderris hamiltonii, Pomaderris kumeraho, pale-flowered kumarahou, Rhamnaceae, dormancy, germination, scarification, sulphuric acid, heat, boiling water
A risk assessment framework was used to assess the risks of forest fire smoke (ffs) to the exposed communities, critical infrastructures and the environment. The present work is focused on the planning and problem formulation phases of this risk assessment procedure.…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, chemical compounds, fire management, firefighting personnel, gases, hydrocarbons, particulates, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, toxicity, wildfires, wind, forest fire smoke, data integration, field chemical data, risk assessment, firefighters
Fire plays a critical role in breaking hard-seeded dormancy and establishing seedlings of several Acacia species in arid and semi-arid regions. Numerous studies have reported an increase in seedling densities of some Acacias after fire without identifying the exact cause.…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Acacia spp., Australia, fire management, germination, heat, light, population density, post fire recovery, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, post fire, seedling emergence, stimulation
Karrikins (2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-ones) are potent smoke-derived germination promoters for a diverse range of plant species but, to date, their mode of action remains unknown. This paper reports the structure activity relationship of numerous karrikin analogues to increase…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, germination, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, smoke management, western Australia, karrikinolide, karrikin, seed germination, seed dormancy, germination stimulant
• Background and Aims Tersonia cyathiflora (Gyrostemonaceae) is a fire ephemeral with an obligate requirement for smoke to germinate. Whether it is stimulated to germinate by 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one (karrikinolide, KAR1), the butenolide isolated from smoke that…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, fire sensitive plants, germination, Grevillea, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, Stylidium, Tersonia, western Australia, butenolide, germination, karrikinolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2, 3-c]pyran-2-one, Grevillea, Stylidium, Tersonia cyathiflora, Gyrostemonaceae
High-frequency thermocouple measurements were made during an experimental grass fire conducted during ideal weather with overcast and windy conditions. Analysis of the thermodynamic structure of the fire plume showed that a maximum plume temperature of 295.2°C was measured…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air temperature, combustion, crown fires, experimental fires, fire management, flame length, grasses, grasslands, heat, rate of spread, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, temperature, Texas, wildfires, wind, grass fire, thermocouples, fire plumes
Prescribed fires can be used as a forest management tool to reduce the severity of wildfires. Thus, over prolonged and repeated periods, firefighters are exposed to toxic air contaminants. This work consisted in collecting and analyzing smoke released by typical Mediterranean…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: chemical compounds, Corsica, Europe, fire intensity, fire management, firefighting personnel, forest management, France, fuel loading, health factors, hydrocarbons, pine forests, sampling, smoke effects, smoke management, toxicity, wildfires, wind, air quality, BTEXs, firefighter exposure, forest fire smoke, SVOC - semi-volatile organic compounds, VOC - volatile organic compounds, Mediterranean, firefighter health
From the text ... 'Today, land managers use controlled or 'prescribed' burning to improve wildlife habitat and reduce the risk of dangerous fires. Wildfire, on the other hand, can threaten life and property of both people and wildlife especially when it occurs with little notice…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air temperature, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, firebreaks, firefighting personnel, forest management, humidity, lightning caused fires, smoke management, soil moisture, wildfires, wildlife, wind
On the morning of 2 June 2002, an abandoned campfire grew into a wildfire in the Double Trouble State Park in east-central New Jersey, USA. The wildfire burned 526 ha (1300 acres) and forced the closure of the Garden State Parkway for several hours due to dense smoke. In…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: air temperature, backfires, dead fuels, evolution, fire case histories, fire control, fire damage (property), fire growth, fire management, fire size, fire suppression, fuel moisture, humidity, New Jersey, rate of spread, recreation related fires, state parks, statistical analysis, wildfires, wind, fire-weather forecasting, Double Trouble State Park, meteorological factors
A survey of the biodiversity of wild macrofungi, including edible species yields, was carried out from 1 May to 30 September 2007 at four different forest types (in mainly Miang tea forest). The plots 100 m2, comprised a tea garden with a few planted canopy tree species (37.2%…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, Asia, cover, fire injuries (plants), fire management, forest management, forest types, fungi, humidity, litter, overstory, Thailand, trees, wildfires, Basidiomycetes, burning, diversity, sustainable forestry, Thailand
An understanding of soil seed bank processes is crucial for understanding vegetation dynamics, particularly in ecosystems experiencing frequent disturbance. This paper examines seed bank dynamics in a tropical savanna in northern Australia, an environment characterised by…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, disturbance, experimental fires, fire frequency, fire management, forbs, forest management, grasses, heat, legumes, Northern Territory of Australia, population density, precipitation, savannas, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, soil temperature, species diversity (plants), sprouting, temperature, tropical forests, vegetation surveys, wildfires, seed bank, grass-layer, germination
• Background and Aims The role of fire as a germination cue for Mediterranean Basin (MB) plants is still unclear. The current idea is that heat stimulates germination mainly in Cistaceae and Fabaceae and that smoke has a limited role as a post-fire germination cue, in comparison…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Ericaceae, Europe, experimental areas, Fabaceae, fire management, germination, heat, heat effects, Mediterranean habitats, plant communities, plant growth, post fire recovery, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, smoke management, Spain, woody plants, post-fire germination, heat treatments, Mediterranean basin, smoke treatments, seedling growth, Cistaceae, Fabaceae, Ericaceae, Lamiaceae, Linaceae, Scrophulariaceae , Primulaceae
A new dataset of emissions of trace gases and particles resulting from biomass burning has been developed for the historical and the recent period (1900-2005). The purpose of this work is to provide a consistent gridded emissions dataset of atmospheric chemical species from 1900…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, carbon dioxide, cover, ENSO, fire management, gases, mosaic, particulates, remote sensing, savannas, tropical forests, wildfires, climate change, gases, particles, biomass burning, burnt areas, historical, satellite
This review compiled the data from recent actual and simulation studies on toxic emissions from open burning and categorized into sources, broadly as biomass and anthropogenic fuels. Emission factors, in mass of pollutant per mass of material being burned, and actual…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, charcoal, combustion, cropland fires, fire danger rating, fire management, fuel management, human caused fires, hydrocarbons, incendiary fires, Japan, land management, particulates, recreation related fires, smoke effects, toxicity, water, wildfires, open burning, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particulate matter, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, Fs, toxic emissions