Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 176 - 194 of 194
Mercury emissions from wildfires are significant natural sources of atmospheric mercury, but little is known about what controls speciation of emissions important to mercury deposition processes. The goal of this study was to quantify gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Adenostoma, air quality, Arctostaphylos, biomass, C - carbon, combustion, fire management, fuel management, fuel moisture, leaves, Hg - mercury, moisture, needles, Oryza sativa, particulates, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, Sabal palmetto, S - sulfur, wildfires
Some model experiments predict a large-scale substitution of Amazon forest by savannah-like vegetation by the end of the twenty-first century. Expanding global demands for biofuels and grains, positive feedbacks in the Amazon forest fire regime and drought may drive a faster…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Economics, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, Amazon, Brazil, C - carbon, deforestation, droughts, ENSO, fire control, fire regimes, forest fragmentation, forest management, climate change, land use, logging, mortality, South America, temperature, tropical forests, wildfires, deforestation, biofuel, feedbacks, globalization, global warming
Emissions of aerosol from biomass burning in northern Australia are globally significant, yet existing estimates of their magnitude are essentially unconstrained by observation. This two-part series (see Part II by Luhar et al. [2008. Biomass burning emissions over northern…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, brush fires, C - carbon, distribution, fire danger rating, fire management, fire scar analysis, fuel loading, Northern Territory of Australia, radiation, remote sensing, savannas, season of fire, spot fires, statistical analysis, tropical regions, western Australia, bushfire emissions, fire scars, hotspots, TAPM, Modis data, aerosol loading, air quality in northern territory, Top End
An unanticipated wind shift led to the advection of plumes from two prescribed burning sites that impacted Atlanta, GA, producing a heavy smoke event late in the afternoon on February 28, 2007. Observed PM2.5 concentrations increased to over 140 mg/m3 and O3 concentrations up to…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, ecosystem dynamics, fire case histories, fire hazard reduction, fire management, forest management, gases, Georgia, ozone, K - potassium, rate of spread, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, temperature, urban habitats, wildfires, wind
Past atmospheric methane concentrations show strong fluctuations in parallel to rapid glacial climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere1,2 superimposed on a glacial-interglacial doubling of methane concentrations3-5. The processes driving the observed fluctuations remain…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, C - carbon, Europe, forest management, CH4 - methane, wetlands
Bulk aerosols sampled on a weekly basis at two Cairo (Egypt) urban sites from January 2003 to May 2006 were analysed for their chemical composition of major aerosol species (elemental carbon, water soluble/insoluble organic carbon, nitrate, Sulphate, ammonium, Chloride, sodium…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Africa, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, calcium, C - carbon, dust, Egypt, fire management, smoke management, sodium, statistical analysis, storms, water, aerosol chemical composition, dust material, biomass burning, WSOC - water soluble organic carbon, greater Cairo
The major condensible products (-45ºC) from smoldering combustion of ponderosa pine sapwood have been identified and quantified. Methylene chloride extracts of the condensate, as well as nonextracted condensate, were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MC). Non-…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, char, chemical compounds, combustion, fire management, fuel management, gases, Pinus ponderosa, plant physiology, toxicity, volatilization, wildfires, wood, semi-volatile compounds, air toxics, smoldering combustion, biomass burning, ponderosa pine, chemical analysis, gas chromatography
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Planning, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: Abies concolor, air quality, C - carbon, coniferous forests, crown fires, crowns, distribution, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, energy, fire adaptations (plants), fire case histories, fire control, fire damage (property), fire frequency, fire injuries (humans), fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire protection, fire regimes, fuel appraisal, fuel management, Georgia, grasslands, hardwoods, herbaceous vegetation, ignition, landscape ecology, light, logging, mortality, national forests, overstory, physics, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus radiata, Pinus sabiniana, private lands, Quercus agrifolia, Quercus douglasii, statistical analysis, surface fires, US Forest Service, Umbellularia californica, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, fire management, landscapes, decision analysis, fire perimeter, SHORT INTERVAL FIRE-ADAPTED FOREST SYSTEMS, FOUNTAIN FIRE, SHASTA COUNTY, CA, Oakland-Berkeley Hills Fire
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fuels, Mapping, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: air quality, biomass, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, catastrophic fires, combustion, coniferous forests, crown fires, dead fuels, decomposition, duff, ecosystem dynamics, energy, fire case histories, fire danger rating, fire dependent species, fire intensity, fire protection, fire size, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel types, gases, Georgia, headfires, lightning caused fires, litter, live fuels, CH4 - methane, Montana, needles, organic matter, overstory, particulates, photography, scorch, smoke management, surface fires, surface fuels, US Forest Service, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wildland fuels, Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park, PM - particulate matter, greenhouse gases, biomass burning, ERC - Energy Release Component, aerial photography, fire dependent ecosystem, fire patterns, NFDRS - National Fire Danger Rating System, nonmethane hydrocarbons, Canyon Creek Fire, Sundance Fire, Tillamook Fire
Direct evidence of the effects of intense wildfire on forest soil is rare because reliable prefire data are lacking. By chance, an established large-scale experiment was partially burned in the 2002 Biscuit fire in southwestern Oregon. About 200 grid points were sampled across…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: age classes, Arbutus menziesii, Canada, C - carbon, Chrysolepis, coniferous forests, erosion, fire case histories, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, gases, greenhouse gases, heavy fuels, Lithocarpus densiflorus, litter, mineral soils, mortality, N - nitrogen, Oregon, Pinus attenuata, Pinus lambertiana, post fire recovery, Pseudotsuga menziesii, soil management, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soils, statistical analysis, thinning, wildfires, wildlife, wood, woody fuels
Meteorological conditions, extremely conducive to fire development and spread in the spring of 1987, resulted in forest fires burning over extremely large areas in the boreal forest zone in northeastern China and the southeastern region of Siberia. The great China fire, one of…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, China, gas emissions, satellite imagery, Siberia
Aerosols from wildfires are the primary aerosols in the Arctic atmosphere during the summer months. These aerosols occur in large, increasing quantities and impact the sensitive radiative balance in the Arctic. FROSTFIRE, a controlled burn in a Long-Term Ecological Research Area…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, wildfire, Arctic, flaming phase, Frostfire, permafrost, smoke aerosols, aerosol impactor, smoldering phase
Recent investigations indicate that wildfires provide a significant flux of mercury (Hg) from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere. However, little is known about how geographic location, climate, stand age, and tree species affect Hg accumulation prior to burning and loss…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildfire, Hg - mercury, Washington, Rex Creek Fire, soil cores
A suite of particulate, gaseous and meteorological measurements during the Pittsburgh Supersite experiment were used to characterize the impact of the 2002 Quebec wildfires on pollutant concentrations and physical and chemical processes dominant in the region. Temporal trends in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, boreal fire, pollutant concentrations, Quebec, 2002 wildfires, fire emissions, urban emissions
We present estimates of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission from worldwide biomass burning totaling ~13 Tg N yr-1 on a 1 degree longitude by 1 degree latitude grid. Roughly 80 percent of these emissions occur in the zone from 25N to 25 degrees S. The inventory presented here is…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Africa, air quality, Asia, biomass, croplands, forest types, fuel types, grasslands, N - nitrogen, pollution, precipitation, rainforests, scrub, South America, Southeast Asia, tundra
It is possible to delimit the areas of the North, Central, and South America that are most susceptible to fire and would have been most affected by burning practices of early Americans. Areas amounting to approximately 155 x 105 km² are here designated as the most burnable part…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: agriculture, biomass, broadcast burning, C - carbon, Canada, Central America, charcoal, chemical elements, disturbance, European settlement, fire frequency, grasslands, human caused fires, land management, Mexico, Native Americans, particulates, presettlement fires, smoke effects, South America, topography
Spatial trends in pre-industrial biomass burning emissions for eastern North America were reconstructed from sediment charcoal data. Petrographic thin sections were prepared from varved lake sediments along a transect of sites extending from NW Minnesota eastward to NE Maine.…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: air quality, biomass, C - carbon, charcoal, combustion, coniferous forests, European settlement, fire regimes, hardwood forests, land use, Maine, Minnesota, New England, paleobotany, particulates, prairies, presettlement fires
Fire-driven deforestation is the major source of carbon emissions from Amazonia. Recent expansion of mechanized agriculture in forested regions of Amazonia has increased the average size of deforested areas, but related changes in fire dynamics remain poorly characterized. We…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, carbon emissions, deforestation, fire activity, land use change, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Amazon, Brazil, agricultural development, soybeans, agriculture, Bolivia, C - carbon, cerrado, croplands, fire frequency, fire management, land use, remote sensing, savannas, season of fire, wildfires, woody fuels
In early 2003 a series of large, wildfire-related sediment slugs occurred in streams in the south-eastern Australian alpine region. Back-pack and boat-mounted electrofishing were used to measure changes in riverine fish fauna after one particularly large sediment slug which…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, disturbance, fire management, fishes, mortality, O - oxygen, population density, post fire recovery, rivers, sedimentation, streams, translocation, Victoria, water, water quality, watershed management, wildfires, Australia, blackfish, dissolved oxygen, Ovens River, sediment