Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 71
Background: The increasing size and frequency of wildland fires are leading to greater potential for cardiopulmonary disease and cancer in exposed populations; however, little is known about how the types of fuel and combustion phases affect these adverse outcomes. Objectives:…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, flaming, smoldering, cancer, public health, lung diseases
Mitigating smoke impacts on human health and safety is one of the challenges that landowners and agencies face when conducting prescribed burns. Particulate matter (PM) in smoke, produced by the combustion of fuels during burning, can aggravate respiratory ailments and reduce…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke impacts, human health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, BlueSky
This study quantifies ammonia (NH3) emissions from biomass burning from 2005 to 2015 across the continental US (CONUS) and compares emissions from biomass burning with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Emissions Inventory (NEI), the Fire Inventory from the…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: ammonia, wildfires, biomass burning, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, area burned, fire frequency
Smouldering peat fires, the largest fires on Earth in terms of fuel consumption, are reported in six continents and are responsible for regional haze episodes. Haze is the large-scale accumulation of smoke at low altitudes in the atmosphere. It decreases air quality, disrupts…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoldering, peat fires, emission factor, MCE - modified combustion efficiency, wildfires, haze, air quality, PM - particulate matter, literature review
Prescribed fire, intentionally ignited low-intensity fires, and managed wildfires—wildfires that are allowed to burn for land management benefit—could be used as a land management tool to create forests that are resilient to wildland fire. This could lead to fewer large…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: wildfire, PM - particulate matter, public health, exposure, PM2.5
The terrestrial biosphere currently absorbs about 30% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This carbon uptake over land results primarily from vegetation’s response to increasing atmospheric CO2 but other factors also play a role. Here we show that since the 1930s increasing…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, carbon uptake, climate change, area burned, fire suppression effects, croplands, wildfires
Introduction: Wildland fires degrade air quality and adversely affect human health. A growing body of epidemiology literature reports increased rates of emergency departments, hospital admissions and premature deaths from wildfire smoke exposure. Objective: Our research aimed to…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Oregon, Idaho, Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, health impact assessment, source apportionment, PM2.5, ozone, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildland fires, southern California wildfires, particulate air pollution, hospital admissions, smoke exposure, mortality
Western wildfires have a major impact on air quality in the US. In the fall of 2016, 107 test fires were burned in the large-scale combustion facility at the US Forest Service Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory as part of the Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: laboratory fires, aerosol optical properties, PAX - photoacoustic extinctiometer, OP-FTIR - open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, trace gas emissions, biomass burning, wildfires, FIREX - Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments Experiment, emission ratio, emission factor, MCE - modified combustion efficiency
SIPFIS is the acronym for Southern Integrated Prescribed Fire Information System. SIPFIS merges prescribed fire and air quality data into a common analysis framework to create a unified prescribed fire and air quality database for the southern U.S. The information available…
Person: Odman, Garcia Menendez
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, SIPFIS - Southern Integrated Prescribed Fire Information System, public health
We present an analysis of over 23,000 globally distributed wildfire smoke plume injection heights derived from Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) space-based, multi-angle stereo imaging. Both pixel-weighted and aerosol optical depth (AOD)-weighted results are given,…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: MISR - Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer, biomass burning, smoke plume height
Exposure to wildland fire smoke is a community health issue that has gained the attention of public health professionals and organizations, especially in states where fires are becoming more frequent and intense. Emissions from wildland fire smoke has significant health…
Person: Rappold, Hano, Baghdikian
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, health effects, health vulnerability, CHVI - Community Health-Vulnerability Index, Smoke Sense, asthma, public health
Wildland fire emissions are routinely estimated in the US Environmental Protection Agency’s National Emissions Inventory, specifically for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and precursors to ozone (O3); however, there is a large amount of uncertainty in this sector. We employ a…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, air quality modeling, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, wildland fire emissions, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, O3 - ozone
Air Resource Advisors provide a vast array of tools and products to predict and communicate smoke impacts during wildfires. Having a resource solely dedicated to smoke management and effective messaging improves both internal and external communication.
Person: Lahm
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, smoke impacts, ARA - Air Resource Advisor, smoke forecast, agency coordination, public communication, air quality
In 2017, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide— reached new record highs. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface for 2017 was 405.0 ± 0.1 ppm, 2.2 ppm greater than for 2016 and…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, wildfires, fire activity
This research contrasts the environmental conditions, meteorological drivers, and air quality impacts of human‐ and lightning‐ignited wildfires in the southeastern and western U.S., the two continental U.S. regions with the most wildfire burn area. We use the Fire Program…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, ignition, air quality, PM2.5, FPA - Fire Program Analysis
In the past few decades, wildfire activity has increased in the western United States and Canada, and can be attributed, at least in part, to a changing climate. The air pollution from wildfires has been associated with increased risk of exacerbations of respiratory disease,…
Person: Reid, Dodd
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: public health, health impacts, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, wildfires, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, Canada, Northwest Territories, mental health
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from U.S. anthropogenic sources is decreasing. However, previous studies have predicted that PM2.5 emissions from wildfires will increase in the midcentury to next century, potentially offsetting improvements gained by continued reductions in…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: fine particulate matter, PM2.5, smoke concentration, visibility, health, air quality, anthropogenic emissions
Progresses in reconstructing Earth's history of biomass burning has motivated the development of a modern charcoal dataset covering the last decades through a community-based initiative called the Global Modern Charcoal Dataset (GMCD). As the frequency, intensity and spatial…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: GMCD - Global Modern Charcoal Dataset, biomass burning, standardized methodologies, surface sample, calibration, dataset, vegetation, fire regimes
Wildland fires are a major source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), one of the most harmful ambient pollutants for human health globally. To represent the influence of wildland fire emissions on atmospheric composition, regional and global chemical transport models rely on…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildfires, PM2.5, burned area, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, FINN - Fire Inventory of NCAR, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, air quality
The paper reports visualization of the flow of smoke over a flat surface inside of a low-speed wind tunnel. A heating plate flush mounted on the wind tunnel floor simulated a spreading line fire that produces uniform heat flux under constant wind speed condition. A paper-thin…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: forest fire, flow visualization, scaling laws, wind tunnel, convective flow
Air Resource Advisors provide a vast array of tools and products to predict and communicate smoke impacts during wildfires. Having a resource solely dedicated to smoke management and effective messaging improves both internal and external communication.
Person: Lahm
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, smoke management
Fire managers use prescribed fire and some wildfires to meet resource management objectives, like restoring and maintaining ecological processes, watershed function, and wildlife habitat, as well as to reduce fuels and mitigate the risk of severe wildfires. However, public…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke impacts, air quality, remote sensing, human dimensions of wildland fire, wildfires, fire management, public perception, WFAQRP - Wildland Fire Air Quality Response Program, ARA - Air Resource Advisor
The requirement to model wind is inherently connected with the modelling of many fire-related phenomena. With its defining influence on fire behaviour, spread and smoke transport, the solution of a problem with and without wind exposure will lead to substantially different…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wind, computational wind engineering, fire safety, CFD - Computational Fluid Dynamics, fire analysis
The burning of tropical rainforests in the Southeast Asia emits considerable particulate matter (PM), which has significant effects on air quality and human health. Lacking of reliable local EFPM for rainforest burning in the Southeast Asia is one of the most important causes…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Asia, emission factors, rainforests, PM - particulate matter, EI - Emission Inventory, air quality, human health
Globally, fires are a major source of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere, occurring on a seasonal cycle and with substantial interannual variability. To understand past trends and variability in sources and sinks of terrestrial carbon, we need quantitative…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: global fires, land use, C - carbon