Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 51 - 75 of 82
Wetlands dominated by flora of the Gramineae and Cyperaceae, such as fens and sedge meadows, have been shown to be fire dependent or fire related in their natural history as well as their community composition and structure. Prescribed burning is therefore a useful and often…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Aquatic, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: Alnus rugosa, Betula sandbergii, bogs, burning intervals, Calamagrostis canadensis, Carex stricta, community ecology, conservation, Cornus stolonifera, Cyperaceae, education, fire dependent species, fire injuries (plants), fire management, fire suppression, firebreaks, fuel loading, fuel moisture, Gramineae, grasslike plants, ground cover, histories, humidity, ignition, introduced species, invasive species, land management, Larix laricina, moisture, mortality, natural areas management, openings, overstory, plant communities, public information, resprouting, Salix, season of fire, shrubs, species diversity (plants), succession, temperature, water, wetlands, wildlife refuges, wind, Wisconsin, woody plants
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: Asia, backfires, duff, education, Europe, fire control, fire equipment, fire suppression, firebreaks, litter, moisture, mosses, smoke management, Soviet Union, taiga, USSR, wildfires
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Models
Region(s): Hawaii, International
Keywords: age classes, air quality, Asia, biogeography, community ecology, competition, coniferous forests, decay, diseases, distribution, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, Galapagos Islands, habitat conversion, habitat types, invasive species, Japan, Metrosideros polymorpha, mortality, mountains, New Zealand, Nothofagus, openings, overstory, Papua New Guinea, pioneer species, plant communities, plant growth, plantations, rainforests, seedlings, senescence, size classes, species diversity (plants), subalpine forests, succession, trees, tropical regions
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Models
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: age classes, air quality, biogeography, community ecology, coniferous forests, decay, distribution, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, habitat types, histories, mortality, New Zealand, Nothofagus, overstory, pioneer species, plant communities, plant diseases, plant growth, population density, regeneration, reproduction, senescence, size classes, soils, species diversity (plants), succession, volcanoes
Airborne measurements have been made in the smokes from large fires of standing coniferous trees and logging debris, standing chaparral, fallen jack pine, and wheat stubble. Panicle emission factors, particle size distributions, optical properties of the smokes, and trace gas…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, International
Keywords: Canada, PM - particulate matter, biomass burning, airborne measurements
Our paper points out certain problems in current predictive methods on which most smoke management programs are based. These problems complicate research efforts to improve predictability of air quality impacts of forest burning. In addition, we offer a hypothesis, based on…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, smoke management, slash fire, burning permits, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, chemical compounds, ecology, fire intensity, fire regimes, firing techniques, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel types, gases, herbaceous vegetation, hydrocarbons, mosaic, needles, peat, pollution, slash, statistical analysis, wildfires, wood
General rural and urban air quality levels, periods of open burning, and prevailing weather conditions are reported for Georgia in 1971. Rural and urban levels of suspended particulate matter and benzene soluble extract are compared. 24 hour particulate concentrations averaged…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, agricultural burning, Georgia, PM - particulate matter, agriculture, air temperature, climatology, coastal plain, flatwoods, forest management, particulates, Piedmont, pollution, precipitation, rural communities, sampling, statistical analysis, wildfires, wind
Recent estimates of particulate production from forest fires in the United States have ranged from 500,000 to 54,000,000 tons annually. This has been due partly to disparities in estimates of fuel that is consumed during the combustion process, but more to the choice of emission…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emission factor, PM - particulate matter
Chemicals from glowing fires in highly decayed conifer logs may be useful for detection of small fires by spectroscopic methods. Two major chemical constituents were tentatively identified as methanol and furfural (2-furaldehyde). Additional materials tentatively identified were…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire detection, methanol, combustion products
Measurements of biogenic soil emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) before and after a controlled burn conducted in a chaparral ecosystem on June 22, 1987, showed significantly enhanced emissions of both gases after the burn. Mean NO emissions from heavily…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: chaparral, N2O - nitrous oxide, San Dimas Experimental Forest, biogenic emissions, nitric oxide, biogenic soil emissions
The first simultaneous measurements of gaseous nitric acid and ammonia in the smoke plume of a wetlands biomass burn were obtained. The measurements were made using tungsten oxide-coated diffusion denuder tubes from a helicopter during a prescribed burn on November 9, 1987, at…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: smoke emissions, wetlands, biomass burning, smoke plumes, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, ammonia, nitric acid
Measurements in the plumes from seven forest fires show that the concentrations of NH3 were considerably in excess of ambient values. Calculation of NH3 emissions from the fires, based on the ratio of NH3/CO in the plumes and emissions of CO from biomass burning, suggest that…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, International
Keywords: smoke measurements, biomass burning, fire emissions, smoke plumes, airborne measurements, ammonia
Smoke aerosol was collected on filters from a helicopter during a 400-acre (1.62 km2) prescribed chaparral burn in the San Dimas Experimental Forest on December 12, 1986. Hi-Vol samplers were used to collect particles on both Teflon and glass fiber filters. Scanning electron…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: smoke aerosol emissions, San Dimas Experimental Forest, chaparral fires, particulate emissions
Gas samples were collected in smoke plumes over the San Dimas Experimental Forest during a 400-acre prescribed chaparral fire on December 12, 1986. A helicopter was used to collect gas samples over areas of vigorous flaming combustion and over areas of mixed stages (vigorous/…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: trace gas emissions, smoke plumes, San Dimas Experimental Forest, chaparral fires
Recent measurements indicate significantly enhanced biogenic soil emissions of both nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) following surface burning. These enhanced fluxes persisted for at least 6 months following the burn. Simultaneous measurements indicate enhanced levels…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: N2O - nitrous oxide, biomass burning, San Dimas Experimental Forest, surface burn, biogenic emissions
Emission reduction is a central part of the regulatory strategy for prescribed forest burning in Washington and Oregon. This paper examines the success of that strategy and the information systems needed to plan and tract progress toward emission reduction goals specified in the…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: emission reduction, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, prescribed fire emissions, prescribed fire planning, air quality, regulations, smoke management, Washington, Oregon
Emission factors and the size distribution for smoke particles from prescribed fire are described from data collected by airborne sampling, surface sampling using towers, and combustion hood systems. Emission factors for particulate matter (g/kg) range from 4 to 16 for particles…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke properties, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air quality, particulates, Montana, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington
A system for predicting and modifying smoke concentrations from prescription fires is introduced. While limited to particulate matter and the more typical southern fuels, the system is for both simple and complex applications. Forestrysmoke constituents, variables affecting…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, carbon dioxide, fuel loading, fuel types, gases, grass fuels, headfires, hydrocarbons, needles, particulates, pine forests, pollution, slash, smoke effects, smoke management, brush, Ilex glabra, litter, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, Serenoa repens
[from the text] To protect a wilderness from fire or not-that was the first debate I remember within the U. S. Forest Service on entering the organization in 1938. The area in question was part of the present Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness in Idaho and Montana. Opponents of…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Abies lasiocarpa, fire management, forest succession, subalpine fir, Washington, wilderness management, Pasayten Wilderness, catastrophic fires, coniferous forests, cover, ecosystem dynamics, fire control, fire frequency, fire regimes, forest management, forest types, fuel accumulation, fuel management, grazing, habitat types, herbaceous vegetation, human caused fires, landscape ecology, lightning, montane forests, national forests, natural areas management, pollution, regeneration, sampling, subalpine forests, succession, topography, vegetation surveys, wildfires
An experimental project on convective plumes initiated from the ground by an exceptionally powerful artificial heat source has been carried out. The heat source consisted of 97 oil burners releasing a total power of 600 MW. The measuring equipment consisted of a ground network…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: combustion, energy, fuel types, heat, photography, smoke behavior, statistical analysis, temperature, weather observations, wind
This report presents data describing the air quality within 50 km of the Miller Creek experimental block in terms of 24-hour average mass loadings in the atmosphere, some results of the airborne analysis of the combustion products from two typical flights, diffusion analysis of…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, International
Keywords: Abies spp., air quality, Australia, clearcutting, combustion, distribution, duff, field experimental fires, fuel loading, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, Larix occidentalis, logging, Montana, national forests, needles, particulates, photography, Picea, pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, sampling, size classes, slash, sloping terrain, smoke behavior, statistical analysis, temperature, wildfires
Smoke emitted from forest fires in northern California in September 1987 was trapped in a valley by an inversion for 3 weeks. Daily maximum temperatures on the valley floor were more than 15 degrees C below normal for 1 week and more than 5 degrees C below normal for 3 weeks.…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Models, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: temperature, surface cooling, air temperature, catastrophic fires, climatology, heat, mortality, northern California, nuclear winter, plant growth, smoke behavior, smoke effects, soil temperature, weather observations, wildfires
Greater needle packing (number of needles per unit stem length) among shoots of Picea engelmanii(Parry ex. Engelm.), Abies lasiocarpa ([Hook] Nutt.), and Pinus contorta (Engelm.) collected at sun-exposed locations resulted in leaf temperatures (T1) that were well above air…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Abies spp., Abies lasiocarpa, air temperature, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, coniferous forests, conifers, forest management, leaves, needles, photosynthesis, Picea, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, plant growth, temperature, Wyoming
This paper is directed to those interested in emissions from forest fires as they may impact on air quality. There are several different types of forest fires, each with distinct sets of emission characteristics. Emission factors for combustion products vary widely with fire…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, backing fires, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, chemical elements, combustion, evapotranspiration, fire intensity, fire management, flammability, Florida, fuel management, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, Georgia, hardwood forests, headfires, hydrocarbons, ignition, Ilex glabra, needles, N - nitrogen, organic matter, particulates, pine forests, Pinus elliottii, pollution, residence time, Serenoa repens, smoke behavior, smoke management, water, wildfires
In-flight measurements of the following parameters have been carried out in the smoke from prescribed fires: carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, integrated light scattering coefficient and ultraviolet radiation intensity. One fire (in…
Person:
Year: 1976
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, ash, Australia, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, chemistry, fire intensity, fire management, light, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, radiation, sampling, smoke management, SO2 - sulfur dioxide, Victoria, western Australia