Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 78
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, ash, Asia, biomass, boreal forests, Canada, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, chaparral, China, ecosystem dynamics, fire case histories, fire management, forest management, gases, greenhouse gases, human caused fires, CH4 - methane, ozone, post fire recovery, Russia, statistical analysis, tropical forests, wetlands, woody fuels
Fire has a role in ecosystem services; naturally produced wildfires are important for the sustainability of many terrestrial biomes and fire is one of nature's primary carbon-cycling mechanisms. Under a warming climate, it is likely that fire frequency and severity will increase…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, biomass burning, policy, air quality
Several U.S. state and tribal agencies and other countries have implemented a methodology developed in the arid intermountain western U.S. where short-term (1- to 3-hr) particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations are estimated from…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, fire management, smoke management
Among the key issues in smoke management is predicting the magnitude and location of smoke effects. These vary in severity from hazardous (acute health conditions and drastic visibility impairment to transportation) to nuisance (regional haze), and occur across a range of scales…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, particulates, pollution, Canada, Mississippi, Tennessee, fire management, smoke management, air-quality impacts, forest fires, atmospheric transport, lower stratosphere, stochastic models, plume rise, simulation, system, dispersion, smoke modeling, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems
The National Weather Service Fire Weather Program provides weather forecasting and meteorological support services to state and federal wildland fire management agencies. An Intergovernmental Fire Weather User's Summit, sponsored by the National Weather Service (NWS) and the…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, education, fire danger rating, fire equipment, fire exclusion, fire management, fire suppression, land management, smoke management, US Forest Service, wilderness fire management, wildfires
Created through the Wildfire Disaster Recovery Act of 1989 (PL 101-286), in response to the destructive western fire season of 1987 and the Yellowstone fires of 1988, the Commission was asked to consider the environmental and economic effects of disastrous wildfires through…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Outreach, Planning, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science, Economics, Fire Ecology, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, arid regions, biomass, catastrophic fires, chaparral, ecosystem dynamics, education, erosion, fire case histories, fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire protection, fire regimes, fire suppression, fishes, forest management, forest products, fuel accumulation, fuel management, general interest, hardwood forests, histories, Idaho, land management, land use, liability, logging, mosaic, natural resource legislation, Nevada, nongame birds, Oncorhynchus, Oregon, pine forests, Pinus ponderosa, public information, rangelands, small mammals, smoke management, Strix occidentalis, thinning, threatened and endangered species (animals), understory vegetation, watershed management, West Virginia, wildfires, wildlife habitat management
The National Weather Service Fire Weather Program provides weather forecasting and meteorological support services to state and federal wildland fire management agencies. An Intergovernmental Fire Weather User's Summit, sponsored by the National Weather Service (NWS) and the…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, ecosystem dynamics, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, land management, particulates, Pinus, smoke management, species diversity (plants), statistical analysis, US Forest Service, wildfires
Pre-industrial human activities which changed the atmospheric greenhouse gas or aerosol loading, or which modified the properties of the earth's surface, such as albedo, roughness, or vegetation cover, had the potential to modify the regional or even global climate. The primary…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Eastern, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, biomass, cover, deforestation, Europe, European settlement, fuel management, climate change, human caused fires, India, presettlement fires, regeneration, topography
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Acer glabrum, air quality, Amelanchier, catastrophic fires, cavity nesting birds, Colorado, cover type conversion, cutting, disturbance, droughts, ecosystem dynamics, fire dependent species, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel moisture, herbicides, Larix occidentalis, lightning caused fires, logging, mammals, mosaic, Oregon, pine forests, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, plant diseases, public information, Purshia tridentata, season of fire, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness Areas, site treatments, slash, smoke behavior, smoke management, threatened and endangered species (plants), understory vegetation, Washington, wildfires
Large, free-burning fires do not burn steadily. As most experienced fire personnel know, fire behavior varies significantly with time. It frequently can be described as pulsating. This pulsing is caused by a process called layer-replacement. As the burning creates a zone of hot…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: combustion, convection, experimental fires, gases, smoke behavior, wilderness fire management
The Canadian/United States cooperative mass fire behavior and atmospheric environmental impact study
Over the past four years scientists have cooperatively monitored fire behavior and smoke chemistry, on a number of large prescribed fires in the Province of Ontario. Primary cooperating agencies include Forestry Canada, the United States Forest Service, the National Aeronautics…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Aviation, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Logistics, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerial ignition, British Columbia, Canada, chemistry, coniferous forests, convection, energy, fire management, forest management, Ontario, pine forests, sampling, smoke behavior, US Forest Service, wind
The Tiered Smoke/Air Regources Sygtem (TSARS) allows fire management field officers to test fire prescriptions for smoke management problems. They can perform these analyses in terms they understand and use the results to adjust the prescription if necessary. More sophisticated…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: air quality, computer programs, fire management, land management, mining, national forests, national parks, particulates, smoke management, topography, US Forest Service, wind, Wyoming
Planning prescribed fires for optimal periods which results in emissions reduction is an extremely useful air quality management technique. New information suggests that one more useful tool in smoke management may involve using the capacity of the atmosphere to remove smoke…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Abies spp., air quality, Betula papyrifera, biomass, Canada, coniferous forests, fuel moisture, heat, logging, moisture, pine forests, Pinus banksiana, Populus, precipitation, Pseudotsuga menziesii, slash, smoke behavior, smoke management, Tsuga, wilderness fire management, wildfires
The OCTET modeling system has been designed to simulate the atmospheric dynamics, microphysics and scavenging above hypothetical large city fires with energy release rates on the order of 10-100kW/m2 over areas of tens to hundreds of square kilometers. It simulates the three-…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, Canada, coniferous forests, energy, fire management, forest management, logging, Ontario, Picea, pine forests, Pinus banksiana, Pinus contorta, precipitation, slash, smoke behavior, weather observations
Electric field measurements, combined with lightning location data, demonstrate that the plume clouds from large fires can be charged and can generate lightning discharges. The results of measurements made on a prescribed burn show that the charge distribution is a positive…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Canada, distribution, fire management, forest management, lightning, lightning effects, logging, Ontario, smoke effects, storms, weather observations
The Doppler lidar of NOAA/ERL's Wave Propagation Laboratory (WPL) observed a prescribed forest fire that was ignited in the township of Battersby, Ontario, Canada, on 12 August 1988. During the first hour of the fire the lidar saw the smoke column rise nearly straight up to a…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Canada, distribution, fire management, light, Ontario, particulates, remote sensing, smoke behavior, smoke management, wind
A major problem with weather data in complex terrain is temporal and spatial interpolation. The British Columbia Forest Service, through the services of Atmospheric Dynamics Corporation, has adapted a meso-scale weather model to provide hourly predictions out to 4.5 days for a…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: British Columbia, Canada, rate of spread, smoke management, temperature, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wind
PLUMP is a general -purpose, one-dimensional plume rise model for wildfire and prescribed fire planning. It calculates the characteristics of fire plu8mes, including vertical velocity, water content, excess temperature, rain, and ice. The model can also be used to determine the…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire management, lightning, smoke behavior, smoke management, temperature, water, wildfires
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Africa, agriculture, air quality, Asia, biomass, chemistry, deforestation, Europe, gases, climate change, habits and behavior, insects, land use, Middle East, Oceania, savannas, soil management, soil nutrients, soils, wetlands, animal excreta, animals, aquatic sources, arable lands, biomass burning, CH4 - methane, CO - carbon monoxide, deforestation, emission, landfills, N2O - nitrous oxide, rice cultivation, sewage, soils, termites, trace gases, wetlands
Smoke from wildfires has adverse biological and social consequences, and various lines of evidence suggest that smoke concentrations in the future may be more intense, more frequent, more widespread, or all of the above. In this document, we review the essential ingredients of a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems, wildfire regime, feedbacks, coupled models
Satellite based fire radiant energy retrievals are widely applied to assess biomass consumed and emissions at regional to global scales. A known potential source of uncertainty in biomass burning estimates arises from fuel moisture but this impact has not been quantified in…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, remote sensing, biomass burning, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
The Fire Modeling Institute (FMI) brings the best available fire and fuel science and technology developed throughout the research community to bear in fire-related management issues. Although located within the Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program of the U.S. Forest Service…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: MPB - mountain pine beetle, smoke science research, Fire Modeling Institute
The term 'backfire' refers to a commonly used method for prescribed burning in which the igniter sets a line of fire that slowly backs into the wind. This technique should not be confused with the colloquial use of the term 'backfire' for 'suppression fire,' which refers to any…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, backfire
The performance of internal combustion engines used in fire fighting equipment can be affected by the fireground ambient conditions. Both gasoline (SI) and diesel (CI) engines can suffer significant power losses due to high temperatures and reduced oxygen in the intake air…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: forest fire, fireground, bushfire, fire engines, internal combustion engine
A model for the plume above a line fire in a cross wind is constructed. This problem is shown to reduce to numerically solving a system of 6 coupled ordinary differential equations for given initial conditions that depend upon the fire characteristics. The model is valid above…
Person:
Year: 1994
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: plume trajectories, cross wind, plume temperature, plume velocity, plume width