Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 224
Burning of crop residue and forest stands is a method commonly used to prepare land for agriculture in several countries within equatorial Asia and Central and South America. Atmospheric emissions and smoke plumes from the burning of such biomass are impossible to contain and…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Aquatic
Region(s): International
Keywords: Asia, haze, biomass burning
The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data has been used by several studies to calculate the top of atmosphere (TOA) shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (SWARF) of biomass burning aerosols over land. However, the current CERES angular distribution models that…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, biomass burning, radiative forcing
A high-intensity wildfire burnt through a dry Eucalyptus forest in south-eastern Australia that had been fuel reduced with fire 3 months prior, presenting a unique opportunity to measure the effects of fuel reduction (FR) on forest carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: charcoal, fuel reduction, biomass, greenhouse gases, Australia, emission factors, C - carbon, modified combustion action, fine fuels, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fuel accumulation, heavy fuels, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, ground cover, litter, shrubs, size classes, snags, understory vegetation, eucalyptus, Victoria, fire management, forest management, fuel management, sclerophyll forests
Fire regimes play an important role in ecosystems and climate change, affecting the structure and composition of vegetation and influencing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Analyses of historical fire regimes have indicated that in many ecosystems, fire regime changes are linked…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management, climate change, land use change, Spain, Pettitt test, fire regimes, Europe, land use
Biomass burning has become an important component of Earth-system models as understanding improves about fire as a global ecosystem process. Smoke emissions are a health hazard to nearby communities, can impair air quality and visibility for hundreds of kilometers downwind, and…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, carbon emissions, biomass burning, fuelbeds
Wildland fire and associated management efforts are dominant topics in natural resource fields. Smoke from fires can be a nuisance and pose serious health risks and aggravate pre-existing health conditions. When it results in reduced visibility near roadways, smoke can also pose…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Social Science
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: public acceptance, tolerance, public perceptions, wildfires, air quality, public information, fire management, smoke management, Montana, Oregon, South Carolina
Fire behaviour in Victorian forests on Black Saturday on 7th February 2009 was characterised by fast moving crown fires in eucalypt forest, accompanied by frequent medium-long range fire brand spotting, and deep and intense pyro-convective smoke plumes. Factors contributing to…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire severity, effectiveness, fuel treatment, Australia, extreme fire weather, Black Saturday fires, crown fires, fire case histories, fire danger rating, fire intensity, fire weather, rate of spread, firebrands, photography, eucalyptus, Victoria, fire management, fuel management
The analysis of large forest and peat fires, the peculiarities of their development and the impact on the environment is conducted. The main characteristics of forest fires are considered. The thermal characteristics and evaluation of the heat generation of large forest fires…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: peat fires, air pollution, Russia, forest fires, combustion products, fire damage (property), fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, air quality, pollution, fire management, forest management
FOFEM - A First Order Fire Effects Model - is a computer program that was developed to meet needs of resource managers, planners, and analysts in predicting and planning for fire effects. Quantitative predictions of fire effects are needed for planning prescribed fires that best…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, duff, moisture regimes, soil heating, fuel consumption, tree mortality
Smoke emission models require a number of assumptions regarding turbulent transfer of gasses and particulates within and above the forest canopy. Some of these assumptions as well as model predictions can be evaluated using micrometeorological measurements made during fires (…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: New Jersey Pinelands, fuel consumption, eddy covariance, sensible heat flux, forest energy balance, latent heat
Of particular concern to fire and air-quality management communities, particularly in the eastern portion of the U.S., are the behavior and air-quality impacts of low-intensity prescribed fires for fuels management. For example, smoke from prescribed fires, which often occur in…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: smoke dispersion, smoke transport, New Jersey Pine Barrens
The need to accurately predict pollution from wildland fires is acute and, in fact, the lack of such information has become a major obstacle in the prescribed fire authorization process. WRF and SFIRE model wildland fire spread in a two-way interaction with the atmosphere. The…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: case studies, Santa Ana, air pollution, ozone, smoke dispersion, smoke transport, WRF-Chem, WRF-SFIRE, SFIRE, wildland fire simulation, fire case histories, fuel moisture, wildfires, air quality, organic matter, fire management, smoke management
Management of fire is an important and controversial policy issue. Active fire suppression has led to a backlog of fuels, limited the ecological benefits of fire, and reduced short-term smoke impacts likely delaying these emissions to future generations over a larger spatial…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, Sierra Nevada, wildland fire, policy, smoke impacts, public health, AQI - Air Quality Index
While fire has long played a role in the longleaf pine ecosystem, there are still some stands in the southeastern United States where fire has not been reintroduced and fuels have accumulated for 50 years or more. As part of a larger study examining fuel loading and smoke…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, monoterpenes, residual combustion, smoldering, biomass burning
Wildland fires have increased in extent and severity in recent years. At the same time, the number of people living in harm's way has increased dramatically. This has not only resulted in more people and private property potentially at risk from future fire events, but also an…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke management, public perceptions, social acceptability
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic is used to keep piled debris from silvicultural activities-activities associated with development and care of forests-dry to enable efficient disposal by burning. The effects of inclusion of LDPE in this manner on smoke emissions are not…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, pile burn, polyethylene, plastic
Wildfire is among the most common forest disturbances, affecting the structure, composition, and functions of many ecosystems. The complex role that wildfire plays in shaping forests has been described in terms of vegetation responses, which are characterized as dependent on,…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire frequency, fire weather, climate change, KBDI - Keetch-Byram Drought Index, mitigation, wildfire, future fire activity
Given the rapid nature of climate change occurring in the Arctic and the difficulty climate models have in quantitatively reproducing observed changes such as sea ice loss, it is important to improve understanding of the processes leading to climate change in this region,…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Arctic, air pollution, climate change, aerosols, O3 - ozone, black carbon, POLARCAT - Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, of Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols, and Transport, wildfires
In July 2002, lightning strikes ignited over 250 fires in Quebec, Canada, destroying over one million hectares of forest. The smoke plume generated from the fires had a major impact on air quality across the east coast of the U.S. Using data from the Medicare National Claims…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, Canada, Quebec, wildfires, climate change, remote sensing, PM2.5, hospitalizations, health impacts
Wildfires take a heavy toll on human health worldwide. Climate change may increase the risk of wildfire frequency. Therefore, in view of adapted preventive actions, there is an urgent need to further understand the health effects and public awareness of wildfires. We conducted a…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, wildfire exposure, health impacts, cardiorespiratory disease, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, health effects, air quality, diseases, health factors, particulates, fire management, smoke management, smoke effects
The availability of integrated, quality-assured datasets is limited, reducing our ability to evaluate fire models and tackle fundamental fire questions. To help fill this gap, the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCADRE) evolved to…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Eglin Air Force Base, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fire research, data set, RxCADRE
Air pollution from biomass burning is an increasingly prominent issue for wildland fire management agencies. In addition to primary PM10 and PM2.5, wildfires and prescribed burning also generate other primary emitted pollutants such as CO, SO2, NOx, and contribute toward the…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, smoke models, smoke plumes, BlueSky Modeling Framework, atmospheric chemistry, wildfire emissions
This project characterized the emissions from a simulated wildfire and their evolution downwind via an airborne platform hosting state of the science online measurement techniques for speciated PM1 aerosol, black carbon, water soluble particulate organic carbon, and levoglucosan…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: South Carolina, black carbon, climate impacts, fire emissions, trace gases, organic aerosols
Mega-fires can adversely impact air quality in the United States and the impacts are likely to become more serious in the future due to the possibility of more frequent and intense mega-fires in response to the projected climate change. This study investigated U.S. mega-fires…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, fire-climate relationship, KBDI - Keetch-Byram Drought Index, megafires
We estimate biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions of black carbon (BC) in the western US for May-October 2006 by inverting surface BC concentrations from the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environment (IMPROVE) network using a global chemical transport model.…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: black carbon, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, biomass burning, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database