Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 192
Wildland fires are a major contributor of particulate matter and other pollutants to the atmosphere. The new EPA Clean Air Act and the Regional Haze Rule require quantifying accurately the emissions of PM2.5 and other pollutants from fires and their impacts on regional haze and…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, FARSITE - Fire Area Simulator, HYSPLIT-CheM forecast model, forecasting, PM - particulate matter, smoke dispersion
Project Objectives For at least 5 different major classes of fuels typically involved in residual smoldering combustion (RSC) and two different moisture content conditions dispersed over at least 10 different sites. Four of these will be in the western USA, 3 in the southeast, 2…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, carbon release, PM - particulate matter, residual smoldering, fuel consumption
BlueSky, a National Fire Plan product, provides real-time predictions of surface smoke concentrations from prescribed fire, wildfire, and agricultural burn activities to aid land managers in burn/no-burn decisions. Currently operational in the Pacific Northwest, BlueSky is a…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Planning
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, PM - particulate matter, smoke concentration, BlueSky Modeling Framework
The Ventilation Climate Information System (VCIS) was completed with Joint Fire Science Program support in 2000 under a 1998-2000 project called, Assessing Values of Air Quality and Visibility at Risk from Wildiand Fires. It is a twice-daily, 30- year database of surface wind,…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, risk assessment, VCIS - Ventilation Climate Information System, mixing height, surface wind, visibility, ventilation
Presenting state-of-science information and discussion of broadly defined air pollution and forest fire issues. Among others, the following topics will be discussed: effects of forest fires on air quality in the remote and urban-wildland interface forests; effects of forest…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, symposium
Many areas of the boreal forest of Alaska contain deep layers of moss, duff, and peat, resulting in a large pool of biomass that potentially can burn and smolder for long periods of time creating hazardous smoke episodes for local residents and communities and causing…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, duff consumption, duff moisture, black spruce, Consume 3.0, feathermoss, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, forest floor consumption, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, smoke characterization, white spruce
The organic layer (litter and duff) in forest, shrub, and grasslands can represent the bulk of the fuels consumed during wildland fires in southern ecosystems; it is imperative that organic layer depth measurements can be converted to mass as managers often measure the depth of…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: bulk density, consumption, duff moisture, loblolly pine, longleaf pine, organic layer, Pinus palustris, slash pine, DMM600 - Duff Moisture Meter 600, hardwoods, Pinus taeda, Pinus elliottii, Pinus echinata, shortleaf pine
Use of prescribed fire is an important forest management activity in the southern region with ~2,000,000 acres burned in 17,733 prescribed fires during the first 10 months of 2003 and an additional ~255,000 acres burned by 14,359 wildfires. Fire is used to remove logging slash…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: BlueSky Modeling Framework, BlueSkyRAINS, FARSITE - Fire Area Simulator, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, fuel loading, North Carolina, DWD - downed woody debris
The present paper proposes an original approach to estimate gaseous and particulate emissions from boreal forest fires based on the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction ( FBP) System. The FBP System permits calculation of fuel consumption and rate of spread for individual…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, boreal forest, Canada, black carbon, climate change, PM - particulate matter, Quebec, FBP - CFFDRS Fire Behavior Prediction System, forest fires, GEM - Global Environmental Multiscale, greenhouse gas, particulate organic matter
The Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team (PNW) completed a total of eight 3-day regional fuels workshops and six ½-day 'mini-workshops' that demonstrated the use of the Natural Fuels Photo Series, Digital Photo Series, Fuel Characteristic Classification System, and…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, Natural Fuels Photo Series, training, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, workshops, Digital Photo Series
The Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team (PNW Research Station) and the Fire Chemistry Project (RM Research Station) have completed the data collection and modeling for fuel consumption and smoke emissions during wildland fires in boreal forested types in Alaska.…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, duff consumption, duff moisture, black spruce, Consume 3.0, feathermoss, forest floor consumption, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, white spruce
The proposed research will provide fire management tools to land managers that integrate fuel loading, fire emissions, and smoke plume measurements and modeling. The objectives are to (1) Inventory, map, and model live and down woody debris/fuels biomass utilizing USDA Forest…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: Alligator River NWR, BlueSky Modeling Framework, coastal plain, FARSITE - Fire Area Simulator, North Carolina, RAINS - Rapid Access Information System
This document contains a description of the air quality forecasting system in operation at the Missoula Fire Science Laboratory. This air quality forecasting system has been steadily assimilating new techniques and algorithms as they have been developed over the past four years…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, HYSPLIT-CheM forecast model, particulates, PM2.5
A high-resolution large-eddy simulation model is employed to examine the fundamental dynamics of buoyant plumes arising from heat sources representative of wildland fires in the presence of a vertically sheared ambient atmospheric crosswind. Time-averaged plume trajectories…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: plumes
Description not entered.
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Siberia, trace gas emissions
Considerable research has been carried out to estimate the chemical composition and the amount of trace gases and particulate matter emitted during short-duration flaming and smoldering combustion of fuels in the fire-prone forest and grassland ecosystems. For other forest…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: combustion efficiency, trace gas emissions, residual smoldering
[1] We used a ground-based approach to compute the pyrogenic carbon emissions from the Biscuit Fire, an exceptionally large wildfire, which in 2002 burned over 200,000 ha of mixed conifer forest in southwestern Oregon. A combination of federal inventory data and supplementary…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire case histories, fire intensity, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, cover type, duff, foliage, litter, mineral soils, plant physiology, Oregon, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests
[1] Wildfire is a common occurrence in ecosystems of northern high latitudes, and changes in the fire regime of this region have consequences for carbon feedbacks to the climate system. To improve our understanding of how wildfire influences carbon dynamics of this region, we…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, Eastern, Northern Rockies, Northwest, International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire intensity, fire regimes, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, disturbance, Asia, Europe, Canada, fire management, boreal forests
Cereal straw is one of the most abundant biomass burned in China but its contribution to fine particulates is not adequately understood. In this study, three main kinds of cereal straws were collected from five grain producing areas in China. Fine particulate matters (PM2.5)…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, C - carbon, chemical compounds, China, combustion, cropland fires, fire management, hydrocarbons, lignin, moisture, organic matter, particulates, pH, sampling, wood, biomass burning, cereal straw, particulate organic matter, source profile
Prehistoric fire area and emissions from California's forests, woodlands, shrublands, and grasslands
In the majority of US political settings wildland fire is still discussed as a negative force. Lacking from current wildfire discussions are estimates of the spatial extent of fire and their resultant emissions before the influences of Euro-American settlement and this is the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: Abies magnifica, air quality, C - carbon, chaparral, coniferous forests, crowns, evergreens, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, fire suppression, forest management, grasslands, histories, lightning caused fires, litter, mountains, Native Americans, particulates, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, prehistoric fires, Sequoia sempervirens, shrublands, suppression, vegetation surveys, wildfires, wildfire, fire regime, fire policy, fire suppression, fire rotation, air resources, air quality, particulates, fire exclusion, C - carbon
To assess the contribution of sources to fine particulate organic carbon (OC) at four sites in North Carolina, USA, a molecular marker chemical mass balance model (MM-CMB) was used to quantify seasonal contributions for 2 years. The biomass burning contribution at these sites…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: aerosols, biomass, biomass burning, broadcast burning, C - carbon, fire management, Georgia, hydrocarbons, North Carolina, particulates, smoke management, wood, wood smoke, organic aerosols, atmospheric particulate matter, source apportionment, CMB
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), diatoms, pollen, charcoal, loss-on-ignition (LOI), and nutrient elements in lake sediments were used to assess important factors controlling Holocene changes in the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration, pCO2, color and pH of lake water in…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: age classes, boreal forests, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, charcoal, Europe, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, humidity, ignition, lakes, nutrients, pH, pollen, sedimentation, statistical analysis, Sweden, temperature, vegetation surveys, water, watershed management, wildfires
We estimate the contributions from biomass burning (summer wildfires, other fires, residential biofuel, and industrial biofuel) to seasonal and annual aerosol concentrations in the United States. Our approach is to use total carbonaceous (TC) and non-soil potassium (ns-K)…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, C - carbon, coniferous forests, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, fuel management, grasslands, human caused fires, lightning caused fires, Maine, K - potassium, remote sensing, season of fire, shrublands, wildfires, woody fuels, aerosols, wildfires, biomass burning, biofuel, air quality, visibility
The current paper analyses the potential for prescribed burning techniques for mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from forest fires and attempts to show quantitatively that it can be a means of achieving a net reduction of carbon emissions in the context of the Kyoto…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, crown fires, dead fuels, ecosystem dynamics, Europe, fire management, fire size, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, statistical analysis, surface fuels, vegetation surveys, wildfires, CO2 emissions, emissions mitigation, wildland fires, fire management, Kyoto Protocol
[1] We measured CO2 and CH4 exchange from the center of a Sphagnum-dominated permafrost collapse, through an aquatic moat, and into a recently burned black spruce forest on the Tanana River floodplain in interior Alaska. In the anomalously dry growing season of 2004, both the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: biomass, black spruce, boreal forests, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, coniferous forests, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, grasses, Interior Alaska, CH4 - methane, moisture, mosses, Picea mariana, soil moisture, soil temperature, soils, sphagnum, statistical analysis, temperature, tundra, wildfires