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Displaying 101 - 125 of 282
Wildfires pose a major health risk for humans, wildlife, and domestic animals. We previously discovered pathophysiologic parallels between domestic cats with naturally occurring smoke inhalation and thermal burn injuries and human beings with similar injuries; these were…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: hypercoaguability, primary hemostasis , PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, HCM - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, thromboembolism, domestic cats, wildfires
Increasing wildfire size and severity across the western United States has created an environmental and social crisis that must be approached from a transdisciplinary perspective. This presentation will summarize a recently published article in Current Environmental Health…
Person: Smith, D’Evelyn
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke exposure, forest management, fire management, human health, environmental justice, smoke impacts, wildfire preparedness, air pollution, health impacts, respiratory effects, cardiovascular effects, adaptive capacity, partnerships, integrated management, collaborative partnerships, Indigenous Peoples, social equity
Wildfires are occurring worldwide with greater frequency and intensity. Wildfires, as well as other sources of air pollution including environmental tobacco smoke, household biomass combustion, agricultural burning, and vehicular emissions, release large amounts of toxic…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, wildfires, eye irritation, smoke exposure, ocular surface, inflammation
Smoke plumes are the first things seen from space when wildfires occur. Thus, fire smoke detection is important for early fire detection. Deep Learning (DL) models have been used to detect fire smoke in satellite imagery for fire detection. However, previous DL-based research…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, multispectral satellite imagery, smoke detection, fire detection, moderate spatial resolution, deep learning, CNN - convolution neural network, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
One of the world’s biggest disasters are wildfires. The firefighting environment involves physical and respiratory risks, due the inhalation of fire smoke. This study aims to determine the respiratory function of firefighters exposed to wildfire smoke and explore the potential…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: firefighters, spirometry, respiratory, function, wildfire, Portugal
Wildfire events are increasing across the globe. The smoke generated as a result of this changing fire landscape is potentially more toxic than air pollution from other ambient sources, according to recent studies. This is especially concerning for populations of humans or…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: air quality, indoor air quality, lab animals, Idaho, wildfires, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5
Introduction: Wildfires are a threat to public health world-wide that are growing in intensity and prevalence. The biological mechanisms that elicit wildfire-associated toxicity remain largely unknown. The potential involvement of cross-tissue communication via extracellular…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: exosomes, extracellular vesicles, environmental exposure, systems biology, wildfires, mice, laboratory experiments
Persistent and intensive wildland dense-fires (DFs) release substantial amounts of airborne pollutants, resulting in a sharp increase in emissions and leading to serious impacts on the environment and human health over extensive geographical areas. It is challenging to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: machine learning, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, FINN - Fire Inventory of NCAR, wildfire, density-based clustering, human-caused fires, Indochina Peninsula
[from the text] California is facing an unprecedented and growing forest and wildfire crisis. Decades of fire exclusion, coupled with the increasing impacts of climate change, have dramatically increased wildfires’ size and intensity throughout the state. The 2021 wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: pyrodiversity, biodiversity, strategic planning, beneficial fire, cultural burning, managed fire, smoke management
At a fundamental level, smoke from wildland fire is of scientific concern because of its potential adverse effects on human health and social well-being. Although many impacts (e.g., evacuations, property loss) occur primarily in proximity to the actual fire, smoke can end up…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: human health, health effects, economic impacts, firefighter exposure, risk communication, social acceptability
Wildfires are a major threat to the environment and human populations. Every year, 700,000 hectares of forest are burnt in Europe, and particularly in the Mediterranean area where Corsica is affected with its 550,000 hectares of forests. Among the threats induced by forest fires…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, wood, thermoplastic, decking slabs, France, firefighting, cone calorimeter
[from the text] June 2022 in Alaska was a remarkable month for wildfire. An incredible 1.84 million acres burned, nearly tying the all-time record for June. Notably, 1.2 million acres burned in southwestern Alaska, more than doubling the area burned in that region since the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfire management, wildfire environment, tundra fire, carbon release, wildfire mitigation
Fires are an integral part of Mediterranean ecosystems, where they have played an ecological role for thousands of years. Nevertheless, fires also have a series of negative and significant impacts on people, properties, and the environment, with disastrous consequences on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM2.5, fire emission, fires impacts, Mediterranean vegetation, Italy, air quality
In response to the JFSP Funding Opportunity Notice, FON 2015-1 Task 2, which contemplated a Smoke Hazard Warning System, we proposed AIRPACT-Fire for enhanced communication of human health risk with improved wildfire smoke modeling, which robustly addressed the JFSP criteria. We…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Outreach, Safety
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest
Keywords: AIRPACT, WRF-SFIRE, WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ model, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, air quality, air pollution, forecasting, wildfire, forest fire, biomass burning, PM2.5, health effects, NowCast, health risk, visual range, relative risk, Kalman Filter, bias correction, kriging
Wildland fire, wildfire and prescribed burning, plays important roles in the ecosystems of Southeastern United States. Wildfires and related smoke can damage property and human health. In contrast, prescribed fire can reduce the occurrence, size, and severity of uncontrolled…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air pollution, air quality management, air quality, air quality modeling, biomass burning, land management, smoke exposure, smoke impacts, wildfire, fire management
Scientists and partners are working to advance our understanding of fire, developing planning tools, and understanding public perceptions to help reduce barriers to conducting prescribed fires.
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fuels treatment, POD - Potential Operational Delineation, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, community-based partnerships, lynx, habitat
The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System is EPA’s premier modeling system for studying air pollution from global to local scales. For nearly a quarter century, EPA and states have used CMAQ—a powerful computational tool for translating fundamental atmospheric…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, clouds, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, dry deposition, gas phase, vertical advection, vertical diffusion
Wildfires are one of the most important disturbance factors in Siberia, covering up to 30 Mha annually. Carbon emissions vary greatly depending on the ecosystem type and fire severity. The fuel load and structure in different ecosystems are fundamental drivers of fire behavior…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Siberia, fuel loads, wildfires, logging, fire emissions
Background: Efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of wildfire smoke have focused on modifying human behaviour to minimise individual exposure, largely accomplished by providing smoke forecasts, monitoring, and consistent public messaging.
Aims: To identify a strategy to reduce…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air pathways, air quality, back trajectories, communities, fuel treatments, PM2.5, source apportionment, vegetative strata, Oregon
Introduction
As wildfire smoke events increase in intensity and frequency in the Pacific Northwest, there is a growing need for effective communication on the health risks of smoke exposure. Delivery through a trusted source or intermediary has been shown to improve reception of…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: risk communication, public health, wildland fire, wildfire, trusted sources, trust, environmental hazards, thematic analysis, rural health, tribal health, Washington, Okanagan
Background
To reduce the negative health effects from wildfire smoke exposure, effective risk and health communication strategies are vital. We estimated the behavioral effects from changes in message framing and messenger in public health messages about wildfire smoke on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: public service announcements, public health, human behavior, social media, Facebook, health impacts
Smoke from wildfires has become a growing public health issue around the world but especially in western North America and California. At the same time, managers and scientists recommend thinning and intentional use of wildland fires to restore forest health and reduce smoke…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, climate change, fine particulate matter, health impacts, Lake Tahoe Basin, management regime, pile burning, wildfire
Since 1998, the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) has provided funding and science delivery for scientific studies associated with managing wildland fire, fuels, and fire-impacted ecosystems to respond to emerging needs of managers, practitioners, and policymakers from local to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program
Affected by global warming, methane gas released by permafrost degradation may increase the frequency of wildfires, and there are few studies on wildfires in permafrost regions and their correlation with climate and regional methane emissions. The northwestern section of the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: permafrost degradation, wildfire, methane emissions, climate change, correlation analysis, China
Mineral dust emissions mainly depend on soil erodibility and near-surface wind speeds. During biomass burning episodes, pyroconvection locally generates high surface wind speed and non-desert surfaces (such as forest and shrubs) are partially replaced by barren soil. These…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: mineral dust, wildfires, atmospheric composition, Europe, WRF-CHIMERE online regional modeling, AOD - aerosol optical depth, AERONET - Aerosol Robotic Network