Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 2310
The technologies and models based on machine vision are widely used for early wildfire detection. Due to the broadness of wild scene and the occlusion of the vegetation, smoke is more easily detected than flame. However, the shapes of the smoke blown by the wind change…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildland fire, smoke detection, wildfire, BiFPN - bidirectional feature pyramid network, Swin Transformer, feature enhancement
A wildfire smoke detection system using unmanned aerial vehicle images based on the optimized YOLOv5
Wildfire is one of the most significant dangers and the most serious natural catastrophe, endangering forest resources, animal life, and the human economy. Recent years have witnessed a rise in wildfire incidents. The two main factors are persistent human interference with the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfire detection, forest fire, UAV - unmanned aerial vehicles, drone images, YOLOv5, deep learning, CNN - convolution neural network, smoke detection
Satellite remote sensing of aerosol optical depth (AOD) is essential for detection, characterization, and forecasting of wildfire smoke. In this work, we evaluate the AOD (550 nm) retrievals during the extreme wildfire events over the western U.S. in September 2020. Three…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: AOD - aerosol optical depth, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, retrieval, wildfire, MAIAC - Multi‐angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction, AERONET - Aerosol Robotic Network
In southern Africa, drier conditions are more pronounced during the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) years, triggering wildfire activity and extreme drought conditions which, individually or together, lead to loss of crop productivity, deaths of livestock and wildlife, famine…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, wildfires, southern Africa, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, remote sensing
A compact and sensitive dual-gas laser absorption sensor was developed for smoldering peat fire detection by real-time monitoring of transient CO2 and CH4 emissions from peat combustion exhaust. The sensor combines two infrared lasers to exploit CH4 and CO2 absorption lines…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: absorption spectroscopy, wavelength modulation spectroscopy, smoldering combustion, peat fire, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CH4 - methane, fire detection
Join project staff and members of the committee for a public release webinar about the new report, The Chemistry of Fires at the Wildland-Urban Interface on Tuesday, September 20th from 3:00PM to 4:00PM EDT. The committee will share information about their findings and…
Person: Allen, Lowry, Adetona, Holder, Rosario-Ortiz, Turpin
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: public health, wildfires, fire chemistry, communities at risk, air quality, water quality
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds formed by the cooking of meat and combustion of biomass. There are relatively few data on HAAs in atmospheric particulate matter (PM). We developed an analytical method using high performance liquid…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, atmospheric particulate matter, heterocyclic aromatic amines, wildfire, HPLC-MS/MS - high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
From September 2019 to February 2020 fires destroyed dwellings, towns and killed farm animals and wildlife in much of eastern Australia. While the threat and experiences of fire differed, smoke became a quotidian experience for millions of people not in direct danger from flames…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: urban political ecology, wildfire, health, climate change, air quality, eastern Australia
We undertake a nationwide US study to estimate how mega-fires (defined as wildfires >100,000 acres in size) affect short-term infant health outcomes in communities located within the flame zone. This is the first study to look exclusively at mega-fires, which have unique…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: megafires, mega-fires, indirect effects, health impacts, infant health, flame zone
Forest/wildfires have been one of the most notable severe catastrophes in recent decades across the globe, and their intensity is expected to rise with global warming. Forest fire contributes significantly to particulate and gaseous pollution in the atmosphere. This study has…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: forest fire, wildfire, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, burn area, spatio-temporal, variation, Himalaya, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database
To collect partner and employee input on the Wildfire Crisis Strategy 10-year Implementation Plan, the Forest Service and National Forest Foundation hosted a series of roundtable discussions in the winter and spring of 2022. Individual roundtables were focused on each of the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: climate change, fire-adapted communities, fireshed, forest health, fuel treatment, ignition, land management, National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (Cohesive Strategy), resilience, wildfires, Wildfire Crisis Strategy, trusted communicators, shared stewardship, equity, ITEK - Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Although metal and metalloid concentrations in wildfire ashes have been documented, the nature and concentrations of incidental nanomaterials (INMs) in wildland-urban interface (WUI) fire ashes have received considerably less attention. In this study, the total metal and…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: incidental nanomaterials, ash, fire, North Complex Fire, LNU Lightning Complex Fire, metalloids, metals
Rapidly scaling up the use of prescribed fire is being promoted as an important pathway for reducing the growing damages of wildfire events in the United States, including limiting the health impacts from smoke emissions. However, we do not currently have the science needed to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: benefit analysis, cost benefit analysis, human health, knowledge gap, public acceptability, wildfires, wildfire management
Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, inverse modeling, airborne lidar, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, plume rise, WRF-Chem
Field-based sampling can provide more accurate evaluation than MODIS in regional biomass burning (BB) emissions given the limitations of MODIS on unresolved fires. Polyurethane foam-based passive air samplers (PUF-PASs) are a promising tool for collecting atmospheric…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, PUF-PAS - polyurethane foam-based passive air sampler, Indo-China Peninsula, levoglucosan, lignin, top-down emission estimations
Biomass burning is an important and changing component of global and hemispheric carbon cycles. Boreal forest fires in Russia and Canada are significant sources of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The influence of carbon monoxide (CO) on the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, Russia, boreal forest, boreal fire, wildfires, thermal infrared, satellite data, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, CH4 - methane
Wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols, and the production, dispersion, and transformation of fire emissions have significant ambient air quality impacts and climate interactions. The increase in wildfire area burned and severity across the United States and…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: emission factors, wildland fire, wildfire, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, CH4 - methane, C - carbon, VOC - volatile organic compounds
Wildfires in America are becoming larger, more frequent, and more destructive, driven by climate change and existing land management practices. Many of these fires occur at the wildland-urban interface (WUI), areas where development and wildland areas overlap and which are…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Planning, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords:
Climate change impacts and rapid development in the wildland-urban interface are increasing population exposure and vulnerability to the harmful effects of wildfire and wildfire smoke. The direct and indirect effects of these hazards may impact future mobility decisions among…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: climate migration, risk perception, personal experience, wildfire, threat appraisal, migration intentions, mitigation
Black (EBC) and Brown (BrC) Carbon are ubiquitous constituents of atmospheric particulate matter that affect people’s health, disrupt ecosystems, and modulate local and global climate. Tracking the local deposition and sources of these aerosol particles is essential to better…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Southwest, International
Keywords: black carbon, brown carbon, troposphere, wildfires, PAX - photoacoustic extinctiometer, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, planetary boundary layer, HRRR - High Resolution Rapid Refresh
Deep-learning (DL)-based object detection algorithms can greatly benefit the community at large in fighting fires, advancing climate intelligence, and reducing health complications caused by hazardous smoke particles. Existing DL-based techniques, which are mostly based on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildfire, incipient stage, smoke density, detection, deep learning, computer vision, encoder–decoder Transformer, direct set prediction, attention mechanism, benchmarks, Nemo - Nevada Smoke detection benchmark
Traffic models can be used to study evacuation scenarios during wildland-urban interface fires and identify the ability of a community to reach a safe place. In those scenarios, wildfire smoke can reduce visibility conditions on the road. This can have serious implications on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: evacuation traffic modelling, wildfire, driving speed, optical density, evacuation, visibility
Increasing fire impacts across North America are associated with climate and vegetation change, greater exposure through development expansion, and less-well studied but salient social vulnerabilities. We are at a critical moment in the contemporary human-fire relationship, with…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, smoke management, resilience, environmental justice, hazard reduction, SETS - social-environmental-technological systems, climate change, wildfires
In this short communication, we estimate that California's wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions from 2020 are approximately two times higher than California's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions since 2003. Without considering future vegetation regrowth…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, greenhouse gas emissions, economic impacts, forest management, CO2 emissions
In recent years, California experienced the largest, most destructive and deadliest wildfires in its history. Wildfires can cause fatalities and injuries, impair air quality for nearby and distant populations, and devastate the immediate area, leaving communities with often…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: public health, wildfire, fire mitigation, fire suppression, air quality, water quality, power shutoff, forest management