Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 63
Mitigating smoke impacts on human health and safety is one of the challenges that landowners and agencies face when conducting prescribed burns. Particulate matter (PM) in smoke, produced by the combustion of fuels during burning, can aggravate respiratory ailments and reduce…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke impacts, human health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, BlueSky
Wildfires can impair human health because of the toxicity of emitted pollutants, and threaten communities, structures and the integrity of ecosystems sensitive to disturbance. Climate and socioeconomic factors (e.g. population and income growth) are known regional drivers of…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: socioeconomic changes, wildfires, human health, air quality, annual area burned
The increasing regional and global impact of wildfires on the environment, and particularly on the human population, is becoming a focus of the research community. Both fire behaviour and smoke dispersion models are now underpinning strategic and tactical fire management by many…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, eucalypt, fine fuels, CWD - coarse woody debris, C - carbon, fuel loading, CABLE
The Rim Fire was one of the largest wildfires in California history, burning over 250,000 acres during August and September 2013 affecting air quality locally and regionally in the western U.S. Routine surface monitors, remotely sensed data, and aircraft based measurements were…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: 2013 Rim Fire, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, air quality, wildfires, O3 - ozone, PM2.5, AOD - aerosol optical depth, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging
Heating from wildfires adds buoyancy to the overlying air, often producing plumes that vertically distribute fire emissions throughout the atmospheric column over the fire. The height of the rising wildfire plume is a complex function of the size of the wildfire, fire heat flux…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire plumes, wildfires, smoke modeling, atmospheric modeling, RxCADRE, Florida
The terrestrial biosphere currently absorbs about 30% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This carbon uptake over land results primarily from vegetation’s response to increasing atmospheric CO2 but other factors also play a role. Here we show that since the 1930s increasing…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, carbon uptake, climate change, area burned, fire suppression effects, croplands, wildfires
Introduction: Wildland fires degrade air quality and adversely affect human health. A growing body of epidemiology literature reports increased rates of emergency departments, hospital admissions and premature deaths from wildfire smoke exposure. Objective: Our research aimed to…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Oregon, Idaho, Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, health impact assessment, source apportionment, PM2.5, ozone, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildland fires, southern California wildfires, particulate air pollution, hospital admissions, smoke exposure, mortality
The quantification of the UV characteristics of smoke aerosols is valuable to UV Index forecasting, air quality studies, air chemistry studies, and assessments of the impacts on regional and global environmental changes. The wavelength dependence of the light absorption by smoke…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: aerosols, UV radiation, WRF-Chem-SMOKE model, remote sensing, satellite data, aircraft measurements
The air quality and fire management communities are faced with increasingly difficult decisions regarding critical fire management activities, given the potential contribution of wildland fires to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Unfortunately, in model frameworks used for air…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest
Keywords: emission factors, organic compounds, secondary organic aerosol, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildland fires, AIRPACT, PM2.5, fire management, air quality, fine particulate matter, VOC - volatile organic compounds
The air quality and fire management communities are faced with increasingly difficult decisions regarding critical fire management activities, given the potential contribution of wildfires and prescribed burns (wildland fires) to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Unfortunately,…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest
Keywords: air quality, PM2.5, secondary organic aerosol, smoke plumes, biomass burning, VOC - volatile organic compounds
Wildland fire emissions are routinely estimated in the US Environmental Protection Agency’s National Emissions Inventory, specifically for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and precursors to ozone (O3); however, there is a large amount of uncertainty in this sector. We employ a…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, air quality modeling, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, wildland fire emissions, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, O3 - ozone
To understand the health effects of wildfire smoke, it is important to accurately assess smoke exposure over space and time. Particulate matter (PM) is a predominant pollutant in wildfire smoke. In this study, we develop land-use regression (LUR) models to investigate the impact…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Alberta, Canada, pollution, air pollution, public health, smoke exposure, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, AOD - aerosol optical depth, land use regression, spatial analysis
Air Resource Advisors provide a vast array of tools and products to predict and communicate smoke impacts during wildfires. Having a resource solely dedicated to smoke management and effective messaging improves both internal and external communication.
Person: Lahm
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, smoke impacts, ARA - Air Resource Advisor, smoke forecast, agency coordination, public communication, air quality
Wildland fires are a major source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), one of the most harmful ambient pollutants for human health globally. To represent the influence of wildland fire emissions on atmospheric composition, regional and global chemical transport models rely on…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, wildfires, PM2.5, burned area, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, FINN - Fire Inventory of NCAR, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, air quality
Fire radiative power (FRP) retrievals are now routinely made from polar and geostationary instruments, providing a means to estimate fuel consumption and trace gas and aerosol emissions directly from remotely sensed observations. This study presents the first investigation of…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, vegetation canopy structure, radiative transfer models, LAI - leaf area index, SEVIRI - Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Africa
Using data from the St. Luke's site in Meridian, ID (near Boise) during 2006-2017 and a 2017 summer intensive campaign, we investigate enhancements in ozone (O3) during wildfire events in an urban area. We calculate a wildfire criterion based on the National Oceanic and…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: Idaho, wildfires, biomass burning, PAN - peroxyacetyl nitrate, GAM - generalized additive model, ozone, enhancement ratio
This fact sheet summarizes smoke research relevant to the southeastern U.S. funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) as presented in the publication, 'A compendium of brief summaries of smoke science research in support of the Joint Fire Science Program Smoke Science Plan…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, fuel consumption, smoke plume height, superfog, smoke dispersion
Environmental monitoring and modelling, especially in the regional context, has seen significant progress with the widely usage of satellite measurement in conjunction with local meteorological and air quality monitoring to understand the atmospheric dispersion and transport of…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, bushfire, aerosol transport, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, CCAM - Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model, CALIPSO, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Fire managers use prescribed fire and some wildfires to meet resource management objectives, like restoring and maintaining ecological processes, watershed function, and wildlife habitat, as well as to reduce fuels and mitigate the risk of severe wildfires. However, public…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke impacts, air quality, remote sensing, human dimensions of wildland fire, wildfires, fire management, public perception, WFAQRP - Wildland Fire Air Quality Response Program, ARA - Air Resource Advisor
The requirement to model wind is inherently connected with the modelling of many fire-related phenomena. With its defining influence on fire behaviour, spread and smoke transport, the solution of a problem with and without wind exposure will lead to substantially different…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wind, computational wind engineering, fire safety, CFD - Computational Fluid Dynamics, fire analysis
Globally, fires are a major source of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere, occurring on a seasonal cycle and with substantial interannual variability. To understand past trends and variability in sources and sinks of terrestrial carbon, we need quantitative…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: global fires, land use, C - carbon
Prescribed burning (PB) is practiced throughout the USA, most extensively in the southeast, for the purpose of maintaining and improving the ecosystem and reducing wildfire risk. However, PB emissions contribute significantly to trace gas and particulate matter loads in the…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire activity, forecasting, burn area, CART - classification and regression trees, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, DDM - decoupled direct method, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, satellite detection, air quality
Weather is an important factor that determines smoke development, which is essential information for planning smoke field measurements. This study identifies the synoptic systems that would favor to produce the desired smoke plumes for the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: wildland fire, smoke plume, drainage, superfog, field campaign, FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment
Large-scale wildfires affect millions of hectares of land in Indonesia annually and produce severe smoke haze pollution and carbon emissions, with negative impacts on climate change, health, the economy and biodiversity. In this study, we apply a mechanistic fire model to…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire models, burned area, tropical forest, peatland, Indonesia, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database
In the Southern Hemisphere and tropics, the main contribution to carbon monoxide (CO) variability is from fire emissions, which are connected to climate through the availability, type and dryness of fuel. Here, we assess the data‐driven relationships between CO and climate,…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: CO - carbon monoxide, chemistry, statistical models, Africa, Australia, South America, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation