Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 61
Smouldering combustion is of particular relevance in ecosystems with carbon rich soils, such as peatlands (Rein 2013; Turetsky et al. 2011). Topical examples of large peatland fires are the tropical peatland fires in Indonesia and the Russian peatland fires near Moscow, which…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke behavior, peat, soil moisture, United Kingdom, Europe, fire management, smoke management, peatlands, peat moisture content, Approximate Bayesian Computation
Fire has a role in ecosystem services; naturally produced wildfires are important for the sustainability of many terrestrial biomes and fire is one of nature's primary carbon-cycling mechanisms. Under a warming climate, it is likely that fire frequency and severity will increase…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, biomass burning, policy, air quality
In the Huon Valley, Tasmania, current public perception is that smoke from regeneration burning is the principal cause of pollution events in autumn. These events lead to exceedences of national air quality standards and to significant health impacts on the rural population. To…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, season of fire, aerosols, air quality, particulates, pollution, regeneration, Tasmania, Australia, fire management, forest management, particulate matter, levoglucosan, residential wood burning, biomass, Huon Valley Tasmania
Leaves from three species of Eucalyptus were combusted in a mass-loss calorimeter to characterise the effect of fuel moisture on energy release and combustion products for this genus. Increasing moisture content reduced peak heat release and the effective heat of combustion in a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, fire control, fire intensity, fuel moisture, heat, ignition, air quality, CO2 - carbon dioxide, leaves, Eucalyptus spp., Australia, fire management, fuel management, effective heat of combustion, emission factors, Eucalyptus bicostata, Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus tereticornis, heat release rate, ignition probability, time to ignition, heat of combustion
The health and function of forest ecosystems throughout the world include periodic exposure to disturbances such as fire. Fire has been instrumental in the evolution of large segments of flora and fauna and in preventing fuel accumulations that resulted in extreme fire behaviour…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Social Science
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, flammability, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel models, live fuels, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, fragmentation, grazing, invasive species, native species (plants), site treatments, soil erosion, thinning, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, smoke management, burn severity, community preparedness, decision support, forest thinning, live fuels, mechanical treatment, risk assessment, smoke transport
The effects of two exogenous factors, ground fires and industrial air pollution, on natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) cenopopulations have been studied in the Transural region. It has been found that an increased level of air pollution leads to a decrease…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, ground fires, wildfires, air quality, pollution, population density, regeneration, understory vegetation, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Asia, fire management, forest management, smoke management, coniferous forests, Scots pine, industrial air pollution, ground fires, natural regeneration
Surface ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios were measured at Mei-Feng (24.05 ºN, 120.10 ºE, 2269 m above sea level) remote mountain site between March 2009 and September 2010 to investigate the impact of regional pollution on O3 and CO. The results showed that the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, air quality, aerosols, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, gases, CH4 - methane, ozone, pollution, Taiwan, Asia, fire management, ozone, biomass combustion, long-range transport, Asian outflow, DO3, DCO ratio
Questions: What are the characteristics of soil seed banks in highly endangered renosterveld vegetation and adjacent degraded sites? What is the contribution of the soil seed bank to restoring renosterveld vegetation after degradation through agriculture or afforestation?…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, seed dormancy, seed germination, South Africa, Africa, fire management, range management, smoke management, fynbos, abandoned field, Cape Floristic Region, degradation, fynbos, soil seed bank
To investigate the characteristics of gas emissions from a tropical peatland fire, ground-level measurement of fire-generated gases was conducted during a large fire event in Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2009. Concentrations of CO and CH4 showed positive linear correlations with…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, peat fires, air quality, carbon dioxide, gases, global warming, greenhouse gases, Asia, Indonesia, fire management, forest management, peatlands, tropical regions, biomass burning, emission ratio, fire-generated gas emission, Global Warming Potential, Indonesia, tropical peatland
Among the key issues in smoke management is predicting the magnitude and location of smoke effects. These vary in severity from hazardous (acute health conditions and drastic visibility impairment to transportation) to nuisance (regional haze), and occur across a range of scales…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, particulates, pollution, Canada, Mississippi, Tennessee, fire management, smoke management, air-quality impacts, forest fires, atmospheric transport, lower stratosphere, stochastic models, plume rise, simulation, system, dispersion, smoke modeling, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems
The worldwide 'wildfire' problem is headlined by the loss of human lives and homes, but it applies generally to any adverse effects of unplanned fires, as events or regimes, on a wide range of environmental, social, and economic assets. The problem is complex and contingent,…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire, Economics, Fuels, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire control, fire damage (property), fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, fire suppression, firebrands, flame length, lightning caused fires, prescribed fires (escaped), rate of spread, wildfires, air quality, mortality, species diversity (plants), succession, fire management, forest management, fuel management, smoke management, adaptation, asset, biodiversity, disaster, fire management, fire regime, human fatality, policy
Present day lead pollution is an environmental hazard of global proportions. A correct determination of natural lead levels is very important in order to evaluate anthropogenic lead contributions. In this paper, the anthropogenic signature of early metallurgy in Southern Iberia…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, charcoal, deforestation, erosion, paleoecology, pollution, toxicity, Spain, Europe, fire management, soil management, Late Prehistory, lead pollution, anthropogenic environmental impact, metallurgy, southern Iberia
Two new types of signaling compounds have been discovered in wildfire smoke due to their ability to stimulate seed germination. The first discovered were karrikins, which share some structural similarity with the strigolactone class of plant hormones, and both signal through a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, chemical compounds, seed germination, Australia, fire management, smoke management, karrikins, strigolactones, cyanohydrins, cyanide, seed germination, Arabidopsis thaliana
Emissions of trace gases and C5-C10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Mediterranean wildfires occurring in Portugal in summer 2010 were studied. Fire smoke was collected in Tedlar bags and analysed for CO, CO2, total hydrocarbons (THC) and VOCs. The CO, CO2 and THC emission…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, wildfires, air quality, carbon dioxide, gases, hydrocarbons, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management, Mediterranean habitats, wildfires, Mediterranean forest, emission factors, trace gases, VOCs
Background: Several studies have evaluated the association between forest fire smoke and acute exacerbations of respiratory diseases, but few have examined effects on pharmaceutical dispensations. We examine the associations between daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, diseases, health factors, particulates, pollution, British Columbia, Canada, smoke management, fires, air pollution, asthma, pulmonary disease chronic obstructive, epidemiology
The purpose of this work is to propose new indices for the spatial validation of hazardous plumes forecast, and apply and test them with data of a case study. One, the Plume-Overlap-Area Hit index, is a modification of a widely used index that considers the overlap area between…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: grass fires, rangeland fires, wildfires, remote sensing, Argentina, South America, fire management, range management, smoke management, grasslands, plume forecast, dispersion model, validation index, case study
This study examines the impact of forest fires on natural biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and windblown dust emissions over urban areas; specifically over the Athens larger urban zone for the reference year 2008. The area spans a continuum of urban-suburban-wild…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, pollution, wind, Greece, Europe, fire management, smoke management, urban habitats, forest fires, EI - Emission Inventory, windblown dust, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds
The Russian boreal zone supports a huge terrestrial carbon pool. Moreover, it is a tremendous reservoir of wood products concentrated mainly in Siberia. The main natural disturbance in these forests is wildfire, which modifies the carbon budget and has potentially important…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, clearcutting, logging, regeneration, Larix spp., larch, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Siberia, Asia, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, light conifer stands, Pinus spp., clear cuts, partial logging, legal and illegal logging, fuel consumption, carbon emissions, regeneration
North Australian tropical savanna accounts for 12% of the world's total savanna land cover. Accordingly, understanding processes that govern carbon, water and energy exchange within this biome is critical to global carbon and water budgeting. Climate and disturbances drive…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire size, fuel loading, wildfires, disturbance, greenhouse gases, insects, storms, windthrows, Northern Territory of Australia, Queensland, fire management, smoke management, savannas, tropical regions, Cyclone Monica, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, GPP - gross primary production, disturbance, termites
Smoke plays a positive role in promoting seed germination and enhancing post-germination processes. The compound in smoke is 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one (KAR1). Recently a structurally related butenolide [3,4,5-trimethylfuran-2(5H)-one, (trimethylbutenolide, TMB)], which…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: post fire recovery, smoke effects, air quality, seed germination, seeds, soil nutrients, Lactuca sativa, South Africa, Africa, fire management, smoke management, soil management, grasslands, bioassay, burning, karrikins, seed germination, smoke residues, soil extracts
Durative haze clouds with unusual yellow color appeared in East China in agricultural burning period during June 8-12 in 2012, causing extreme air pollution in densely populated regions including Jiangsu, Hubei, and the Yangtze River Delta. The spatial variation, vertical…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: cropland fires, aerosols, agriculture, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, China, Asia, fire management, range management, croplands, yellow haze, agricultural burning, satellite, dust transport, East China
In subtropical evergreen forest in East China, forest fires cause huge economic losses. Flammability of fresh leaves can play an important role in determining fire spread. Therefore, a study on the influence of fire on evergreen trees is of great importance to investigate the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Occurrence, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire resistant plants, flammability, heat, wildfires, evergreens, leaves, China, Asia, fire management, forest management, flammability, forest fire, heat release rate, total smoke release
In recent years, bushfires and prescribed burns have caused substantial economic loss to the wine industry due to smoke taint, which makes wine unpalatable. Considerable research is being done to ameliorate smoke taint but the information available about the effect of smoke on…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, agriculture, gases, leaves, litter, photosynthesis, statistical analysis, transpiration, Australia, fire management, land management, smoke management, bushfire, gas exchange, stomatal conductance, transpiration, physiology, grapevines
Smoke pollution from wildfires can adversely affect human health, and there is uncertainty about the amount of smoke pollution caused by prescribed v. wildfires, a problem demanding a landscape perspective given that air quality monitoring is sparse outside of urban airsheds.…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, fire size, wildfires, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, Victoria, New South Wales, Australia, fire management, landscape ecology, smoke management, biomass smoke pollution, eucalypt forest, fire management, landscape ecology, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, smoke plume, smoke pollution
Karrikins are butenolide compounds released from burning vegetation that stimulate seed germination and enhance seedling photomorphogenesis. Strigolactones are structurally similar plant hormones that regulate shoot and root development, and promote the germination of parasitic…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, chemical compounds, light, seed germination, seedlings, Australia, smoke management, karrikin, Strigolactone, KAI2, HY5, photomorphogenesis