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From the text ... 'The Haines Index is the first attempt to construct a formal fire-weather index based upon features of the lower atmosphere.Does it work?... This index uses the environmental lapse rate (temperature difference) within a layer of air coupled with its moisture…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: catastrophic fires, Colorado, crown fires, fire case histories, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, fuel models, fuel moisture, fuel types, humidity, Idaho, lightning caused fires, moisture, Montana, national forests, Oregon, rate of spread, rural communities, smoke behavior, spot fires, statistical analysis, temperature, topography, Washington, water, wilderness fire management, wildfires, wind
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Abies spp., air quality, Arizona, biomass, catastrophic fires, Colorado, coniferous forests, crown fires, crowns, disturbance, education, environmental impact analysis, environmental impact statements, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, firebreaks, forest management, fuel breaks, fuel management, fuel types, general interest, grasses, herbaceous vegetation, human caused fires, landscape ecology, logging, low intensity burns, Montana, mortality, mosaic, national forests, national parks, New Mexico, old growth forests, Oregon, overstory, partial cutting, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, prescribed fires (chance ignition), Pseudotsuga menziesii, public information, roads, second growth forests, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness Areas, site treatments, size classes, slash, surface fuels, thinning, US Forest Service, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires, Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, annual plants, catastrophic fires, Ceanothus, Centaurea, Colorado, coniferous forests, Cytisus, disturbance, duff, ecosystem dynamics, erosion, fire case histories, fire dependent species, fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, fishes, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, general interest, health factors, herbaceous vegetation, Idaho, invasive species, light burning, lightning caused fires, litter, logging, Montana, national forests, national parks, native species (animals), native species (plants), natural resource legislation, Pinus albicaulis, Pinus ponderosa, plant communities, precipitation, riparian habitats, runoff, seedlings, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness Areas, shrubs, smoke effects, soil nutrients, soils, streams, surface fires, thinning, water, water quality, water repellent soils, weed control, wildfires, wildlife food plants, wildlife habitat management, woody fuels
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, International
Keywords: British Columbia, Canada, catastrophic fires, coastal forests, community ecology, coniferous forests, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, education, erosion, fine fuels, fire adaptations (animals), fire adaptations (plants), fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, forest management, fuel management, fuel moisture, general interest, grazing, Great Plains, histories, landscape ecology, lightning caused fires, livestock, logging, Mexico, national forests, national parks, native species (animals), native species (plants), Nebraska, old growth forests, Oregon, Picea engelmannii, pine forests, Pinus contorta, Pinus engelmannii, Pinus ponderosa, prescribed fires (chance ignition), Pseudotsuga menziesii, public information, roads, Sequoia sempervirens, Sequoiadendron giganteum , smoke effects, South Dakota, thinning, Tsuga heterophylla, Washington, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
The combine harvesting technology which has become common in the rice-wheat system in India leaves behind large quantities of straw in the field for open residue burning, and Punjab is one such region where this is regularly happening. This becomes a source for the emission of…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, chemistry, disturbance, fire management, fire size, gases, India, leaves, mosaic, remote sensing, statistical analysis, suppression, taxonomy, burned patches, decision-tree classifier, knowledge-based classification, thermal band
A newly developed method, which involves the use of satellite measurements of energy released by fires, was used to estimate smoke emissions in the United States (US) Southern Great Plains (SGP). This SGP region was chosen because extensive agricultural and planned burning…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, croplands, energy, fire frequency, fire management, grasslands, Great Plains, particulates, radiation, range management, remote sensing, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Measurements of total ozone column and solar UV radiation under different atmospheric conditions are needed to define variations of both UV and ozone and to study the impact of ozone depletion at the Earth's surface. In this study, spectral and broadband measurements of UV-B…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, dust, fire frequency, gases, India, natural areas management, ozone, radiation, remote sensing, tropical regions, UV index, aerosols, ozone, biomass burning, TUV model
This two-part series investigates the emission and transport of biomass burning aerosol (or particulate matter) across the Top End of the Northern Territory or Australia. In Part I, Meyer et al. [2008. Biomass burning emissions over northern Australia constrained by aerosol…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, brush fires, distribution, fire management, fire scar analysis, fuel loading, mountainous terrain, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, pollution, radiation, remote sensing, statistical analysis, wind, bushfire emissions, TAPM, aerosol optical depths, Modis data, air quality modelling, air quality in northern territory, atmospheric radiative transfer, radiative forcing efficiency
Vegetation fires emit a number of air pollutants, thus impacting air quality at local, regional and global scales. One such pollutant is the particulate matter (PM) that is known to trigger adverse health effects. In this study, the CALPUFF/CALMET/MM5 modeling system is employed…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Arizona, Colorado, cropland fires, fire management, fire size, firing techniques, fuel loading, fuel moisture, Mexico, particulates, pollution, range management, rate of spread, remote sensing, wind, agricultural fire, PM - particulate matter, plume dispersion, CALPUFF, CALMET, MM5
Pines (genus Pinus) form the dominant tree cover over large parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Human activities have affected the distribution, composition, and structure of pine forests for millennia. Different human-mediated factors have affected different pine species in…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, browse, conservation, cover, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, fire exclusion, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, forest management, grazing, logging, paleoecology, pine forests, pine, Pinus, pollution, wildfires, air pollution, biological invasions, conservation, land use
Throughout Australia's biogeographical history, the vegetation over most of the continent has experienced a long and complex evolutionary relationship with fire. Many of the vegetative forms that have evolved over time, and which are uniquely Australian, rely on fire to complete…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, ecosystem dynamics, fire control, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, germination, histories, introduced species, native species (plants), New South Wales, population density, range management, sampling, seed germination, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, species diversity (plants), temperature, urban habitats, vegetation surveys
Wildfire emissions are challenging to measure and model, but simple and realistic estimates can benefit multiple disciplines. We evaluate the potential of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data to address this objective. A total of 11,004 fire pixels detected…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, British Columbia, Canada, fire danger rating, fire management, fire size, GIS - geographic information system, remote sensing, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, area burned, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, aerosol emissions
Biomass burning is one of many sources of particulate pollution in Southeast Asia, but its irregular spatial and temporal patterns mean that large episodes can cause acute air quality problems in urban areas. Fires in Sumatra and Borneo during September and October 2006…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, Borneo, fire management, fire size, fuel models, Indonesia, Malaysia, pollution, Singapore, smoke management, Southeast Asia, Sumatra, urban habitats, wildfires, biomass burning, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, aerosol, aerosol transport modeling, aerosol modeling, emissions modeling, smoke emissions, Sumatra, Borneo
Long term, high quality estimates of burned area are needed for improving both prognostic and diagnostic fire emissions models and for assessing feedbacks between fire and the climate system. We developed global, monthly burned area estimates aggregated to 0.5º spatial…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, fire management, fire scar analysis, fire size, gases, remote sensing, statistical analysis, trees
The history and development of ecologically-based fire management policies in savanna protected areas during the 20th century are reviewed. Research on fire in savannas began in the 1950s, and from the 1980s onwards, managers of savanna protected areas experimented on large…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, CO2 - carbon dioxide, conservation, evolution, fire management, fire regimes, histories, Loxodonta africana, mammals, national parks, precipitation, range management, savannas, South Africa, wildfires, adaptive management, enrichment, elephants, heterogeneity
Biomass burning is significant to emission estimates because: (1) it can be a major contributor of particulate matter and other pollutants; (2) it is one of the most poorly documented of all sources; (3) it can adversely affect human health; and (4) it has been identified as a…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest, Southwest
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Arizona, biomass, biomass burning, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel loading, GIS, national parks, Oregon, ozone, particulates, pollution, private lands, radiation, range management, rangelands, remote sensing, smoke management, wildfires, biomass burning, remote sensing, area burned, Environmental Protection Agency, climate change, Arizona and Oregon
The European coastal heathlands are important habitats for international conservation. Today, these low-intensity farming systems are threatened by the cessation of traditional management regimes, such as grazing and prescribed burning. In natural systems, the effects of fire on…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: adaptation, Calluna, Calluna vulgaris, conservation, Europe, fire management, forest management, germination, grazing, heathlands, histories, human caused fires, keystone species, Norway, paleoecology, plant communities, population density, post fire recovery, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, smoke management, succession, anthropogenic disturbance, germination cues, palaeoecology, plant-derived smoke, secondary succession
The inorganic main elements, trace elements and PAHs were determined from selected PM1, PM2.5 and
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, chemical compounds, distribution, Europe, Finland, hydrocarbons, particulates, K - potassium, season of fire, smoke management, wildfires, wind, atmospheric aerosols
Historical range of variation (HRV) has been used as a conceptual tool to determine appropriate management actions to sustain or restore diversity of ecological systems. This concept has come into question for both biological and social considerations, and the southeastern…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: cavity nesting birds, coastal plain, Colinus virginianus, disturbance, fine fuels, fire dependent species, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, fire sensitive plants, fire suppression, forest fragmentation, forest management, fragmentation, fuel management, game birds, Georgia, grasslands, histories, human caused fires, Jones Ecological Research Center, land use, logging, low intensity burns, Native Americans, nongame birds, Picoides borealis, pine, pine forests, Pinus elliottii, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda, savannas, soil management, species diversity (plants), threatened and endangered species (animals), understory vegetation, wetlands, disturbances, fire regimes, historical, future range of variability, legacies, rareness, social acceptability, species richness
Data from multiple satellite remote sensors are integrated with ground measurements and meteorological data to study the impact of Greek forest fires in August 2007 on the air quality in Athens. Two pollution episodes were identified by ground
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Europe, fire management, Greece, pollution, remote sensing, smoke management, wildfires, MISR plume height, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, AOD - aerosol optical depth, OMI - Ozone Monitoring Instrument, Greek forest fires, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory
Long-range transported particulate matter (PM) air pollution episodes associated with wildfires in the Eastern Europe are relatively common in Southern and Southeastern Finland. In severe cases such as in August-September 2002, the reduced visibility and smell of the smoke, and…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Belarus, biomass, combustion, diseases, Europe, Finland, fire case histories, fire management, health factors, light, mortality, particulates, pollution, Russia, smoke effects, smoke management, toxicity, Ukraine, wildfires, PM2.5, mortality, uncontrolled biomass combustion, long-range transport, forest fire
Agricultural residue burning is one of the major causes of greenhouse gas emissions and aerosols in the lndo-Ganges region. In this study, we characterize the fire intensity, seasonality, variability, fire radiative energy (FRE) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) variations during…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire size, season of fire, aerosols, agriculture, air quality, greenhouse gases, pollution, radiation, remote sensing, India, Asia, fire management, forest management, croplands, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, agricultural residues, biomass burning, aerosol optical depth variations
We measured isocyanic acid (HNCO) in laboratory biomass fires at levels up to 600 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), demonstrating that it has a significant source from pyrolysis/combustion of biomass. We also measured HNCO at mixing ratios up to 200 pptv (parts-per-trillion by…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Safety
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: biomass burning, combustion, fire case histories, laboratory fires, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, biomass, health factors, Colorado, Montana, fire management, smoke management, troposphere, heterogeneous chemistry
Biomass burning is often associated with climate oscillations. For example, biomass burning in South-east Asia is strongly linked to El Nino-southern oscillation activity. During October and November of the 2006 El Nino year, a substantial increase in CO mixing ratios was…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, peat fires, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, remote sensing, Australia, Borneo, New Guinea, Sumatra, New Zealand, fire management, tropical regions, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, pacific ocean, peat burning, voluntary observing ship
Biomass burning and associated emissions of aerosols into the atmosphere play a vital role in atmospheric composition and climate change. During summer of 2007, Greece faced the worst natural disaster recorded in recent decades in terms of human losses, number of fire outbreaks…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, radiation, remote sensing, Greece, Europe, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, forest fires, remote sensing, radiative forcing, Peloponnese, Greece