Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 22 of 22
Several boreal insect species respond to smoke and heat generated by forest fires and use recent burns to reproduce in high numbers. Some of these species are rare or uncommon in undisturbed forests, and the contribution of recently burned habitats to their population dynamics…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Models, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: age classes, boreal forests, Canada, conservation, distribution, fire adaptations (animals), fire dependent species, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, fire suppression, forest management, habitat suitability, heat, insects, logging, population density, Quebec, reproduction, salvage, snags, statistical analysis, suppression, wildfires, wildlife habitat management, wood, boreal forest, forest fire, habitat connectivity, population dynamics, pyrophilous insects
With evidence of increasing wildfire risks in wildland-urban interface zones in the U.S. West and elsewhere, understanding intended evacuation behavior is a growing issue for community planners. This research investigates intended evacuation behavior due to wildfire risks, using…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Planning, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: distribution, fire damage (property), fire hazard reduction, fire injuries (humans), fire management, fire suppression, forest management, fuel accumulation, Mexico, national forests, New Mexico, population density, public information, statistical analysis, wildfires, evacuation, wildfire
A newly developed method, which involves the use of satellite measurements of energy released by fires, was used to estimate smoke emissions in the United States (US) Southern Great Plains (SGP). This SGP region was chosen because extensive agricultural and planned burning…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, croplands, energy, fire frequency, fire management, grasslands, Great Plains, particulates, radiation, range management, remote sensing, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Throughout 2004,
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, England, Europe, fire management, human caused fires, smoke behavior, United Kingdom, wildfires
Measurements of total ozone column and solar UV radiation under different atmospheric conditions are needed to define variations of both UV and ozone and to study the impact of ozone depletion at the Earth's surface. In this study, spectral and broadband measurements of UV-B…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, dust, fire frequency, gases, India, natural areas management, ozone, radiation, remote sensing, tropical regions, UV index, aerosols, ozone, biomass burning, TUV model
This two-part series investigates the emission and transport of biomass burning aerosol (or particulate matter) across the Top End of the Northern Territory or Australia. In Part I, Meyer et al. [2008. Biomass burning emissions over northern Australia constrained by aerosol…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, brush fires, distribution, fire management, fire scar analysis, fuel loading, mountainous terrain, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, pollution, radiation, remote sensing, statistical analysis, wind, bushfire emissions, TAPM, aerosol optical depths, Modis data, air quality modelling, air quality in northern territory, atmospheric radiative transfer, radiative forcing efficiency
In May 2003, intense forest fires occurred over Siberia, which were the largest fires in the past decade. In order to quantify the effects of these fires on regional air quality in East Asia, we used a global chemical transport model (CTM) with a biomass burning emission…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, forest management, ozone, Russia, Siberia, wildfires, chemical transport model, biomass burning, forest fire aerosols, radiative forcing, tropospheric ozone
The Amazon is being rapidly transformed by fire. Logging and forest fragmentation sharply elevate fire incidence by increasing forest desiccation and fuel loads, and forests that have experienced a low-intensity surface fire are vulnerable to far more catastrophic fires.…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Amazon, Brazil, catastrophic fires, deforestation, droughts, ENSO, evapotranspiration, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, flammability, forest edges, forest fragmentation, forest management, fragmentation, fuel loading, fuel moisture, climate change, human caused fires, land use, leaves, litter, logging, low intensity burns, overstory, precipitation, rainforests, rate of spread, remote sensing, South America, succession, surface fires, tropical forests, tropical regions, wildfires, woody fuels
Biomass burning is a major source of aerosols that affect air quality and the Earth's radiation budget. Current estimates of biomass burning emissions vary markedly due to uncertainties in biomass density, combustion efficiency, emission factor, and burned area. This study…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Arizona, Arkansas, biomass, biomass burning, combustion, coniferous forests, cover, cover type, deciduous forests, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, Florida, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, grasses, grasslands, hardwood forests, heavy fuels, Idaho, leaves, litter, Louisiana, moisture, Montana, needles, Oregon, particulates, radiation, remote sensing, shrubs, statistical analysis, vegetation surveys, wildfires, biomass burning emissions, particulate matter, multiple satellite instruments, GOES, near real time
Plume dispersion models may improve assessment of the health effects associated with forest fire smoke, but they require considerable expertise in atmospheric and fire sciences to initialize and evaluate. Products from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Alberta, British Columbia, Canada, decay, fire management, fire size, forest management, health factors, Idaho, Montana, pollution, remote sensing, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, Washington, wildfires, forest fire smoke, dispersion modeling, MODIS products, public health
Background: Air pollution in Darwin, Northern Australia, is dominated by smoke from seasonal fires in the surrounding savanna that burn during the dry season from April to November. Our aim was to study the association between particulate matter less than or equal to 10 microns…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: aborigines, air quality, Australia, diseases, fire hazard reduction, fire management, health factors, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, pollution, savannas, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, vegetation surveys, wildfires
In the Mediterranean basin, fires are a major concern for forest and shrubland ecosystems. We studied flammability, its seasonality and its relationship with leaf moisture and volatile terpene content and emission in the dominant species of a Mediterranean shrubland and forest…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Arbutus, Arbutus unedo, Cistus spp., Cistus albidus, coniferous forests, ecosystem dynamics, Erica, Erica multiflora, Europe, fire management, flammability, forest management, Globularia, humidity, leaves, Mediterranean habitats, moisture, Phillyrea, Phillyrea latifolia, Pinus halepensis, Pistacia, plant physiology, precipitation, Quercus, Quercus ilex, Rosmarinus, Rosmarinus officinalis, season of fire, shrublands, soil moisture, Spain, statistical analysis, temperature, vegetation surveys, water, wildfires, wind, Arbutus unedo, Cistus albidus, emission and content of volatile compounds, Erica multiflora, Globularia alypum, Phillyrea latifolia, Pinus halepensis, Pistacia lentiscus, Quercus ilex, Rosmarinus officinalis
This past year has been a period of transition for the Rocky Mountain Research Station. In 2006, we identified the need to move from an organization of approximately 30 research work units whose work was formed around national Strategic Program Areas, to a more streamlined team-…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: Forest Service, research, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Alternative techniques for determining the extinction coefficient and the lidar ratio from the optical-depth and backscatter-coefficient profiles are compared: (1) the techniques, in which the extinction coefficient is a primarily extracted parameter, which is then used to…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: backscatter coefficient, lidar ratio, extinction coefficient, optical depth profiles
The Fire Emissions Production Simulator (FEPS) is an open source, user-friendly computer program designed for a wide range of users. The software manages data about consumption, emissions, and heat release characteristics of wildland fires and prescribed burns on an hourly basis…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: CONSUME, FEPS - Fire Emissions Production Simulator, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, NFDRS - National Fire Danger Rating System, software, EPM - Emissions Production Model, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke management
A comprehensive numerical modeling framework was developed to estimate the effects of collective global changes upon ozone pollution in the US in 2050. The framework consists of the global climate and chemistry models, PCM (Parallel Climate Model) and MOZART-2 (Model for Ozone…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: climate model, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, global change, MM5 mesoscale model, fire emissions, ozone pollution
A synthesis of data and analyses identified eight separate wildfire events (five in boreal Canada and three in the western United States) that impacted the Pittsburgh Supersite, as well as Toronto, during June and July 2002. These data also revealed a larger structure in the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: boreal fire, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air pollution, Canada, stagnant conditions, wildfires, synoptic
In wildland fires, gaseous fuel released from the thermal degradation of vegetation is burnt in the flame surrounding the solid. The gaseous fuel is a complex and variable mixture including mainly CO, CH4, CO2, and other light hydrocarbons (C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6). For the first…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, mechanisms, oxidation
A number of previous modeling studies have assessed the implications of projected CO2-induced climate change for future terrestrial ecosystems. However, although current understanding of possible long-term response of vegetation to elevated CO2 and CO2-induced climate change in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: boreal forest, climate change, GCMs - general circulation models, LAI - leaf area index, tropical forest, fire emissions, global potential natural vegetation distribution, HadCM climate model, NPP - net primary production, SRESA1B 2100 climate model
To understand how boreal forest carbon (C) dynamics might respond to anticipated climatic changes, we must consider two important processes. First, projected climatic changes are expected to increase the frequency of fire and other natural disturbances that would change the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: age classes, air quality, boreal forests, Canada, C - carbon, coniferous forests, decomposition, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, climate change, organic matter, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, plant growth, statistical analysis, wildfires, Canada, CBM-CFS3 - Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector, global change
Emissions of aerosol from biomass burning in northern Australia are globally significant, yet existing estimates of their magnitude are essentially unconstrained by observation. This two-part series (see Part II by Luhar et al. [2008. Biomass burning emissions over northern…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, brush fires, C - carbon, distribution, fire danger rating, fire management, fire scar analysis, fuel loading, Northern Territory of Australia, radiation, remote sensing, savannas, season of fire, spot fires, statistical analysis, tropical regions, western Australia, bushfire emissions, fire scars, hotspots, TAPM, Modis data, aerosol loading, air quality in northern territory, Top End
Past atmospheric methane concentrations show strong fluctuations in parallel to rapid glacial climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere1,2 superimposed on a glacial-interglacial doubling of methane concentrations3-5. The processes driving the observed fluctuations remain…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, C - carbon, Europe, forest management, CH4 - methane, wetlands