Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 151 - 175 of 363
The western United States experienced a record-breaking wildfire season in 2020. This study quantifies the contribution of wildfire emissions to the exceedances of health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for fine particles (PM2.5) by comparing two CMAQ…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: 2020 fire season, biomass burning, aerosol, air quality, exceedance, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, human health
The Australian 2019/2020 bushfires were unprecedented in their extent and intensity, causing a catastrophic loss of habitat, human and animal life across eastern-Australia. We use a regional air quality model to assess the impact of the bushfires on particulate matter with a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, public health, megafires, 2019/2020 Australian wildfires, Australia, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, bushfire, health impacts, smoke exposure
Increased prescribed burning is needed to provide a diversity of public benefits, including wildfire hazard reduction, improved forest resilience, and biodiversity conservation. Though rare, escaped burns or significant smoke impacts may result in harm to individuals and…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: disaster funds, escaped fires, natural hazards, negligence, fire hazard reduction
Forest fires are still a large concern in several countries due to the social, environmental and economic damages caused. This paper aims to show the design and validation of a proposed system for the classification of smoke columns with object detection and a deep learning-…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke detection, fire detection, wildfires, deep learning, Portugal
Lesson Overview: Students explore the fire triangle through interactive experiments to understand the relationship of heat, fuel, and oxygen with fire. This provides the theoretical underpinnings for how fire works.
Lesson Goal: Increase students’ understanding of the fire…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Course
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords:
Smoke detection is of great significance for fire location and fire behavior analysis in a fire video surveillance system. Smoke image classification methods based on a deep convolution network have achieved high accuracy. However, the combustion of different types of fuel can…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke detection, convolutional neural network, spatio-temporal attention, China, fire detection
Although accurate estimates of biomass loss during peat fires, and recovery over time, are critical in understanding net peat ecosystem carbon balance, empirical data to inform carbon models are scarce. During the 2019 dry season, fires burned through 133,631 ha of degraded…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Indonesia, emission factor, shrubs, ferns, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, litter, bulk density, peatlands, carbon content, peat depth, C - carbon, Kalimantan
This study examines the effect of wildfire smoke on ozone (O3) production at an urban site in Bakersfield, CA. We used data from smoky and non-smoky weekdays in summer 2018. Median surface observations across the smoky and non-smoky weekdays showed that morning and afternoon O3…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, O3 - ozone, VOC - volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, NO - nitrogen oxide, box model, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5
Large wildland fires generate smoke that can compromise air quality over a wide area. Limited studies have suggested that smoke constituents may enter natural water bodies. In an 18-year water monitoring study, we examined whether smoke from distant wildland fires had a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, water quality, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Canada, Alberta
In November 2018, the Woolsey Fire burned north of Los Angeles, CA, USA, potentially remobilizing radioactive contaminants at the former Santa Susana Field Laboratory, a shuttered nuclear research facility contaminated by chemical and radiochemical releases. Wildfire in…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: Woolsey Fire, radioactive aerosol, contaminant transport, soils, dust, ash, public health
In recent years, the pan-Arctic region has experienced increasingly extreme fire seasons. Fires in the northern high latitudes are driven by current and future climate change, lightning, fuel conditions, and human activity. In this context, conceptualizing and parameterizing…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: climate change, Arctic, wildfires, AMAP - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, black carbon, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, fire management
Forest fires are important natural disturbances that influence accurate estimations of forest carbon budgets, largely owing to the uncertainty of carbon emissions from forest fires. Fuel burning efficiency is an important factor affecting accurate estimations of carbon emissions…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: burning efficiency, carbon emissions, carbon storage, fire severity, forest fires, forest types, Great Xing’an Mountains, environmental factors, China
One of the main sources of greenhouse gases is forest fire, with carbon dioxide as its main constituent. With increasing global surface temperatures, the probability of forest fire events also increases. A method that enables rapid quantification of emissions is even more…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, forest fire, wildfire, GEE - Google Earth Engine, Indonesia, CO2 - carbon dioxide
Wildland fires involve complicated processes that are challenging to represent in chemical transport models. Recent airborne measurements reveal remarkable chemical tomography in fresh wildland fire plumes, which remain yet to be fully explored using models. Here, we present a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: tomography, plumes, wildfire, wildland fire, chemical transport model, O3 - ozone, HONO - nitrous acid, air quality
Remote sensing (RS) images have been widely used in disaster monitoring due to their wide observation and timeliness. Wildfire is a type of destructive disaster, and smoke is an important signal of the occurrence of wildfires; therefore, it is necessary to perform smoke…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke detection, remote sensing, scene classification, feature aggregation, wildfire, Global2Salient
In the austral summer period, Dec 7, 2019 to Mar 1, 2020, which included unprecedented bushfire activity, total suspended particulate concentrations of methanesulfonate (MSA), oxalate, labile iron, SO42−, Cl−, Na+, K+, NH4+, water soluble solids (WSS) and water soluble organic…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, Sydney, methanesulfonate, oxalate, bushfires, iron, dust, WSOC - water soluble organic carbon, PM2.5
Objectives: To determine healthcare service utilisation for cardiorespiratory presentations and outpatient salbutamol dispensation associated with 2.5 months of severe, unabating wildfire smoke in Canada’s high subarctic.
Design: A retrospective cohort study using hospital,…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, subarctic, air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, cardiorespiratory disease, human health, wildfire, NWT - Northwest Territories, hospital admissions, asthma, pneumonia
Wildland fire activity and associated emission of particulate matter air pollution is increasing in the United States over the last two decades due primarily to a combination of increased temperature, drought, and historically high forest fuel loading. The regulatory monitoring…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: PM2.5, wildland fire, PM - particulate matter, small form factor sampler, air quality
This report presents key findings, conclusions, and recommendations from a longitudinal research study on wildfire preparedness and evacuation planning in a pandemic (CONVERGE 2020).
The research aim was to understand the social, ecological, and public health dimensions of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfire, preparedness, evacuation, COVID-19, pandemics, risk perception
Indonesian fire events generate significant impacts on ecosystems, society, and climate regionally and globally. Following severe burning in 2015, Indonesia prioritized targeted fire prevention to reduce crop destruction, haze, forest degradation, and carbon emissions. We show…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: Indonesia, fire management, wildfires, degraded forests, smallholders, fire activity
Background: In the context of climate change and deforestation, Brazil is facing more frequent and unprecedented wildfires. Wildfire-related PM2·5 is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes; however, the magnitude of these associations in the Brazilian context is…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, Brazil, hospitalizations, public health
Wildfires are now a common feature of the western US, increasing in both intensity and number of acres burned over the last three decades. The effects of this changing wildfire and smoke landscape are a critical public and occupational health issue. While respiratory morbidity…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: air pollution, PM - particulate matter, male reproduction, epigenetics, needles
An intensified pattern of wildfire is emerging in Alaska as rapidly increasing temperatures and longer growing seasons alter the state's environment. Both tundra and Boreal forest regions are seeing larger and more frequent fires. The impacts of these fires are felt across the…
Person: Grabinski
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, wildfire management, annual area burned, seasonal fires, human-caused fires, lightning, duff, mean annual temperature, MAP - mean annual precipitation, fire season length, fire return interval, wildfire preparedness
Brazil has recently (2014) changed from a zero-fire policy to an Integrated Fire Management (IFM) program with the active use of prescribed burning (PB) in federal Protected Areas (PA) and Indigenous Territories (IT) of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). PB is commonly applied in…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management, fire policy, remote sensing, burned area, scar size, savannas, Brazil, fire size
Background: One of the scientific challenges of understanding climate change has been determining the important drivers and metrics of global carbon (C) emissions and C cycling in tropical, subtropical, boreal, subarctic, and temperate peatlands. Peatlands account for 3% of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: carbon emissions, dNBR - differenced (or delta) Normalized Burn Ratio, ground fires, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, peatland, temperate, wildfires, Pains Bay Fire, North Carolina, carbon cycling