Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 22 of 22
The health and function of forest ecosystems throughout the world include periodic exposure to disturbances such as fire. Fire has been instrumental in the evolution of large segments of flora and fauna and in preventing fuel accumulations that resulted in extreme fire behaviour…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Social Science
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, flammability, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel models, live fuels, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, fragmentation, grazing, invasive species, native species (plants), site treatments, soil erosion, thinning, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, smoke management, burn severity, community preparedness, decision support, forest thinning, live fuels, mechanical treatment, risk assessment, smoke transport
Background: Several studies have evaluated the association between forest fire smoke and acute exacerbations of respiratory diseases, but few have examined effects on pharmaceutical dispensations. We examine the associations between daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, diseases, health factors, particulates, pollution, British Columbia, Canada, smoke management, fires, air pollution, asthma, pulmonary disease chronic obstructive, epidemiology
Exposure to combustion products from wildland fires causes respiratory irritation and decreased lung function among firefighters. The authors evaluated carbon monoxide (CO) exposures of a group of wildland firefighters who conducted prescribed burns in the southeastern United…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighting personnel, CO - carbon monoxide, health factors, fire management, forest management, exposure assessment, wildland, firefighter
Experimental studies indicate that exposure to woodsmoke could induce oxidative stress. However studies have not been conducted among the general population and specialized occupational groups despite the existence of elevated woodsmoke exposure situations. Therefore, we…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighting personnel, smoke effects, air quality, health factors, pollution, Georgia, South Carolina, fire management, smoke management, coastal plain, pine hardwood forests, oxidative stress, 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), malondialdehyde (MDA), wildland firefighters, woodsmoke, oxidatively damaged DNA
Background: A study of the impacts on respiratory health of the 2007 wildland fires in and around San Diego County, California is presented. This study helps to address the impact of fire emissions on human health by modeling the exposure potential of proximate populations to…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: catastrophic fires, fire case histories, wildfires, air quality, Foehn winds, health factors, southern California, fire management, forest management, smoke management, wildland fire, particulate matter emissions, syndromic surveillance, generalized additive modeling, air quality, respiratory health, San Diego County
Background: Exposure to wildfire smoke has been associated with cardiopulmonary health impacts. Climate change will increase the severity and frequency of smoke events, suggesting a need for enhanced public health protection. Forecasts of smoke exposure can facilitate public…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, Northwest
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, health factors, remote sensing, British Columbia, Canada, fire management, smoke management
Objective : We examined the association between validated bushfire smoke pollution events and hospital admissions in three eastern Australian cities from 1994 to 2007.
Methods : Smoke events were defined as days on which bushfire smoke caused the 24‐hour citywide average…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, air quality, Australia, bushfires, public health, PM - particulate matter, hospital admissions, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, vegetation fires
Key Findings: 1)Climate forecasts indicate that the South's spring and fall wildfire seasons will be extended. 2)Prescribed fires, currently conducted on roughly a 3 to 5 year rotation across much of the South, would need to become more frequent if conditions become drier. 3)…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, climate change, fire potential, human health, PDI - Palmer Drought Index, fuel build up, climate scenario, wildfire potential mapping, future fire activity, prescribed fire alternatives
The term 'backfire' refers to a commonly used method for prescribed burning in which the igniter sets a line of fire that slowly backs into the wind. This technique should not be confused with the colloquial use of the term 'backfire' for 'suppression fire,' which refers to any…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, backfire
Existing studies on the economic impact of wildfire smoke have focused on single fire events or entire seasons without considering the marginal effect of daily fire progression on downwind communities. In addition, neither approach allows for an examination of the impact of even…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Safety
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, wildfires, respiratory illness, distributed lag models, count data models
We used a combination of field measurements and simulation modelling to quantify the effects of salvage logging, and a combination of salvage logging and pile-and-burn fuel surface fuel treatment (treatment combination), on fuel loadings, fire behaviour, fuel consumption and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, fuel reduction treatments, FFE-FVS - Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator, salvage logging, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Oregon, pile burn, blowdown, windstorms, fire hazard reduction, flame length, fuel loading, heavy fuels, woody fuels, air quality, duff, elevation, lichens, litter, logging, mosses, overstory, population density, salvage, shrubs, size classes, storms, wind, windthrow, fire management, forest management, fuel management, sloping terrain
Exposure to combustion products from wildland fires causes respiratory irritation and decreased lung function among firefighters. The authors evaluated carbon monoxide (CO) exposures of a group of wildland firefighters who conducted prescribed burns in the southeastern United…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: southeastern United States, firefighter health, smoke exposure, CO - carbon monoxide
The air in the valley settles like a grey blanket, engulfing residents with lingering smoke for what could be days or weeks. The smoke might come from a wildfire being fought miles away, a prescribed burn, or a neighbor's woodstove or burn pile. The wind may sweep this low-…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: public opinion, smoke impacts, public perceptions, NWFSC - Northwest Fire Science Consortium
[from the text] Land managers and officials need to understand the diverse public opinions toward smoke from wildland fires; however, a very limited amount of research has been conducted on this topic. Hence, land and fire managers are largely uncertain about society's…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: escaped fire, public perception, trust, public health, public attitudes
At the request of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) Equipment and Technology Committee, the National Technology and Development Center undertook a project to determine the exposure levels of wildland smoke to firefighters. In 2010, at the request of the NWCG Risk…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carcinogen, respirable dust, inhalation irritants, particulate exposure, vegetative smoke
Emissions from biomass combustion are a major source of indoor and outdoor air pollution, and are estimated to cause millions of premature deaths worldwide annually. Whilst adverse respiratory health effects of biomass exposure are well established, less is known about its…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, biomass, health effects, heart rate, respiratory illness, cardiovascular disease, blood pressure
Before about 1970, visibility was meant only to denote the human capability to detect, recognize, and identify objects by means of the human visual mechanism. During the 1970s, as energy development in the form of strip mines and coal-fired power plants with associated emissions…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, haze, public health, urban air pollution, urban visibility
Wildland firefighters in the United States are occupationally exposed to high levels of woodsmoke. Results from experimental studies show that exposure to woodsmoke induces inflammation. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of occupational woodsmoke exposure on…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: inflammation, firefighter safety, firefighter health, smoke exposure, PM2.5, CO - carbon monoxide, biomarkers, wood smoke, interleukin-8, blood sample
Even if you don’t live in an area prone to wildfires, your health may be threatened by smoke from fires raging in other parts of the country. New NRDC analysis shows that about two-thirds of the United States—nearly 212 million people—lived in counties affected by smoke…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, climate change, health impacts, PM2.5, community response
Temperate peatlands represent a substantial store of carbon and their degradation is a potentially significant positive feedback to climate change. The ignition of peat deposits can cause smouldering wildfires that have the potential to release substantial amounts of carbon and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, peat fires, wildfires, C - carbon, national parks, peat, Scotland, United Kingdom, Europe, fire management, forest management, peatlands, FWI - Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System, carbon emissions, depth of burn, fire danger, fire severity, fuel consumption
We estimate future wildfire activity over the western United States during the mid-21st century (2046-2065), based on results from 15 climate models following the A1B scenario. We develop fire prediction models by regressing meteorological variables from the current and previous…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fire danger rating, fuel loading, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, statistical analysis, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, fire management, forest management, fuel management, range management, coniferous forests, deserts, savannas, shrublands, wildfire, ensemble projection, fuel load, aerosol concentration
Sequestration of carbon (C) in forests has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change by offsetting future emissions of greenhouse gases. However, in dry temperate forests, wildfire is a natural disturbance agent with the potential to release large fluxes of C into…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, ladder fuels, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, climate change, crowns, decay, population density, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, fire management, forest management, fuel management, coniferous forests, C - carbon, wildfire, fuel treatments