Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 151
Atmospheric deposition is the result of air pollution gases and aerosols leaving the atmosphere as 'dry' or 'wet' deposition. Little is known about just how much pollution is deposited onto soils, lakes and streams. To determine the extent and trends of forest exposure to air…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: nitrogen deposition, air resource management, sulfur deposition, wet deposition, dry deposition, atmospheric deposition, NADP/NTN, CASTNET, IMPROVE
[Excerpt from preface] Mountain Meteorology: Fundamentals and Applications aims to heighten awareness and appreciation of the weather in mountainous areas by introducing the reader to the basic principles and concepts of mountain meteorology and by discussing applications of…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: mountain weather data, mountain meteorological effects
The fire plume interacting with an inclined surface was visualised and analysed using a modified positive-negative grid schlieren system combined with a CCD camera and computer system. The fire source was simulated by a gas burner with a fine perforated burning surface. This…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: slope, fire plumes, fire plume attachment, critical inclination angle
A southeasterly flow in the form of a low-level jet that enters the Mexico City basin through a mountain gap in the southeast corner of the basin developed consistently in the afternoons or early evenings during a four-week 1997 winter field campaign. Peak wind speeds often…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: gap, wind, Mexico City
We used an airborne Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (AFTIR), coupled to a flow-through, air-sampling cell, on a King Air B-90 to make in situ trace gas measurements in isolated smoke plumes from four, large, boreal zone wildfires in interior Alaska during June 1997.…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfire, AFTIR - airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, trace gas emissions, boreal forest fires, smoke plumes, smoke monitoring
Fires in the northern interior have long been known to smolder for long periods. Because emission rates from smoldering smoke are small in comparison to rates of emissions during flaming, however, and because it is difficult to monitor smoldering fires, there are few…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Frostfire, CO emissions, smoldering fires
The TASET project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program to develop a structured analysis of smoke management and to recommend specific developments for advancing the state of science in this field. The structured analysis was conducted by determining specific information…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, smoke management, TASET - Technically Advanced Smoke Estimation Tools
Project Objectives: We request support from the JFSP to: 1. adapt FFE-FVS to support fire-related economic analysis by linking FFE-FVS to IASELECT (Wiitala 1992) and CHEAPOII (Horn and others 1986). IASELECT quantifies the optimal economic performance of a fire organization in…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FFE-FVS - Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator, fire suppression, cost-benefit analysis
High carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations from uncertain origins occurred episodically in the southeastern USA during the summer of 1995. It is shown that these episodes were caused by large forest fires in Canada. Over a period of 2 weeks, these natural emissions increased CO…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: air quality, Canada, CO - carbon monoxide, pollutant concentrations
Measurements of the spatial variability of methane (CH4) emissions, net CO2 ecosystem exchange (NEE), and dissolved carbon (CH4, CO2, and DOC) were made in a boreal patterned peatland in northern Sweden in the summers (May to September) of 1992 and 1993. Carbon balance terms…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, atmosphere, carbon storage, CH4 - methane, CO2 - carbon dioxide, DOC - dissolved organic carbon, peatland
FrostFire is a major field experiment and modeling effort to study the role of fire in boreal forests as a global change feedback and simultaneously provide fire managers with an improved capacity to predict fire severity based on meteorological conditions. The centerpiece of…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: fire severity, boreal, carbon release, carbon stock, Frostfire
A 3-D numerical investigation is carried out to assess the impact of a forest fire in northeastern China on the photochemical oxidant cycle of east Asia. Two simulations, without and with the emissions from the fire, are carried out during springtime in May 1987. The fire,…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosol index, Asia, black carbon, boreal forests, China, emission estimates, numerical modeling, tropospheric ozone, aerosols, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, fire case histories, fire management, human caused fires, Japan, ozone, remote sensing, wildfires
The first-ever experimental study of gaseous emissions from tropical biomass in southeast Asia is reported. Forest fires have been responsible for regional haze episodes in recent years, and most of the fires were in areas where peat is the dominant biomass fuel. Samples of peat…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, Asia, CH4 - methane, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, haze, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, peat
Lists the conference proceedings of the 3rd Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology as part of the 80th AMS Annual Meeting (Jan. 9-14, 2000 in Long Beach, CA).
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emissions and smoke, fire behavior, planning, proceedings, weather
The Tanana River basin in interior Alaska occupies approximately 11.9 million hectares. Forests of the basin consist of white or black spruce (Picea glauca, P. mariana), tamarack (Larix laricina), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), and balsam…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: biodiversity, disturbance, ecosystem management, arthropods, fire management, timber, fuelwood, history, mining, Tanana River Basin, Betula, Betula papyrifera, black spruce, bottomland hardwood, diseases, ecology, ecosystem dynamics, education, forest management, forest products, fuel types, histories, human caused fires, hunting, insects, Larix spp., Larix laricina, lightning caused fires, logging, mammals, mortality, mosaic, Native Americans, Picea, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, Populus, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, presettlement fires, public information, riparian habitats, roads, understory vegetation, wood
To assess the extent of agricultural and wildland burning in the tropical forest and savanna of central Brazil, a multi-year research effort is underway. This research quantifies the area of tropical forest and cerrado (savanna) burned and the magnitude of fire emissions to the…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management, fire return interval, Brazil, tropical savannas
Fire suppression has resulted in severe management challenges, especially in the wildland-urban interface zone. Fire managers seek to reduce fuels and risks in the interface zone, while striving to return the natural role of fire to wildland ecosystems. Managers must balance the…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: fire benefits, fire severity, GIS - geographic information system, landscape scale, fuel management, wildland fire use, fire risk, air quality, computer program, drought, ecosystem dynamics, fire damage (property), fire dependent species, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, fuel accumulation, health factors, Idaho, ignition, JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, land use, landscape ecology, Montana, natural resource legislation, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness, site treatments, suppression, surface fuels, topography, wilderness fire management, wildland fuels, wildfires
A comprehensive investigation of Canadian boreal forest fires was conducted using NOAA-AVHRR imagery. Alogorithms were developed to (1) detect active forest fires, (2) map burned areas on daily and annual basis, and (3) estimate fire emissions based on burned area and Canadian…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire, burned area
The paper addresses forest fire regimes in central Siberia. Past fire frequency was reconstructed for forest ecosystems situated at different latitudes. A method is proposed for rating lightning forest fire danger.
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, forest fire, Siberia, storm, agriculture, air quality, bogs, boreal forests, C - carbon, catastrophic fires, climatology, combustion, deciduous forests, dendrochronology, distribution, disturbance, drought, ecosystem dynamics, ecotones, fire frequency, fire management, fire management planning, fire scar analysis, flammability, forest management, geology, grasses, grasslands, herbaceous vegetation, human caused fires, Idaho, JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, lichens, lightning, lightning caused fires, logging, montane forests, mosses, needles, Pinus, Pinus sibirica, Pinus sylvestris, precipitation, rate of spread, regeneration, rivers, Russia, season of fire, shrubs, soils, stand characteristics, statistical analysis, storms, surface fires, taiga, temperature, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, woody plants, wildfires
This paper describes results of FROSTFIRE, a forest fire experiment carried out in July 1999 and also surveys results of the Donnelly Flats forest fire in June 1999 from the point of view of forest fire behavior. An investigation of the Donnelly Flats forest fire site found that…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: combustion, fire management, fuel loadings, Frostfire, air quality, black spruce, boreal forests, CO2 - carbon dioxide, cover, dendrochronology, ecology, experimental fire, fire intensity, fuel management, ignition, lichen moss fuels, lightning, lightning caused fires, mosses, needles, photography, Picea mariana, population density, temperature, trees, wilderness fire management
The forest floor contributes the majority of carbon and nitrogen emitted by boreal forest fires. Therefore, estimates of C and N emissions require characterization of volumetric C and N storage of mature stands. Sampling the forest floor by <5-cm depth increments, we have…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: C - carbon, forest floor, N - nitrogen, air quality, black spruce, boreal forest, ecology, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fuel management, litter, mosses, organic soils, sampling, Picea mariana, smoke management, soil management, stand characteristics, understory vegetation, watersheds, wildfires
Smoke exposure measurements among firefighters during prescribed burns in the Pacific Northwest between 1991 and 1994 showed that a small but significant percentage of workers experienced exposure to carbon monoxide and respiratory irritants that exceeded occupational exposure…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Pacific Northwest, pollution, smoke exposure, firefighters, health effects
Smoke exposure measurements among firefighters at wildfires in the Western United States between 1992 and 1995 showed that altogether most exposures were not significant, between 3 and 5 percent of the shift-average exposures exceeded occupational exposure limits for carbon…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, western United States, smoke exposure, firefighters, occupational health, pollutants, industrial hygiene
Technically advanced smoke estimation tools (TASET) - Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program
The TASET project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program to develop a structured analysis of smoke management and to recommend specific developments for advancing the state of science in this field. We approached this problem by first developing a task-oriented breakdown…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: strategic planning, smoke management, evaluation and monitoring, operations, smoke estimation tools, structured analysis, tactical planning and permitting, TASET - Technically Advanced Smoke Estimation Tools
If approved, we will deliver to the Joint Fire Science Project a needs analysis and feasibility plan for a national smoke management model including consideration of the current state of the science and emerging technologies (anticipated to be available in three to five years)…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke dispersion, TASET - Technically Advanced Smoke Estimation Tools, needs analysis