Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 234
The goal of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of the commonly used ozone (O3) instrument (the ultraviolet (UV) photometer) against a Federal Reference Method (Nitric Oxide –chemiluminescence) for ozone measurement in wildfire smoke plumes. We carried out simultaneous ozone…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: O3 - ozone, UV photometer, NO-chemiluminescence, wildfires, smoke plumes, Oregon
Biomass burning is an important source to the atmosphere of carbonaceous particulate matter that impacts air quality, climate, and human health. The semivolatile nature of directly-emitted organic particulate matter can result in particle evaporation as smoke plumes dilute.…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: organic aerosols, biomass burning, phase partitioning, smog, plume, photooxidation, PM - particulate matter
Although representing only a small mass fraction of the emissions from biomass burning, the emitted particle-phase organic species (organic aerosol, OA) exert importance influences on visibility, climate, and human health. Wildland fire, both prescribed and wildfires, is a…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: organic aerosols, PM - particulate matter, biomass burning
The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the main driver of climate variability at mid to high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere, affecting wildfire activity, which in turn pollutes the air and contributes to human health problems and mortality, and potentially provides strong…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire scars, AAO - Antarctic Oscillation, climate modes, warming, synchrony, South America
Canada is expected to see an increase in fire risk under future climate projections. Large fires, such as that near Fort McMurray, Alberta in 2016, can be devastating to the communities affected. Understanding the role of human emissions in the occurrence of such extreme fire…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, extremes, Alberta, event attribution, CFFDRS - Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System
The Great Dismal Swamp (GDS) National Wildlife Refuge delivers multiple ecosystem services, including air quality and human health via fire mitigation. Our analysis estimates benefits of this service through its potential to reduce catastrophic wildfire related impacts on the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire mitigation, ecosystem services, Virginia, wildfires, human health, geospatial data, Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, air quality
The goal of this project was to develop the Plume Dynamics and Meteorology portion of the Study Plan for the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE). The Investigators participated in regular meetings with the other discipline leads, modeling leads, and the science…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: plume dynamics, FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, meteorology
Fire is a major ecosystem disturbance that profoundly impacts vegetation dynamics, atmospheric trace gases and aerosol composition, climate, and the welfare of wildlife and human society. While climate is generally a critical driving factor shaping the occurrence, size, and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire feedbacks, biomass burning, CO2 - carbon dioxide
The objective of FASMEE is to obtain measurements that can be used to evaluate and advance operational smoke models. Among the focus areas listed in the FON task statements are the modeling of fire growth, fire behavior, and plume development. In current operational models, the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: DAYSMOKE, FIRETEC, WFDS - Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator, WRF - Weather Research and Forecasting, FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, fire plumes
Wildfires and prescribed fires produce emissions that are harmful to human health. These health effects, however, are difficult to quantify, likely in part due to sparse data on exposure. The ability to measure fire emissions as they reach sensitive areas is critical to ensuring…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: public health, air quality, OAS - Outdoor Aerosol Sampler, PM2.5, Colorado
This proposed study was in response to the Joint Fire Sciences FA-FON0016-0004 Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) Task 5 -Modeling leads. The purpose was to evaluate Daysmoke and PB-Piedmont (PB-P) models to provide information for the FASMEE Phase 2 design.…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, DAYSMOKE, smoke dispersion
Recent advancements in fire-atmosphere numerical modeling have increased the number of physical processes integrated into these coupled models. This greater complexity allows for more comprehensive representation of the coupled interactions and feedbacks between the fire and the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Great Basin, Southwest
Keywords: FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, WRF-SFIRE-CHEM, WRF-SFIRE
The purpose of this study was to examine how exposure to two different types of plant-derived smoke (grass smoke and wood smoke) affects the germination of common native and invasive plants found in the northern Great Plains. First, we hypothesize that smoke (both grass-derived…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: germination, vegetation dynamics, grasses
Biomass burning emissions emit a significant amount of trace gases and aerosols and can affect atmospheric chemistry and radiative forcing for hundreds or thousands of kilometres downwind. They can also contribute to exceedances of air quality standards and have negative impacts…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: Siberia, wildfires, air quality, smoke plume, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, O3 - ozone, PM2.5, Canada, British Columbia, fire plumes
Particulate matter emissions from wildfires affect climate, weather and air quality. However, existing global and regional aerosol emission estimates differ by a factor of up to 4 between different methods. Using a novel approach, we estimate daily total particulate matter (TPM…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International
Keywords: Canada, PM - particulate matter, wildfires, aerosols, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, AOT - aerosol optical thickness, boreal forests, temperate forests, air quality
US surface O3 responds to varying global-to-regional precursor emissions, climate, and extreme weather, with implications for designing effective air quality control policies. We examine these conjoined processes with observations and global chemistry-climate model (GFDL-AM3)…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Asia, wildfires, O3 - ozone, ozone, surface ozone, climate change, isoprene emissions, air quality
Biomass burning (BB) is one of the most important contributors to atmospheric aerosols on a global scale, and wildfires are a large source of emissions that impact regional air quality and global climate. As part of the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP) field campaign…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildfires, biomass burning, aerosols, organic aerosols, chemistry, organic compounds, mass spectrometry
The vast majority of Australia's fires occur in the tropical north of the continent during the dry season. These fires are a significant source of aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the region, providing a unique opportunity to investigate the biomass burning aerosol…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, savanna fires, aerosols, CCN - cloud condensation nuclei , biomass burning, BBA - biomass burning aerosol, Northern Territory of Australia, diurnal
Exposure to wildland fire smoke is associated with negative effects on human health. However, these effects are poorly quantified. Accurately attributing health endpoints to wildland fire smoke requires determining the locations, concentrations, and durations of smoke events.…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: social media, Facebook, smoke exposure, PM2.5, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, WRF-Chem, wildfires, air quality, LFS - landscape fire smoke, PM - particulate matter, regression models, Google Trends
Lesson Overview: In this activity, students learn about the composition of smoke from wildland fire, how it disperses, and its health impacts. They do a pre-class reading assignment and worksheet. During class, they discuss the pre-class reading, watch a video or demonstration…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Course
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, inversion, PM2.5, atmospheric dynamics
Wildland fire smoke is a complex mixture of air contaminants that have the potential cause adverse health effects. Individuals can be exposed occupationally if they work as wildland firefighters or public exposure from ambient air that is contaminated with smoke from a nearby or…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke exposure, human health, firefighters, public health, air pollution impacts
Lesson Overview: In this activity, students learn that smoke from wildland fires can either disperse readily or stick around, reducing visibility on the earth’s surface and making it difficult to breathe. From a demonstration, they learn that long-term smoke episodes caused by…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Course
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California
Keywords: inversion, PM - particulate matter, fire-induced atmospheric conditions, visibility, human health
Lesson Overview: In this activity, students learn that smoke from wildland fires can either disperse readily or stick around, reducing visibility on the earth’s surface and making it difficult to breathe. Then they apply health guidelines regarding smoke to a very important…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Course
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California
Keywords: human health, air quality, PM - particulate matter, visibility
Prescribed burns of winter wheat stubble and Kentucky bluegrass fields in northern Idaho and eastern Washington states (U.S.A.) were sampled using ground-, aerostat-, airplane-, and laboratory-based measurement platforms to determine emission factors, compare methods, and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Northwest
Keywords: agricultural burning, emission factors, wheat, bluegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis, PM - particulate matter, VOC - volatile organic compounds, PAH - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PM2.5, organic carbon, modified combustion action, Washington, Idaho
Prescribed burning is an important land management tool for upland hardwood forests, with fuel reduction, ecosystem restoration, and wildlife habitat improvement often cited as primary goals. Mechanical fuel reduction by cutting shrubs and small trees (also termed fire…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: reptiles, amphibians, birds, invertebrates, mechanical fuel reduction, hardwood forest, land management, National Fire and Fire Surrogate Study