Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 146
The public policy of the State of Nevada is to achieve and maintain levels of air quality which will protect human health and safety, prevent injury to plant and animal life, prevent damage to property, and preserve visibility and the scenic and esthetic values of the state. The…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords:
The purposes of the Arkansas Voluntary Smoke Management Guidelines (guidelines) are to assure adherence to air quality regulations and to manage smoke from prescribed fire so the smoke’s impact on people will be acceptable.
These guidelines will allow the prescribed fire manager…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords:
Smouldering combustion is of particular relevance in ecosystems with carbon rich soils, such as peatlands (Rein 2013; Turetsky et al. 2011). Topical examples of large peatland fires are the tropical peatland fires in Indonesia and the Russian peatland fires near Moscow, which…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke behavior, peat, soil moisture, United Kingdom, Europe, fire management, smoke management, peatlands, peat moisture content, Approximate Bayesian Computation
Fire has a role in ecosystem services; naturally produced wildfires are important for the sustainability of many terrestrial biomes and fire is one of nature's primary carbon-cycling mechanisms. Under a warming climate, it is likely that fire frequency and severity will increase…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, biomass burning, policy, air quality
Sequestration of carbon (C) in forests has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change by offsetting future emissions of greenhouse gases. However, in dry temperate forests, wildfire is a natural disturbance agent with the potential to release large fluxes of C into…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, ladder fuels, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, carbon, climate change, crowns, decay, population density, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, fire management, forest management, fuel management, coniferous forests, carbon, wildfire, fuel treatments
In the Huon Valley, Tasmania, current public perception is that smoke from regeneration burning is the principal cause of pollution events in autumn. These events lead to exceedences of national air quality standards and to significant health impacts on the rural population. To…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, season of fire, aerosols, air quality, particulates, pollution, regeneration, Tasmania, Australia, fire management, forest management, particulate matter, levoglucosan, residential wood burning, biomass, Huon Valley Tasmania
Leaves from three species of Eucalyptus were combusted in a mass-loss calorimeter to characterise the effect of fuel moisture on energy release and combustion products for this genus. Increasing moisture content reduced peak heat release and the effective heat of combustion in a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, fire control, fire intensity, fuel moisture, heat, ignition, air quality, CO2 - carbon dioxide, leaves, Eucalyptus spp., Australia, fire management, fuel management, effective heat of combustion, emission factors, Eucalyptus bicostata, Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus tereticornis, heat release rate, ignition probability, time to ignition, heat of combustion
Carbon-based forest conservation requires the establishment of 'reference emission levels' against which to measure a country or region's progress in reducing their carbon emissions. In East Africa, landscape-scale estimates of carbon fluxes are uncertain and factors such as…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, wildfires, air quality, carbon, precipitation, Burundi, Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Africa, fire management, land use, range management, savannas, earth observation products, carbon stocks, carbon trends, fire regimes, MODIS, look-up table, savannah
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are important components of ambient and indoor air pollution and are emitted from a range of combustion sources, including on-road mobile sources, electric power generators, and non-road mobile sources. While anthropogenic sources dominate, NOx is also…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Climate
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, carbon dioxide, climate change, health factors, humidity, nitrogen, ozone, pollen, pollution, precipitation, radiation, temperature, fire management, smoke management, nitrogen oxides, ozone, air pollution, human health
Several U.S. state and tribal agencies and other countries have implemented a methodology developed in the arid intermountain western U.S. where short-term (1- to 3-hr) particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations are estimated from…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, fire management, smoke management
The health and function of forest ecosystems throughout the world include periodic exposure to disturbances such as fire. Fire has been instrumental in the evolution of large segments of flora and fauna and in preventing fuel accumulations that resulted in extreme fire behaviour…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Social Science
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, flammability, fuel accumulation, fuel loading, fuel models, live fuels, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, fragmentation, grazing, invasive species, native species (plants), site treatments, soil erosion, thinning, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, smoke management, burn severity, community preparedness, decision support, forest thinning, live fuels, mechanical treatment, risk assessment, smoke transport
The effects of two exogenous factors, ground fires and industrial air pollution, on natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) cenopopulations have been studied in the Transural region. It has been found that an increased level of air pollution leads to a decrease…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, ground fires, wildfires, air quality, pollution, population density, regeneration, understory vegetation, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Asia, fire management, forest management, smoke management, coniferous forests, Scots pine, industrial air pollution, ground fires, natural regeneration
Smoke plume height is important for modelling smoke transport and resulting effects on air quality. This study presents analyses of ceilometer measurements of smoke plume heights for twenty prescribed burns in the south-eastern United States. Measurements were conducted from mid…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire frequency, fire size, smoke behavior, air quality, military lands, national forests, particulates, statistical analysis, Pinus palustris, longleaf pine, north Florida, Georgia, fire management, smoke management, coastal plain, pine hardwood forests, sandhills, wildlife refuges, ceilometer measurement, particulate matter (PM) concentrations, smoke plume height
Surface ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios were measured at Mei-Feng (24.05 ºN, 120.10 ºE, 2269 m above sea level) remote mountain site between March 2009 and September 2010 to investigate the impact of regional pollution on O3 and CO. The results showed that the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, air quality, aerosols, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, gases, CH4 - methane, ozone, pollution, Taiwan, Asia, fire management, ozone, biomass combustion, long-range transport, Asian outflow, DO3, DCO ratio
Because it is an important regulator of terrestrial carbon cycling in North America, extensive research on natural and human disturbances has been carried out as part of the North American Carbon Program and the CarboNA project. A synthesis of various components of this research…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, air quality, carbon, carbon dioxide, elevation, disturbance, insects, mineral soils, nutrient cycling, photosynthesis, plant diseases, soil temperature, soils, woody plants, Canada, fire management, forest management
Four hundred fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples collected over a 1-year period at two sites in the Los Angeles Basin were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and organic molecular markers. The results were used in a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, carbon, particulates, fire management, smoke management, CMB, LA basin, organic molecular markers, PMF, UNMIX
Wildland firefighters in the United States are occupationally exposed to high levels of woodsmoke. Results from experimental studies show that exposure to woodsmoke induces inflammation. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of occupational woodsmoke exposure on…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire injuries (humans), firefighting personnel, smoke effects, air quality, health factors, South Carolina, fire management, smoke management, dried blood spot, inflammation, interleukin-8, wildland firefighters, woodsmoke
Questions: What are the characteristics of soil seed banks in highly endangered renosterveld vegetation and adjacent degraded sites? What is the contribution of the soil seed bank to restoring renosterveld vegetation after degradation through agriculture or afforestation?…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, seed dormancy, seed germination, South Africa, Africa, fire management, range management, smoke management, fynbos, abandoned field, Cape Floristic Region, degradation, fynbos, soil seed bank
To investigate the characteristics of gas emissions from a tropical peatland fire, ground-level measurement of fire-generated gases was conducted during a large fire event in Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2009. Concentrations of CO and CH4 showed positive linear correlations with…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, peat fires, air quality, carbon dioxide, gases, global warming, greenhouse gases, Asia, Indonesia, fire management, forest management, peatlands, tropical regions, biomass burning, emission ratio, fire-generated gas emission, Global Warming Potential, Indonesia, tropical peatland
Among the key issues in smoke management is predicting the magnitude and location of smoke effects. These vary in severity from hazardous (acute health conditions and drastic visibility impairment to transportation) to nuisance (regional haze), and occur across a range of scales…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, particulates, pollution, Canada, Mississippi, Tennessee, fire management, smoke management, air-quality impacts, forest fires, atmospheric transport, lower stratosphere, stochastic models, plume rise, simulation, system, dispersion, smoke modeling, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems
The worldwide 'wildfire' problem is headlined by the loss of human lives and homes, but it applies generally to any adverse effects of unplanned fires, as events or regimes, on a wide range of environmental, social, and economic assets. The problem is complex and contingent,…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire, Economics, Fuels, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire control, fire damage (property), fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, fire suppression, firebrands, flame length, lightning caused fires, prescribed fires (escaped), rate of spread, wildfires, air quality, mortality, species diversity (plants), succession, fire management, forest management, fuel management, smoke management, adaptation, asset, biodiversity, disaster, fire management, fire regime, human fatality, policy
We describe the fourth generation of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4) burned area data set, which provides global monthly burned area at 0.25º spatial resolution from mid-1995 through the present and daily burned area for the time series extending back to August 2000.…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, air quality, carbon, computer programs, precipitation, statistical analysis, fire management
Emissions of trace gases and particles £ 2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) from fires during 2008-2011 on the North Carolina coastal plain were collected and analyzed. Carbon mass balance techniques were used to quantify emission factors (EFs). PM2.5 EFs were at least a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: biomass burning, fuel loading, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, organic soils, peat, North Carolina, fire management, fuel management, soil management, coastal plain, biomass burning, organic soil, North Carolina, PM2.5, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, levoglucosan
Present day lead pollution is an environmental hazard of global proportions. A correct determination of natural lead levels is very important in order to evaluate anthropogenic lead contributions. In this paper, the anthropogenic signature of early metallurgy in Southern Iberia…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, charcoal, deforestation, erosion, paleoecology, pollution, toxicity, Spain, Europe, fire management, soil management, Late Prehistory, lead pollution, anthropogenic environmental impact, metallurgy, southern Iberia
Two new types of signaling compounds have been discovered in wildfire smoke due to their ability to stimulate seed germination. The first discovered were karrikins, which share some structural similarity with the strigolactone class of plant hormones, and both signal through a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, chemical compounds, seed germination, Australia, fire management, smoke management, karrikins, strigolactones, cyanohydrins, cyanide, seed germination, Arabidopsis thaliana