Skip to main content

Displaying 201 - 225 of 4978

In a general framework characterized by ever-increasing evidence of impacts attributable to climate change, the quantitative estimation of wildfire emissions (e.g., black carbon, carbon monoxide, particulate matter) and the evaluation of its uncertainty are crucial for…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, ground-based emission inventory, remote sensing, emission inventories, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, Italy, biomass burning

Wildfires cause severe disruptions to forest soils and modify the carbon (C) cycle in the post-fire soils. Yet, the contribution of abiotic and biotic drivers to CO2 emission in the post-fire forest soils is not well understood. This study investigated soil CO2 emission from the…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soils, carbon cycle, CO2 - carbon dioxide, P - phosphorus, China

Wildfires are one of the most important disturbance factors in Siberia, covering up to 30 Mha annually. Carbon emissions vary greatly depending on the ecosystem type and fire severity. The fuel load and structure in different ecosystems are fundamental drivers of fire behavior…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Siberia, fuel loads, wildfires, logging, fire emissions

While the Mediterranean basin is foreseen to be highly affected by climate change (CC) and severe forest fires are expected to be more frequent, international efforts to fight against CC do not consider forest fires’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions risk and the possibility of its…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions, forest fires, emission vulnerability, carbon stock, risk models, damage, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy

Rationale: Given the increasing prevalence of wildfires worldwide, understanding the effects of wildfire air pollutants on human health, in specific, immunological pathways, is crucial. Exposure to air pollutants has been associated with cardiorespiratory disease, however,…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: public health, air pollutants, smoke exposure

Wildfires are increasing yearly in number and severity as a part of the evolving climate crisis. These fires are a significant source of air pollution, a common driver of flares in cardiorespiratory disease, including asthma, which is the most common chronic disease of childhood…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, wildland fire, forest fires, pediatric, population, asthma, air pollution, PM2.5, Calgary, Canada

Wildfires are relevant sources of PM emissions and can have an important impact on air pollution and human health. In this study, we examine the impact of wildfire PM emissions on the Piemonte (Italy) air quality regional monitoring network using a Generalized Additive Mixed…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM10, PM2.5, generalized additive mixed model, Italy

Background: Peatlands are becoming more vulnerable to smouldering fires, driven by climate change and human activities. Aims: This work explores the persistent burning, propagation, and emission of the deep peat fire. Methods: Laboratory experiments are conducted with a 1-m deep…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: burning duration, fire detection, fuel mass loss, peat soils, peatland fires, underground fires, smoldering propagation, laboratory experiments, peat fires

Background: In wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires, particulates from the combustion of both natural vegetative fuels and engineered cellulosic fuels may have deleterious effects on the environment. Aims: The research was conducted to investigate the morphology of the…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: combustion, human health, OSB - oriented strand board, Scanning Electron Microscopy, particulates, smoldering, thermophoretic sampling, particle size

Background: Fire models use pyrolysis data from ground samples and environments that differ from wildland conditions. Two analytical methods successfully measured oxidative pyrolysis gases in wind tunnel and field fires: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: compositional data, data analysis, FTIR - Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy , fourier transform infrared spectroradiometer, gas chromatography, flame ionisation detector, gas composition, log-ratio, Pinus palustris

Warming temperatures and prolonged drought periods cause rapid changes of fire frequencies and intensities in high-latitude ecosystems. Associated smoke plumes deposit dark particles from incomplete combustion on the Greenland ice sheet that reduce albedo but also provide a…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, Greenland, paleofire, black carbon, ice cores, microscopic charcoal analysis, biomass burning

The Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) events over British Columbia in 2017 were observed in the lower stratosphere for about 8–10 months after the smoke injections. Several previous studies used global climate models to investigate the physical parameters for the 2017 pyroCb events, but…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: E3SM - Energy Exascale Earth System Model, British Columbia, Canada, pyrocumulonimbus, pyroCb, stratospheric aerosol, machine learning, aerosol radiative effects, AOD - aerosol optical depth, climate impacts

Objective: To evaluate the association of short-term exposure to overall fine particulate matter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and wildfire-specific PM2.5 with emergency department (ED) visits for headache. Background: Studies have reported associations between PM2.5 exposure and…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, headache, health impacts, public health

Wildfire frequency has increased in the Western US over recent decades, driven by climate change and a legacy of forest management practices. Consequently, human structures, health, and life are increasingly at risk due to wildfires. Furthermore, wildfire smoke presents a…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfire, air quality, fire arrival, biomass burning, SFIRE, FINN - Fire Inventory of NCAR, wildfire spread

In this study, two rainfall events following the Antalya forest fires were sampled via a volume-based sequential sampling method. Two and four fractional samples were obtained from the first (S) and the second (M) rainfall events, respectively. pH and the conductivity of the…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Türkiye, ion concentrations, SEM-EDS - Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, particle size distribution, sequential rain, forest fire, wildfire

The intensity and frequency of wildfires is increasing globally. The systematic review of the current evidence on long-term impacts of non-occupational wildfire exposure on human health has not been performed yet. To provide a systematic review and identify potential knowledge…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfire, systematic review, long-term health effects, PM - particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, human health, wildfire exposure

Background: Efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of wildfire smoke have focused on modifying human behaviour to minimise individual exposure, largely accomplished by providing smoke forecasts, monitoring, and consistent public messaging. Aims: To identify a strategy to reduce…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air pathways, air quality, back trajectories, communities, fuel treatments, PM2.5, source apportionment, vegetative strata, Oregon

A warming climate is one of the most important driving forces of intensified wildfires globally. The unprecedented wildfires broke out in the Australian ‘Black Summer’ (November 2019–February 2020), which released massive heat, gases, and particles into the atmosphere. The total…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, climate change, CO2 - carbon dioxide, emission estimates, carbon budget, radiative forcing, Black Summer fires

An algorithm for retrieving nighttime aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day-Night Band (DNB) observations of reflected moonlight is presented for rural areas during the western U.S. fire seasons. The algorithm uses the UNified…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: AOD - aerosol optical depth, retrieval, algorithms, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, DNB - day-night band, moonlight observation, smoke transport, diurnal cycle, rural, air quality

[from the text] In recent decades, wildfires in the United States have increased, particularly in the Pacific Northwest. The effect of wildfire smoke on headache disorders is not well characterized. Many of my adult and pediatric patients in Oregon, most of whom have migraine,…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: headache, migraine disorders, wildfires, Oregon

Introduction As wildfire smoke events increase in intensity and frequency in the Pacific Northwest, there is a growing need for effective communication on the health risks of smoke exposure. Delivery through a trusted source or intermediary has been shown to improve reception of…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: risk communication, public health, wildland fire, wildfire, trusted sources, trust, environmental hazards, thematic analysis, rural health, tribal health, Washington, Okanagan

Background To reduce the negative health effects from wildfire smoke exposure, effective risk and health communication strategies are vital. We estimated the behavioral effects from changes in message framing and messenger in public health messages about wildfire smoke on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: public service announcements, public health, human behavior, social media, Facebook, health impacts

The NOAA/NASA FIREX-AQ (Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality) experiment was a multi-agency, inter-disciplinary research effort to: (1) obtain detailed measurements of trace gas and aerosol emissions from wildfires and prescribed fires using aircraft…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FIREX‐AQ - Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality, air quality, remote sensing

Though fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has decreased in the United States (U.S.) in the past two decades, the increasing frequency, duration, and severity of wildfires significantly (though episodically) impairs air quality in wildfire-prone regions and beyond. Increasing PM2.5…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: air pollution, air quality, PM - particulate matter, human health, machine learning, PM2.5, wildfire

Increased forest fires in the future will create opportunities to undertake salvage logging and replanting activities with the potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to a ‘do nothing’ scenario that relies on natural regeneration. Salvage logging of fire-…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Models, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, British Columbia, Canada, greenhouse gas emissions, GCBM - Generic Carbon Budget Model