Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 4901 - 4925 of 4981
Following forest harvest, residues left on site are often piled and burned. Quantification of residue piles is required in many jurisdictions to estimate billable waste, harvest efficiency, smoke emissions, C budgets, and available bioenergy biomass. Piled residues and harvested…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, remote sensing, British Columbia, carbon emissions, forest residue, pile burn, bioenergy, woody fuels, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, GIS - geographic information system, litter, population density, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, fire management, forest management, fuel management, smoke management, second growth forests
Forest fires are an important disturbance in the boreal forest. They are influenced by climate, weather, topography, vegetation, surface deposits and human activities. In return, forest fires affect the climate through emission of gases and aerosols, and changes in surface…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, C - carbon, fire regimes, climate change, global warming, fire intensity, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, albedo, disturbance, GIS - geographic information system, succession, fire management, forest management
The relative contributions of double counting of carbon emissions between forest-to-nonforest cover change (FNCC) and forest wildfires are an unknown in estimating net forest carbon exchanges at large scales. This study employed land-cover change maps and forest fire data in the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Eastern, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: burn severity, carbon emissions, land cover change, carbon double counting, fire intensity, fire size, wildfires, C - carbon, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, smoke management
The diverse forest types of the southwestern US are inseparable from fire. Across climate zones in California, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico, fire suppression has left many forest types out of sync with their historic fire regimes. As a result, high fuel loads place them at…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Southwest
Keywords: biodiversity, C - carbon, adaptation, mitigation, crown scorch, fire exclusion, fire regimes, fire suppression, flammability, fuel loading, surface fires, wildfires, climate change, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, thinning, Abies concolor, white fir, Engelmann spruce, Picea engelmannii, Pinus edulis, pinyon pine, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pinus strobiformis, southwestern white pine, Populus tremuloides, quaking aspen, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, Quercus gambelii, Gambel oak, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests
We used a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image from the 2011 Wallow fire in Arizona, USA, in combination with field data to assess different methods for determining fire severity. These include the normalised burn ratio (NBR), the differenced NBR (dNBR), the relative dNBR (RdNBR)…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire severity, NBR - Normalized Burn Ratio, Arizona, carbon cycle, Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper), spectral analysis, burning efficiency, Wallow Fire, fire case histories, fire intensity, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, duff, litter, remote sensing, shrubs, size classes, statistical analysis, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, fire management, forest management, soil management, coniferous forests
Accurate estimation of the canopy fuel load that is consumed during crown fires is critical for improving our knowledge of crown fire behaviour and for quantifying emissions of carbon and other gases during this type of fire. However, there is a lack of information about the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: active crown fire, canopy fuel load, carbon emissions, Spain, maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, vertical canopy profile, crown fires, fine fuels, fuel loading, air quality, C - carbon, overstory, Pinus pinaster, maritime pine, Europe, fire management, forest management
We determined the difference in carbon (C) stocks and C emissions between treated and untreated ponderosa pine stands over 100 years on the Apache and Sitgreaves National Forests, Arizona, USA, under assumed treatment scenarios, wildfire frequency, and annual percentage of area…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire frequency, fuel reduction treatments, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, area burned, Arizona, carbon stock, wood products, reversal risk ratings, carbon credit, fire hazard reduction, fire regimes, C - carbon, national forests, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Arizona, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests
Wildfires have major effects on forest dynamics, succession and the carbon cycle in the boreal biome. They are a significant source of carbon emissions, and current observed changes in wildfire regimes due to changes in climate could affect the balance of the boreal carbon pool…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, regeneration, remote sensing, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, post-fire recovery, Siberia, wildfire, age classes, air quality, Asia, C - carbon, coniferous forests, cover, deciduous forests, disturbance, evergreens, fire adaptations, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, leaves, moisture, Russia, statistical analysis, succession, vegetation surveys
Approximately 20 experimental fires were conducted on forest plots of 1-4 ha each in 2000-07 in two types of boreal forests in central Siberia, and 18 on 6 x 12-m plots in 2008-10. These experiments were designed to mimic wildfires under similar burning conditions. The fires…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, black carbon, elemental carbon, organic carbon, Siberia, chemical composition, smoke particulates, biomass burning, experimental fire, fire intensity, fire weather, wildfires, C - carbon, organic matter, particulates, statistical analysis, Russia, fire management, forest management, smoke management, coniferous forests
Forest floor data are important for many forest resource management applications. In terms of fire and forest carbon dynamics, these data are critical for modeling direct carbon emissions from wildfire in Canadian forests because forest floor organic material is usually the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, forest floor, fuel loading, fuel depth, surface fuels, age classes, air quality, C - carbon, drainage, size classes, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, fuel management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, prairie, taiga
Boreal forest fires are an important source of terrestrial carbon emissions, particularly during years of widespread wildfires. Most carbon emission models parameterize wildfire impacts and carbon flux to area burned by fires, therein making the assumption that fires consume a…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: dNBR - differenced (or delta) Normalized Burn Ratio, boreal forest, C - carbon, area burned, NLCD - National Land Cover Database
This study quantifies the short-term effects of low-, moderate-, and high-severity fire on carbon pools and fluxes in the Eastern Cascades of Oregon. We surveyed 64 forest stands across four fires that burned 41,000 ha (35%) of the Metolius Watershed in 2002 and 2003,…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: carbon balance, disturbance, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, heterotrophic respiration, mixed severity fire regimes, NEP - Net Ecosystem Productivity, Oregon, NPP - net primary production, Cascade Range, Abies grandis, Arctostaphylos patula, biomass, Calamagrostis rubescens, Calocedrus decurrens, C - carbon, Ceanothus velutinus, combustion, coniferous forests, decomposition, ecosystem dynamics, Elymus elymoides, Epilobium angustifolium, Festuca idahoensis, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, forest management, Larix occidentalis, lightning caused fires, mortality, overstory, Pinus, Pinus contorta, population density, Pteridium aquilinum, Purshia tridentata, sloping terrain, stand characteristics, Vicia americana, watersheds, wildfires, wood
Data on the optical absorption properties (expressed as a specific absorption, Ba) of the smoke emissions from fires with forest fuels have been determined for a series of low-intensity field fires and a series of laboratory scale fires. The Ba data have been used to estimate…
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: absorption, laboratory fires, emission factors, smoke aerosol emissions, large wildfires, graphitic carbon, aerosols, air quality, broadcast burning, C - carbon, chemistry, climatology, field experimental fires, fire intensity, fuel types, laboratory fires, live fuels, logging, low intensity burns, needles, nuclear winter, organic matter, pine, post-fire recovery, radiation, slash, smoke behavior, tropical forest, wildfires
Eighteen experimental fires were used to compare measured and calculated values for emission factors and fuel consumption to evaluate the carbon balance technique. The technique is based on a model for the emission factor of carbon dioxide, corrected for the production of other…
Person:
Year: 1982
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: laboratory fires, smoke management, forest fire smoke, smoke plume concentrations, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, gases, particulates, smoke behavior
Emissions from prescribed fires in several different fuel types in the Pacific Northwest have been characterized. The characteristics of the particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter are reported as functions of fire behavior and fuel types. Profiles of trace elements and…
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: C - carbon, particles, fuel types, trace element analysis
Forest fires can be divided into two broad classes-wildfires and prescribed fires. Wildfires, whether caused by nature (lightning, etc.) or by the accidental or malicious acts of man, are not planned by forest managers and do not occur under controlled conditions. They can be…
Person:
Year: 1983
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, fuel characteristics, fire emissions, forest fires, bibliographies, C - carbon, cellulose, chemistry, clearcutting, combustion, decay, duff, energy, ferns, fire weather, fuel moisture, fuel types, grass fuels, herbaceous vegetation, hydrocarbons, H2 - hydrogen, ignition, lignin, litter, logging, nutrients, organic matter, O - oxygen, fine particulates, seedlings, slash, woody fuels
It has been suggested that thinning trees and other fuel-reduction practices aimed at reducing the probability of high-severity forest fire are consistent with efforts to keep carbon (C) sequestered in terrestrial pools, and that such practices should therefore be rewarded…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: fire severity, fuel reduction treatments, carbon storage, western United States, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire injury, fire intensity, fuel moisture, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, disturbance, drought, mortality, size classes, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, fuel management, coniferous forests
For millennia, peatlands have served as an important sink for atmospheric CO2 and today represent a large soil carbon reservoir. While recent land use and wildfires have reduced carbon sequestration in tropical peatlands, the influence of disturbance on boreal peatlands is…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: carbon emissions, organic matter, peatlands, boreal peatlands, carbon loss, combustion, peat fires, surface fires, surface fuels, wildfires, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, climate change, drainage, soil moisture, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, Canada, Alberta, fire management, land use, soil management, boreal forest, marshland
Thermogravimetry (TG) was applied to forest fuel as a microcombustion technique to study emissions by evolved gas analysis (EGA). Emission rates for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and total hydrocarbons (THC) for both combustion and pyrolysis processes were…
Person:
Year: 1984
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: slash pine, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, emission rate, thermogravimetry, evolved gas analysis, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, combustion, fuel types, gases, heat, hydrocarbons, laboratory fires, microclimate, needles, O - oxygen, Pinus elliottii, statistical analysis, volatilization, wood properties
Above-ground biomass (live + dead), was estimated pre- and post-burn in eight types of savanna ecosystem in Roraima, in the extreme northern part of the Brazilian Amazon. The objective was to investigate the stock of pre-burn above-ground carbon and its fate after experimental…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, biomass, cerrado, savannas, Brazil, Amazonia, Amazon, combustion, cover, crowns, ecosystem dynamics, experimental fire, fine fuels, fire exclusion, fire management, fuel management, grasslands, herbaceous vegetation, leaves, litter, particulates, Poaceae, post-fire recovery, range management, season of fire, seedlings, shrubs, size classes, snags, South America, statistical analysis, Venezuela, woody fuels
Prescribed fire is used as a management practice to maintain grassland dominance and reduce woody plant encroachment on grasslands and rangelands. Little is known regarding effects of these fires on CO2 fluxes and their potential contribution to atmospheric CO2. The objectives…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: C - carbon, Bromus japonicus, LAI - leaf area index, Prosopis glandulosa, rangelands, biomass burning, grasslands, scaling, mesquite, woody plant encroachment, biomass, woody plants, Buchloe spp., CO2 - carbon dioxide, combustion, dominance, drought, ecosystem dynamics, fire exclusion, fire management, fire resistant plants, invasive species, forbs, leaves, Nassella spp., photosynthesis, plant growth, population density, post-fire recovery, precipitation, Prosopis, range management, resprouting, savannas, season of fire, seasonal activities, statistical analysis, Texas
Prehistoric fire area and emissions from California's forests, woodlands, shrublands, and grasslands
In the majority of US political settings wildland fire is still discussed as a negative force. Lacking from current wildfire discussions are estimates of the spatial extent of fire and their resultant emissions before the influences of Euro-American settlement and this is the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, fire exclusion, fire regime, fire return interval, fire suppression, particulates, fire policy, fire rotation, air resource management
An original method is proposed for estimating past carbon emissions from fires in order to understand long-term changes in the biomass burning that, together with vegetation cover, act on the global carbon cycle and climate. The past carbon release resulting from paleo-fires…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, air mass, carbon emissions, ecozones, Ontario, paleofire data, Quebec, vegetation zones, biomass burning, charcoal data, fire frequency, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, charcoal, climatology, cover, evergreens, mosses, needles, paleoecology, statistical analysis, vegetation surveys, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, deciduous forests, taiga, tundra
Two forest management objectives being debated in the context of federally managed landscapes in the U.S. Pacific Northwest involve a perceived trade-off between fire restoration and carbon sequestration. The former strategy would reduce fuel (and therefore C) that has…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Douglas-fir, fuel reduction treatments, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, carbon sequestration, Picea sitchensis, Sitka spruce, biofuel, STANDCARB, biomass, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, Cascade Range, coniferous forests, ecosystem dynamics, fine fuels, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, flammability, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, logging, Oregon, Picea, Picea sitchensis, pine, pine forests, Pinus, precipitation, Pseudotsuga spp., salvage, soil permeability, statistical analysis, suppression, thinning, Tsuga heterophylla, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, wildfires, wood
We calculate greenhouse-gas emissions from land-use change in Mato Grosso and Rondônia, two states that are responsible for more than half of the deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. In addition to deforestation (clearing of forest), we also estimate clearing rates and emissions…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, biomass, deforestation, global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, land use change, savannas, tropical forest, Amazon, Brazil, rainforest, agriculture, cerrado, combustion, cover, decay, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, climate change, greenhouse gases, land use, livestock, logging, mosaic, rainforests, soil nutrients, tropical forest, vegetation surveys