Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 4926 - 4950 of 4982
We calculate greenhouse-gas emissions from land-use change in Mato Grosso and Rondônia, two states that are responsible for more than half of the deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. In addition to deforestation (clearing of forest), we also estimate clearing rates and emissions…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, biomass, deforestation, global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, land use change, savannas, tropical forest, Amazon, Brazil, rainforest, agriculture, cerrado, combustion, cover, decay, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, climate change, greenhouse gases, land use, livestock, logging, mosaic, rainforests, soil nutrients, tropical forest, vegetation surveys
Estimates of greenhouse-gas emissions from deforestation are highly uncertain because of high variability in key parameters and because of the limited number of studies providing field measurements of these parameters. One such parameter is burning efficiency, which determines…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, charcoal, biomass, deforestation, global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, Amazon, Brazil, burning efficiency, rainforest, biomass burning, cutting, decay, deciduous forests, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, forest types, fuel management, climate change, humidity, leaves, litter, logging, population density, sampling, tropical forest, vines
In many forest types, over half of the total stand biomass is located in the forest floor. Carbon emissions during wildland fire are directly related to biomass (fuel) consumption. Consumption of forest floor fuel varies widely and is the greatest source of uncertainty in…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, forest floor, biomass consumption, carbon emissions, fuel consumption, air quality, Betula papyrifera, biomass, C - carbon, coniferous forests, drought, duff, experimental fire, fire hazard reduction, fire management, forest management, forest types, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, fuel types, Picea glauca, Pinus banksiana, Populus tremuloides, statistical analysis, understory vegetation, wildfires
The classification of savanna fires into headfire and backfire types can in theory help in assessing pollutant emissions to the atmosphere via relative apportionment of the amounts of smouldering and flaming combustion occurring, and is also important when assessing a fire's…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: C - carbon, fire, intensity, radiative energy, global emission budgets
The boreal region stores a large proportion of the world's terrestrial carbon (C) and is subject to high-intensity, stand-replacing wildfires that release C and nitrogen (N) stored in biomass and soils through combustion. While severity and extent of fires drives overall…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, C - carbon, N - nitrogen, organic layer, soil, allometric equations, black spruce, Picea mariana, fuel consumption, adventitious roots
Wildland fire is a global phenomenon, and a result of interactions between climate-weather, fuels and people. Our climate is changing rapidly primarily through the release of greenhouse gases that may have profound and possibly unexpected impacts on global fire activity. The…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: C - carbon, forest fire, management, area burned, fire activity, intensity, severity, review, season
Fuel treatments alter conditions in forested stands at the time of the treatment and subsequently. Fuel treatments reduce on-site carbon and also change the fire potential and expected outcome of future wildfires, including their carbon emissions. We simulated effects of fuel…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: thinning, wildfire, fuel treatment effects, air quality, C - carbon, coniferous forests, crown fires, Douglas-fir, Engelmann spruce, FIA - Forest Inventory and Analysis, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, flame length, forest management, fuel management, fuel types, ladder fuels, Larix occidentalis, lodgepole pine, Montana, mortality, mountains, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, Pinus monticola, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, snags, stand characteristics, subalpine forests, Tsuga heterophylla, Tsuga mertensiana, western hemlock, western larch, western white pine, woody fuels
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a highly toxic, nonirritating gas. One of the products of combustion, it is invisible, odorless, tasteless, and slightly lighter than air. But smoke, another combustion product, is visible. And when smoke is present, it is highly likely that CO and other…
Person:
Year: 1971
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire fighting, CO - carbon monoxide, forest fires, CO poisoning, fire fighting vehicles, fire resistant materials, air quality, C - carbon, fire suppression, wildfires
Several receptor modeling techniques are used to identify sources contributing to concentrations of air pollutants at receptor sites that degrade air quality. Potassium and carbon content of the fine particulate matter are the primary indicators for smoke from slash fires in…
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, trace gas emissions, smoke characteristics, source apportionment, C - carbon, chemistry, chlorine, coniferous forests, energy, fire intensity, fuel moisture, fuel types, gases, logging, particulates, pollution, K - potassium, sampling, slash, statistical analysis
The Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team (FERA) of the Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, is an interdisciplinary team of scientists that conduct primary research on wildland fire and provide decision support for fire hazard and smoke management.…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FEPS - Fire Emissions Production Simulator, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, Natural Fuels Photo Series, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Digital Photo Series, fire management, air quality, C - carbon, fire hazard reduction, fire size, fuel management, fuel types, photography, population density, smoke management, surface fires, vegetation surveys, wildfires
Description not entered.
Person:
Year: 1996
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: C - carbon, atmosphere, ozone, biomass burning
Description not entered.
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: C - carbon, boreal forests
This technical report examines different future scenarios for sequestering carbon and reducing emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from U.S. forestry and agriculture. Net greenhouse gas mitigation estimates in response to carbon price assumptions are presented for…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: C - carbon, greenhouse gas emissions
The D/H content of methane emitted from biomass burning was measured using samples of smoke collected from large-scale laboratory combustion experiments and from fires typical of slash burning of primary forest and of pasture burning in the Brazilian Amazon. In laboratory…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, CH4 - methane, Brazil
The production of residual white ash patches within wildfires represents near-complete combustion of the available fuel and releases a considerable quantity of gases to the atmosphere. These patches are generally produced from combustion of large downed woody debris (LDWD) such…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: C - carbon, remote sensing, burned area, savannas, Africa, DWD - downed woody debris, white ash, Fraxinus americana, Botswana, air quality, ash, biomass, combustion, experimental fire, fire management, fuel loading, gases, ignition, litter, national parks, particulates, range management, snags, South Africa, statistical analysis, surface fires, wildfires, woody fuels, Zambia
In order to estimate the production of charcoal and the atmospheric emissions of trace gases volatilized by burning we have estimated the global amounts of biomass which are affected by fires. We have roughly calculated annual gross burning rates ranging between about 5 Pg and 9…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon flux, carbon budget, gas emissions, biomass burning, air quality, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, biomass, boreal forests, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, charcoal, dead fuels, deforestation, ecosystem dynamics, forestation, gases, grazing, land use, livestock, moisture, organic matter, savannas, season of fire, statistical analysis, tropical forest, volatilization, wildfires
The objective of this study was to quantify carbon (C) distribution for boreal black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) stands comprising a fire chronosequence in northern Manitoba, Canada. The experimental design included seven well-drained (dry) and seven poorly-drained (wet)…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, C - carbon, fire, biomass, black spruce, chronosequence, Manitoba, Alnus crispa, Betula glandulosa, Betula papyrifera, coniferous forests, distribution, disturbance, drainage, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, foliage, forest management, ground cover, heavy fuels, Hylocomium, Larix laricina, Ledum groenlandicum, litter, Manitoba, mosses, overstory, Picea, Picea mariana, Pleurozium schreberi, population density, Populus balsamifera, post-fire recovery, Ptilium, regeneration, roots, Rosa, Salix, seedlings, soils, sphagnum, stand characteristics, statistical analysis, succession, understory vegetation, Vaccinium, vegetation surveys, wildfires, woody fuels, woody plants
The contribution of wildfire in peatlands outside of boreal and tropical regions to interannual variability of global carbon emissions has been relatively little studied. There are 0.19 to 0.88 million km^2 of localized peat deposits in the temperate zone (30-50 degrees latitude…
Person:
Year: 2006
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: C - carbon, fire, North Carolina, peat fires, biomass consumption, greenhouse gases
Combustion aerosol particles from boreal forest fires were quantified to facilitate investigation of the potential effects of increased fire activity caused by global warming, by providing data inputs for global and regional climate modelling of the direct and indirect effects.…
Person:
Year: 2004
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, crown fires, jack pine, Pinus banksiana, black spruce, ICFME - International Crown Fire Modeling Experiment, Picea mariana, Northwest Territories, aerosols, air quality, air temperature, boreal forest, C - carbon, climatology, combustion, duff, experimental areas, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, fuel accumulation, fuel management, fuel loading, fuel moisture, climate change, humidity, overstory, particulates, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, understory vegetation, wind
Absorption properties of smokes from laboratory fires that represent prescription hums in the Southern states have been quantified to relate variations in measured absorption parameters to variation in fire conditions and to estimate emission factors for elemental carbon.…
Person:
Year: 1984
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: combustion, absorption, aerosol absorption, aerosol radiative effects, optical properties, PM - particulate matter, smoke properties, visibility, forest fires, aerosols, C - carbon, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, flame length, fuel loading, fuel moisture, fuel types, laboratory fires, particulates, pine forests, Pinus, smoke behavior, smoke management, wildfires
We used a new, 100-year, 1 × 1° global fire map and a carbon cycle model (CASA) to provide a yearly gridded estimate of the temporal trend in carbon emissions due to wildfires through the 20th century. 2700–3325 Tg C y−1 burn at the end of the 20th century, compared to 1500–2700…
Person:
Year: 2006
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: C - carbon, biomass burning
There were large interannual variations in burned area in the boreal region (ranging between 3.0 and 23.6x106 ha yr-1) for the period of 1992 and 1995-2003 which resulted in corresponding variations in total carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. We estimated a range of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2005
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, C - carbon, duff consumption, fire severity, wildland fire, boreal region, burned area, carbon emissions, CO - carbon monoxide, trace gas emissions
Fire strongly influences carbon cycling and storage in boreal forests. In the near-term, if global warming occurs, the frequency and intensity of fires in boreal forests are likely to increase significantly. A sensitivity analysis on the relationship between fire and carbon…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, fire, carbon cycle, climate change, global warming, biomass, Canada, C - carbon, distribution, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire models, fire regimes, nutrient cycling, soil nutrients
The NOAA 12 advanced very high resolution radiometer detected extensive forest fires in boreal Siberia and northern Mongolia during April through October 1998, a year of extremely dry weather, in particular, in the Russian Far East. Analysis of the satellite data has been…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, C - carbon, fire, biomass consumption, carbon release, radiometer, Siberia
Russian boreal forests are subject to frequent wildfires. The resulting combustion of large amounts of biomass not only transforms forest vegetation, but it also creates significant carbon emissions that total, according to some authors, from 35 to 94 Mt C per year. These carbon…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, C - carbon, fire damage, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, remote sensing, carbon emissions, Russia, satellite imagery