Type
Topic
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Year
Displaying 676 - 700 of 5840
Training a deep learning-based classification model for early wildfire smoke images requires a large amount of rich data. However, due to the episodic nature of fire events, it is difficult to obtain wildfire smoke image data, and most of the samples in public datasets suffer…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke classification, wildfire, deep learning, synthetic images, adversarial training, domain adaptation
Understanding the germination cues of rare plants is critical to their conservation, restoration, and management. We used a greenhouse study to investigate the germination of Eriodictyon capitatum Eastw. (Lompoc yerba santa) seeds to understand the species' life history and to…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): California
Keywords: Eriodictyon capitatum, endangered species, germination
In this study, we present a nationwide machine learning model for hourly PM2.5 estimation for the continental United States (US) using high temporal resolution Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES-16) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data, meteorological variables…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, machine learning, GOES-16, AOD - aerosol optical depth, California wildfires, ECMWF - European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting, spatial-temporal analysis
The target detection of smoke through remote sensing images obtained by means of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be effective for monitoring early forest fires. However, smoke targets in UAV images are often small and difficult to detect accurately. In this paper, we use…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, forest fire, wildfire, smoke detection, UAV - unmanned aerial vehicles, fire monitoring, component stitching data enhancement, parallel spatial domain attention mechanism, symmetry, small-scale transformer feature pyramid network, China
Wildfires cause elevated air pollution that can be detrimental to human health. However, health impact assessments associated with emissions from wildfire events are subject to uncertainty arising from different sources. Here, we quantify and compare major uncertainties in…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air pollution, human health, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, North Carolina, public health
Fire products are now available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) including the only current global daily active fire product. This paper describes the algorithm, the products and the associated validation activities. High-resolution ASTER data,…
Person:
Year: 2002
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, active fires, Africa
Many large grass fires occurred in north Texas and southern Oklahoma on 9 April 2009, destroying hundreds of homes and businesses and burning thousands of acres of grasslands, producing large smoke and debris plumes that were visible from various remote sensing platforms. At the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: satellite observations, radar observations, remote sensing, fire detection, grass fire
Radar observations of wild fire plumes in Oklahoma carried out with the prototype of dual polarization S-band WSR-88D weather radar are presented. The observations show that the copolar correlation coefficients between horizontally and vertically polarized returns in the plumes…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire detection, fire plumes, remote sensing
Background: Wildfire smoke is responsible for around 20% of all particulate emissions in the U.S. and affects millions of people worldwide. Children are especially vulnerable, as ambient air pollution exposure during early childhood is associated with reduced lung function. Most…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfire smoke, RNA-sequencing, early life, rhesus macaque monkey, air pollution
Stratospheric aerosol, temperature and ozone anomalies after the 2020 Australian bushfires are documented from satellite observations. Aerosol extinction is enhanced in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) lower stratosphere (LS) in early 2020, comparable in magnitude to the Calbuco…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: stratospheric aerosol, stratospheric temperature, stratospheric temperature, O3 - ozone, Australia, wildfire, polar vortex
Ecosystem process models can be used to predict forest response to disturbances at a range of scales. Selection of the spatial class of model should depend on the scale of the research or management question, and model type should depend on the ecosystem attributes of interest.…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: C - carbon, carbon sequestration, Ecosystem Demography model, ecosystem modeling, Ichauway, Jones Center, LANDIS-II, longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, wildfire
Following the 2020 wildfires in Australia an extremely large amount of smoke entered the stratosphere and was dispersed throughout the southern hemisphere stratosphere. However, the pathway and entry point of the smoke into the stratosphere and the underlying mechanism remained…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, stratosphere, smoke behavior, cyclone, UTLS - upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, extratropical transition
It is predicted that under a warming climate, wildfire frequency will likely increase. The increase in fire activity is hypothesized as a likely consequence of increased atmospheric CO2-driven climate warming having the potential to influence fire weather and increase ignition…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, wildfires, charcoal, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Inertinite, fire frequency, wildfire activity, fossils
Accurate estimation of emissions from biomass burning and their impact on carbon storage requires pre and post-fire plot measurement of fuel consumption across a range of forest types and fire severities, and this information is currently far from comprehensive in Australia or…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fuel hazard, fire emissions, forest carbon, fire severity, fuel consumption, Australia
During summer 2018, wildfire smoke impacted the atmospheric composition and photochemistry across much of the western U.S. Smoke is becoming an increasingly important source of air pollution for this region, and this problem will continue to be exacerbated by climate change. The…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: wildfire, Idaho, air quality, VOC - volatile organic compounds, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen, CO - carbon monoxide, O3 - ozone, formaldehyde, PAN - peroxyacetyl nitrate, air pollution
Air quality impact of slash pile burns: simulated geo-spatial impact assessment for Washington State
In the Western U.S., the prescribed burning of woody biomass in forests, mainly harvest slash, is the prevailing practice for in-woods fuel reduction and wildfire mitigation. Though these prescribed burns play an essential role in mitigating the wildfire risks, the resultant…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: harvest residue, waste biomass, wildfires, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, respiratory health, air quality, Washington, slash burn, air pollution
We use observations of acyl peroxynitrates (PANs) from the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) to investigate PANs over the western U.S. during the summer 2018 wildfire season. This period coincides with the Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption,…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, acyl peroxynitrates, PAN - peroxyacetyl nitrate, satellite, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen, transport, chemical production
Background
Global climate change has led to an increase in the prevalence and severity of wildfires. Pollutants released into air, soil and groundwater from wildfires may impact embryo development leading to gastroschisis.
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: environmental exposure, smoke exposure, wildfire, gastroschisis, pregnancy, wildfire exposure
Wildfire emissions affect downwind air quality and human health. Predictions of these impacts using models are limited by uncertainties in emissions and chemical evolution of smoke plumes. Using high-time-resolution aircraft measurements, we illustrate spatial variations that…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfire, chemistry, plume, hydroxyl radical, fire plume evolution, air quality, O3 - ozone
Wildfires generate large amounts of atmospheric pollutants yearly. The development of an emission inventory for this activity is a challenge today, mainly to perform the air quality modeling. There are accessible available databases with historical information about this source…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: GFAS - Global Fire Assimilation System, SMOKE - Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions, air quality modeling, biomass burning, black carbon, organic carbon, GFASv1.3, Southern Hemisphere, NCO - NetCDF Operator
Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) plays a critical role in wildfire dynamics, but little is known about responses of LFMC to multivariate climate change, e.g., warming temperature, CO2 fertilization, and altered precipitation patterns, leading to a limited prediction ability of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: live fuel moisture content, vegetation model, fire danger, climate change
Landscape fires, often referred to as biomass burning (BB), emit substantial amounts of (greenhouse) gases and aerosols into the atmosphere each year. Frequently burning savannas, mostly in Africa, Australia, and South America are responsible for over 60 % of total BB carbon…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions, biomass burning, Brazil, cerrado, aerosols, season of burn
In South Australia, Swamps of the Fleurieu Peninsula are critically endangered due to past vegetation clearance and changes in hydrology, but still contain a high diversity of threatened plant species. This vegetation community provides habitat for 82 threatened ground-stratum…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, threatened species, endangered species, seed bank, germination
The objective of this study was to assess feasibility of integrating a coupled fire-atmosphere model within an air-quality forecast system to create a multiscale air-quality modeling framework designed to simulate wildfire smoke. For this study, a coupled fire-atmosphere model,…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air quality modeling, smoke modeling, fire modeling, coupled fire-atmosphere model, WRF-SFIRE, AIRPACT, Cougar Creek fire, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5
In August 2019, a 4-km thick wildfire smoke layer was observed in the lower stratosphere over Leipzig, Germany, with a ground-based multiwavelength Raman lidar. The smoke was identified by the smoke-specific spectral dependence of the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Raman lidar, aerosol, stratospheric smoke, stratospheric aerosol, CALIPSO Aerosol Types, lidar ratio, wildfire, volcanic sulfate aerosol, Siberia