Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 154
In wildland fires, gaseous fuel released from the thermal degradation of vegetation is burnt in the flame surrounding the solid. The gaseous fuel is a complex and variable mixture including mainly CO, CH4, CO2, and other light hydrocarbons (C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6). For the first…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, mechanisms, oxidation
A number of previous modeling studies have assessed the implications of projected CO2-induced climate change for future terrestrial ecosystems. However, although current understanding of possible long-term response of vegetation to elevated CO2 and CO2-induced climate change in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: boreal forest, climate change, GCMs - general circulation models, LAI - leaf area index, tropical forest, fire emissions, global potential natural vegetation distribution, HadCM climate model, NPP - net primary production, SRESA1B 2100 climate model
The proposal addresses AFP 2004-1, Task 1. The goal of this project is to demonstrate and implement the most advanced technologies for measurements of smoke particulates in real-time. It will focus on obtaining and documenting critical, time-sensitive information on the three-…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, aerosols, visibility, firefighter health, FCAMMS - Fire Consortia for Advanced Modeling of Meteorology and Smoke, public health, particulate emissions
A 60-minute video recorded in September 2008 as part of the Effective Communication for Smoke Management in a Changing Air Quality Environment workshops. This presentation explains the US EPA's policy on smoke management, updates to this policy, and several regulatory actions…
Person: Gillam
Year: 2008
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, haze, non-attainment area, smoke management, health effects, smoke management program, fine particulates, EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, exceptional event
The goal of the project was to fulfill a thorough investigation of (1) the potential and limitations of the remote sensing lidar technique when operating in smoky polluted atmospheres, and (2) the ability of lidar in providing the accurate real time information on smoke plume…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, particulates, aerosols, smoke dispersion
Smokes produced by burning pine litter, green needles, and fuels of lower nitrogen content were drawn through dilute acid solutions which were then nesslerized in the presence and absence of titanous sulfate. Kjeldahl analyses of fuels and residues indicated that 62% of the…
Person:
Year: 1970
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: fire hazard, loblolly pine, ecological effects, forest litter, nutrient content, Pinus taeda
On the basis of burned area, biomass density, burn efficiency and emission factor, annual emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from wildfires in China are estimated for the period from 1950 to 2005. During that period, 7.8 x 106 and 7.5 x 106 Mg of biomass are…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, biogeochemical cycles, biomass, C - carbon, China, cover, fire management, grasslands, hydrocarbons, Japan, Mongolia, Russia, savannas, season of fire, smoke management, wildfires, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wildfires, emission, outflow
Carbon sequestration in agroecosystems represents a significant opportunity to offset a portion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Climatic conditions in the Virginia coastal plain and modern production practices make it possible for high annual photosynthetic CO2 fixation. There…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: agriculture, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, coastal plain, croplands, decomposition, ecosystem dynamics, fire dependent species, Glycine max, histories, Hordeum, Hordeum vulgare, organic matter, photosynthesis, soil management, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soil permeability, soils, statistical analysis, tillage, Triticum, Triticum aestivum, Virginia, Zea, Zea mays, no-till, carbon sequestration, soil quality, biosolids
Atmospheric measurements of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) were made at Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO), located in Oregon's Cascade Range, to understand the trans-Pacific and regional transport of SOCs from urban areas. High volume air sampling (~644 m3 for 24 h periods)…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, C - carbon, Cascades Range, chemical compounds, chlorine, gases, hydrocarbons, Oregon, sampling, smoke management, soils, vegetation surveys, volatilization, wildfires
In Portugal, during summer 2003, unusually large forested areas (>300,000 ha) were destroyed by fire, emitting pollutants to the atmosphere. During this period, aerosol samples were collected in the Aveiro region, and analysed for total mass and a set of inorganic and organic…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, C - carbon, chemical compounds, distribution, Europe, fire management, organic matter, particulates, pollution, Portugal, K - potassium, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, wood, atmospheric aerosols, Portugal, forest fires, levoglucosan, K - potassium, monosugars, polyols, diacids
Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) from simulated grassland and forest fires were quantitatively sampled to derive emission factors in support of PCDD/F inventory development. Grasses from Kentucky and Minnesota; forest shrubs…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: air quality, ash, biomass, C - carbon, chemical compounds, combustion, coniferous forests, Cyrilla racemiflora, field experimental fires, fire management, Florida, forest management, grasses, grasslands, Ilex glabra, Kentucky, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oregon, Piedmont, Pinus contorta, Pinus monticola, Pinus strobus, Pinus taeda, pollution, range management, sampling, shrublands, shrubs, Tsuga heterophylla, volatilization, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF, biomass, pollution, forest, grass
Aerosols from wildfires are the primary aerosols in the Arctic atmosphere during the summer months. These aerosols occur in large, increasing quantities and impact the sensitive radiative balance in the Arctic. FROSTFIRE, a controlled burn in a Long-Term Ecological Research Area…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Arctic, boreal forests, C - carbon, duff, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, firing techniques, forest management, fuel accumulation, gases, organic matter, K - potassium, sampling, smoke effects, smoke management, soil nutrients, watersheds, wildfires, wind, impactor, wildfire, Arctic
Anthropogenic understory fires affect large areas of tropical forest, particularly during severe droughts. Yet, the mechanisms that control tropical forests' susceptibility to fire remain ambiguous. We tested the widely accepted hypothesis that Amazon forest fires increase…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Amazon, Brazil, C - carbon, diameter classes, droughts, experimental fires, fine fuels, fire frequency, fire management, flammability, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, human caused fires, ignition, leaves, liana, litter, microclimate, moisture, mortality, overstory, population density, rate of spread, savannas, scrub, soil moisture, South America, succession, surface fuels, tropical forests, understory vegetation, wildfires, woody fuels, Brazilian Amazon, carbon emissions, feedbacks, forest-savanna transitions, large-scale experimental burns, Mato Grosso transitional forests, tropical forests, tropical wildfires
To understand how boreal forest carbon (C) dynamics might respond to anticipated climatic changes, we must consider two important processes. First, projected climatic changes are expected to increase the frequency of fire and other natural disturbances that would change the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: age classes, air quality, boreal forests, Canada, C - carbon, coniferous forests, decomposition, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, climate change, organic matter, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, plant growth, statistical analysis, wildfires, Canada, CBM-CFS3 - Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector, global change
Based on round-the-clock measurements in 1997-2005 in West Siberia at the Aerosol Station (Tomsk) of the directed scattering coefficient of the dry matter of submicron aerosol and black carbon (BC) mass concentration in particles, the influence of forest fire smoke on the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Asia, biomass burning, C - carbon, fire management, forest management, particulates, peat fires, peatlands, radiation, Russia, Siberia, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, submicron atmospheric aerosol, black carbon, BC mass fraction, forest fires
Mercury emissions from wildfires are significant natural sources of atmospheric mercury, but little is known about what controls speciation of emissions important to mercury deposition processes. The goal of this study was to quantify gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Adenostoma, air quality, Arctostaphylos, biomass, C - carbon, combustion, fire management, fuel management, fuel moisture, leaves, Hg - mercury, moisture, needles, Oryza sativa, particulates, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, Sabal palmetto, S - sulfur, wildfires
Some model experiments predict a large-scale substitution of Amazon forest by savannah-like vegetation by the end of the twenty-first century. Expanding global demands for biofuels and grains, positive feedbacks in the Amazon forest fire regime and drought may drive a faster…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Economics, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, Amazon, Brazil, C - carbon, deforestation, droughts, ENSO, fire control, fire regimes, forest fragmentation, forest management, climate change, land use, logging, mortality, South America, temperature, tropical forests, wildfires, deforestation, biofuel, feedbacks, globalization, global warming
Emissions of aerosol from biomass burning in northern Australia are globally significant, yet existing estimates of their magnitude are essentially unconstrained by observation. This two-part series (see Part II by Luhar et al. [2008. Biomass burning emissions over northern…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, brush fires, C - carbon, distribution, fire danger rating, fire management, fire scar analysis, fuel loading, Northern Territory of Australia, radiation, remote sensing, savannas, season of fire, spot fires, statistical analysis, tropical regions, western Australia, bushfire emissions, fire scars, hotspots, TAPM, Modis data, aerosol loading, air quality in northern territory, Top End
An unanticipated wind shift led to the advection of plumes from two prescribed burning sites that impacted Atlanta, GA, producing a heavy smoke event late in the afternoon on February 28, 2007. Observed PM2.5 concentrations increased to over 140 mg/m3 and O3 concentrations up to…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, ecosystem dynamics, fire case histories, fire hazard reduction, fire management, forest management, gases, Georgia, ozone, K - potassium, rate of spread, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, temperature, urban habitats, wildfires, wind
Past atmospheric methane concentrations show strong fluctuations in parallel to rapid glacial climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere1,2 superimposed on a glacial-interglacial doubling of methane concentrations3-5. The processes driving the observed fluctuations remain…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, C - carbon, Europe, forest management, CH4 - methane, wetlands
Bulk aerosols sampled on a weekly basis at two Cairo (Egypt) urban sites from January 2003 to May 2006 were analysed for their chemical composition of major aerosol species (elemental carbon, water soluble/insoluble organic carbon, nitrate, Sulphate, ammonium, Chloride, sodium…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Africa, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, calcium, C - carbon, dust, Egypt, fire management, smoke management, sodium, statistical analysis, storms, water, aerosol chemical composition, dust material, biomass burning, WSOC - water soluble organic carbon, greater Cairo
Direct evidence of the effects of intense wildfire on forest soil is rare because reliable prefire data are lacking. By chance, an established large-scale experiment was partially burned in the 2002 Biscuit fire in southwestern Oregon. About 200 grid points were sampled across…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: age classes, Arbutus menziesii, Canada, C - carbon, Chrysolepis, coniferous forests, erosion, fire case histories, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, gases, greenhouse gases, heavy fuels, Lithocarpus densiflorus, litter, mineral soils, mortality, N - nitrogen, Oregon, Pinus attenuata, Pinus lambertiana, post fire recovery, Pseudotsuga menziesii, soil management, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soils, statistical analysis, thinning, wildfires, wildlife, wood, woody fuels
Aerosols from wildfires are the primary aerosols in the Arctic atmosphere during the summer months. These aerosols occur in large, increasing quantities and impact the sensitive radiative balance in the Arctic. FROSTFIRE, a controlled burn in a Long-Term Ecological Research Area…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: boreal forest, wildfire, Arctic, flaming phase, Frostfire, permafrost, smoke aerosols, aerosol impactor, smoldering phase
Recent investigations indicate that wildfires provide a significant flux of mercury (Hg) from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere. However, little is known about how geographic location, climate, stand age, and tree species affect Hg accumulation prior to burning and loss…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildfire, Hg - mercury, Washington, Rex Creek Fire, soil cores
A suite of particulate, gaseous and meteorological measurements during the Pittsburgh Supersite experiment were used to characterize the impact of the 2002 Quebec wildfires on pollutant concentrations and physical and chemical processes dominant in the region. Temporal trends in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, boreal fire, pollutant concentrations, Quebec, 2002 wildfires, fire emissions, urban emissions