Type
Topic
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Displaying 1 - 25 of 64
Estimates of greenhouse gases and particulate emissions are made with a high spatiotemporal resolution from the Kilmore East fire in Victoria, Australia, which burnt approximately 100,000 ha over a 12 h period. Altogether, 10,175 Gigagrams (Gg) of CO2 equivalent (CO2‐e)…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, Black Saturday, algorithms, greenhouse gases, PM - particulate matter, particulate emissions, uncertainty analysis
The production of pyrogenic carbon (PyC; a continuum of organic carbon (C) ranging from partially charred biomass and charcoal to soot) is a widely acknowledged C sink, with the latest estimates indicating that ~ 50% of the PyC produced by vegetation fires potentially sequesters…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, C - carbon, charcoal, organic matter, fire management, biochar, black carbon, carbon accounting, carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, charcoal, DOC - dissolved organic carbon, erosion, PyOM - pyrogenic organic matter, wildfire, dissolved black carbon, SOM - soil organic matter, forest soils, boreal forest, climate change, macroscopic charcoal, temperate forest, Marine-Sediments, emission factors, Fresh Charcoal
Living with fire is a challenge for human communities because they are influenced by socio-economic, political, ecological and climatic processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Over the course of 2 days, the authors discussed how communities could live with fire…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire adaptations, smoke effects, wildfires, climate change, health factors, fire management, wildfire, Fire-Adaptive Communities, fire management, climate change, Smoke and Health
Impact of the New South Wales fires during October 2013 on regional air quality in eastern Australia
Smoke plumes from fires contain atmospheric pollutants that can be transported to populated areas and effect regional air quality. In this paper, the characteristics and impact of the fire plumes from a major fire event that occurred in October 2013 (17-26) in the New South…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Hazard and Risk, Fire Effects, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire case histories, smoke effects, wildfires, Australia, New South Wales, air quality, pollution, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air quality, bushfires, Regional Model, Sydney Region, injection height, Ftir Spectrometer, emission factors, Transform Infrared-Spectroscopy, biomass burning emissions, trace gases, particulate matter, vegetation fires, pollution, wildfires, aerosols, forest
In this paper we analyse the extent of fire-induced forest degradation in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. We utilise a sample based approach used in a previous pan-tropical deforestation survey to derive information on land cover and burned areas in the two major biomes of Mato…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire size, season of fire, wildfires, Amazon, Brazil, South America, cover, deforestation, forest fragmentation, sampling, fire management, forest management, cerrado, tropical forests, forest fires, Landsat, sampling, tropical forest, satellite data, Cover Changes, rainforests, deforestation, Landsat, MODIS, classification, patterns, savanna
The savanna biome has the greatest burned area globally. Whereas the global distribution of most biomes can be predicted successfully from climatic variables, this is not so for savannas. Attempts to dynamically model the distribution of savannas, including a realistically…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Africa, South Africa, distribution, grasses, national parks, precipitation, fire management, forest management, savannas, African Biome Distribution, Demographic Bottleneck Hypothesis, Dynamic Vegetation Models, LPJ-GUESS, Tree:Grass Ratio, wildfires, Global Vegetation Model, trace gas emissions, southern Africa, tropical forest, burned area, field data, ecosystems, cover, dynamics
Low intensity prescribed fire is widely practiced in seasonally dry forests in many countries to reduce fuel loads and the risk of uncontrollable wildfires. Associated with low intensity fire is the heating and alteration of organic matter of the litter and surface soil to…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire hazard reduction, low intensity burns, wildfires, Australia, Victoria, C - carbon, charcoal, litter, SOM - soil organic matter, understory vegetation, fire management, forest management, eucalyptus, sclerophyll forests, PyC - pyrogenic carbon, SOC - soil organic carbon, wildfire, temperate deciduous forest, slash-and-burn, black carbon, organic matter, pine forests, N Storage, N - nitrogen, ecosystems
Remote mining operations in Canada's Northwest Territories and Nunavut are supported by a 600 km winter road, which spans the transition from subarctic boreal forest in Yellowknife to low Arctic tundra. Each year, thousands of truckloads of fuel, large equipment, and other heavy…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Canada, Northwest Territories, mining, roads, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, lakes, tundra, PAC - polycyclic aromatic compounds, boreal forest, tundra, Diesel Emissions, wildfire, lakes
The dynamics and structure of the phytomass and production of an undisturbed mesotrophic dwarf shrub-sphagnum phytocenosis and one burned by fire have been compared. The net primary production (NPP) of both sites of phytocenoses in the postpyrogenic period is estimated by direct…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Asia, Russia, C - carbon, remote sensing, fire management, watershed management, peat bogs, Mesotrophic Mire, productivity, carbon emissions
Tropical peatland fires play a significant role in the context of global warming through emissions of substantial amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the state of knowledge on carbon loss from these fires is still poorly developed with few studies reporting the associated mass…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, Asia, Indonesia, C - carbon, climate change, drainage, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, fire management, watershed management, peatlands, tropical regions, peat fires, carbon loss, climate change, fires, Indonesia, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, remote sensing, tropical peatlands, land-cover change, Southeast Asia, peat fires, Indonesia, forest, soil, vegetation, Algorithm, severity
Air pollution from landscape fires, domestic fires and fossil fuel combustion is recognized as the single most important global environmental risk factor for human mortality and is associated with a global burden of disease almost as large as that of tobacco smoking. The shift…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, diseases, health factors, mortality, particulates, pollution, fire management, smoke management, landscape fire, air pollution, Epidemiological Transition, mortality, biomass smoke, particulate matter
Relations between soil biota diversity and its contribution to the performance of some ecosystem functions were assessed based on the results obtained in undisturbed and burned spruce forests near the Central Forest Nature Biosphere Reserve (Tver oblast). In August 2014, in two…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Europe, Russia, soil organisms, species diversity (animals), ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, taiga, soil fauna, biodiversity, Functioning, taiga, boreal ecosystems, nitrogen mineralization, ecosystem services, community, landscape, abundance, Nematodes, podzols, fauna
The Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) is a biodiversity hotspot with a history of fire that goes back as far as 10 million years. Fire has influenced the evolution of several aspects of the vegetation, including reproduction and life cycles. This study tested how fire by-products such…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat, Brazil, South America, seed dormancy, seed germination, temperature, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, cerrado, grasslands, savannas, tropical regions, Campo Sujo, fire-prone ecosystem, heat shock, tropical savannas, wet grasslands, heat shock, Brazilian Cerrado, high temperatures, dormancy, Fluctuations, conservation, grasslands, management, plants
Formic acid (HCOOH) is one of the most abundant carboxylic acids and a dominant source of atmospheric acidity. Recent work indicates a major gap in the HCOOH budget, with atmospheric concentrations much larger than expected from known sources. Here, we employ recent space-based…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, Africa, fire management, forest management, tropical forests, Infrared-Spectroscopy Aftir, Gas-Phase Reactions, global distribution, acetic acid, isoprene emissions, CO - carbon monoxide, Vinyl Alcohol, Mexico City, trace gases
Seeds of some eastern Australian Grevillea species show the characteristics of non-deep physiological dormancy, which is broken by exposure to heat shock and/or smoke. The current study tested whether the restrictive effect of the seed coat on germination was localized to…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Ecology, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, Australia, seed dormancy, seed germination, fire management, smoke management, Embryonic Growth Potential, Mechanical Constraint, Non-Deep Physiological Dormancy, Selective Seed Coat Removal, water potential
Africa has the most extensive C4 grassy biomes of any continent. They are highly flammable accounting for greater than 70% of the world's burnt area. Much of Africa's savannas and grasslands occur in climates warm enough and wet enough to support closed forests. The combination…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, flammability, human-caused fires, Africa, deforestation, fire management, range management, grasslands, old fields, savannas, old-growth grasslands, forest restoration, grassland biodiversity, sub-Saharan Africa, fire regimes, global vegetation, carbon emissions, plant diversity, atmospheric CO2, tropical forest, climate change, savanna fire
Humans use combustion for heating and cooking, managing lands, and, more recently, for fuelling the industrial economy. As a shift to fossil-fuel-based energy occurs, we expect that anthropogenic biomass burning in open landscapes will decline as it becomes less fundamental to…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: biomass burning, human caused fires, carbon dioxide, climate change, fire management, fuel management, smoke management, anthropogenic burning, carbon dioxide emissions, climate change, Global Fire, pyrogeography, fire regimes, wildfire, Impact, Anthropocene, transition, landscape, patterns, drivers
Fire and herbivory are the two consumers of above-ground biomass globally. They have contrasting impacts as they differ in terms of selectivity and temporal occurrence. Here, we integrate continental-scale data on fire and herbivory in Africa to explore (i) how environmental…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, wildfires, Africa, grazing, greenhouse gases, herbivory, mammals, CH4 - methane, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, wildlife management, savannas, Fire - Grazer Interactions, Savannah Determinants, greenhouse gas emissions
From the text...'Comparing an accouont of the 1997 fires...with the events of 2015 gives one an eerie sense of history repeating itself. Will anything be different in the aftermath this time? We believe it is naive to expect Indonesia to solve the forest-fire problem on its own…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, Asia, Indonesia, Borneo, Sumatra, air quality, agriculture, clearcutting, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, mammals, precipitation, fire management, forest management, peatlands, Southeast Asia, haze, peat
Landscape fires can produce large quantities of smoke that degrade air quality in both remote and urban communities. Smoke from these fires is a complex mixture of fine particulate matter and gases, exposure to which is associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Canada, Landscape Fire Smoke, wildfire smoke, portable air cleaners, HEPA filter - high effieciency particulate air filter, Intervention, particulate matter, wildfire smoke, cardiovascular health, Indoor Particles, forest fire, Intervention, impacts, Filtration, pollution, exposure
The 2011 Richardson wildland mega-fire in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) in northern Alberta, Canada had large effects on air quality. At a receptor site in the center of the AOSR ambient PM2.5, O3, NO, NO2, SO2, NH3, HONO, HNO3, NH4+ and NO3- were measured during the…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, Canada, Alberta, Richardson Fire, smoke effects, fine particulate matter, Reactive Nitrogenous Species, SO2 - sulfur dioxide, sulfate, ozone, Athabasca Oil Sands, Passive Sampling System, Ambient Nitric-Acid, Nitrous-Acid, tropospheric ozone, climate change, trace gases, atmospheric deposition, chemical composition, Ammonia Emissions
Plant-derived smoke promotes germination in Mediterranean-like environments, but its effect is unclear in the Mediterranean Cistaceae. This article investigates the role of smoke in the comparative germination ecology of five Helianthemum taxa. Laboratory germination experiments…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, Europe, Spain, seed germination, statistical analysis, temperature, fire management, smoke management, Mediterranean habitats, Atlantic, Endemic, Mediterranean, physical dormancy, physiological dormancy
Introduction: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from vegetation fires can be transported over long distances and may cause significant air pollution episodes far from the fires. However, epidemiological evidence on health effects of vegetation-fire originated air…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Occurrence, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, Europe, Finland, air quality, health factors, mortality, particulates, pollution, vegetation surveys, fire management, smoke management, vegetation fire, air pollution, particulate matter, mortality, hospital admissions
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) generated by forest fires has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including exacerbation of respiratory diseases and increased risk of mortality. Due to the unpredictable nature of forest fires, it is challenging for…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, British Columbia, Canada, air quality, health factors, particulates, fire management, smoke management, forest fire smoke, Blended Models, fine particulate matter, exposure assessment, epidemiology, public health
Canadian wildfire smoke impacted air quality across the northern Mid-Atlantic (MA) of the United States during June 9-12, 2015. A multiday exceedance of the new 2015 70-ppb National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone (O-3) followed, resulting in Maryland being…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: wildfires, Canada, Maryland, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, smoke management, VOC - volatile organic compounds, forest fire rmissions, PM - particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, climate change, urban area, boreal forest, pollution