Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 113
A wildfire smoke detection system using unmanned aerial vehicle images based on the optimized YOLOv5
Wildfire is one of the most significant dangers and the most serious natural catastrophe, endangering forest resources, animal life, and the human economy. Recent years have witnessed a rise in wildfire incidents. The two main factors are persistent human interference with the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfire detection, forest fire, UAV - unmanned aerial vehicles, drone images, YOLOv5, deep learning, CNN - convolution neural network, smoke detection
Satellite remote sensing of aerosol optical depth (AOD) is essential for detection, characterization, and forecasting of wildfire smoke. In this work, we evaluate the AOD (550 nm) retrievals during the extreme wildfire events over the western U.S. in September 2020. Three…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: AOD - aerosol optical depth, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, retrieval, wildfire, MAIAC - Multi‐angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction, AERONET - Aerosol Robotic Network
PurpleAir particulate matter (PM) sensors are increasingly used in the United States and other countries for real-time air quality information, particularly during wildfire smoke episodes. Uncorrected PurpleAir data can be biased and may exhibit a nonlinear response at extreme…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air sensors, PurpleAir, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, AQI - Air Quality Index, error correction, evaluation, wildfire
Background
Smoke from wildfires is a growing public health risk due to the enormous amount of smoke-related pollution that is produced and can travel thousands of kilometers from its source. While many studies have documented the physical health harms of wildfire smoke, less is…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, landscape fire, bushfire, haze, mental health, well-being, scoping review
Join project staff and members of the committee for a public release webinar about the new report, The Chemistry of Fires at the Wildland-Urban Interface on Tuesday, September 20th from 3:00PM to 4:00PM EDT. The committee will share information about their findings and…
Person: Allen, Lowry, Adetona, Holder, Rosario-Ortiz, Turpin
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: public health, wildfires, fire chemistry, communities at risk, air quality, water quality
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds formed by the cooking of meat and combustion of biomass. There are relatively few data on HAAs in atmospheric particulate matter (PM). We developed an analytical method using high performance liquid…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, atmospheric particulate matter, heterocyclic aromatic amines, wildfire, HPLC-MS/MS - high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Smouldering peat fires are responsible for regional haze episodes and cause environmental, social and health crises. Owing to the unique burning characteristics of smouldering peat, identifying and detecting this kind of fire remains a challenge. This work explores smouldering…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: haze, detection, mitigation, peatland, smoldering, wildfires
Background: Wildfire smoke may dampen fire severity through effects on weather and the persistence of atmospheric inversions, but empirical work on the link between smoke and fire severity is scarce.
Aims: To assess the influence of daily smoke characteristics on wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: Klamath Mountains, fire severity, inversion, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, reburn, terrain, wildfires
We undertake a nationwide US study to estimate how mega-fires (defined as wildfires >100,000 acres in size) affect short-term infant health outcomes in communities located within the flame zone. This is the first study to look exclusively at mega-fires, which have unique…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: megafires, mega-fires, indirect effects, health impacts, infant health, flame zone
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of compounds containing multiple aromatic rings formed during incomplete combustion. Since many of them are known mutagens and carcinogens, PAHs found in the particulate matter (PM) from the wildfire smoke may pose significant…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfire, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PM - particulate matter, DART-MS - direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry, PM2.5, PM10, biomass burning, smoke exposure
Climate change is accelerating the intensity and frequency of wildfires globally. Understanding how wildfire smoke (WS) may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and alterations in placental function via biological mechanisms is critical to mitigate the harms of exposure. We aim to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air pollution, pregnancy, wildfire, placenta, toxicology, perinatal outcomes, climate change, pregnancy, obstetrics, preterm birth, fetal growth, birth weight, reproduction, inflammation, epigenetics, oxidative stress, endocrine, metabolism, hormones, vascular, vasculogenesis, hypertension, PM2.5, PM10, PM - particulate matter
To collect partner and employee input on the Wildfire Crisis Strategy 10-year Implementation Plan, the Forest Service and National Forest Foundation hosted a series of roundtable discussions in the winter and spring of 2022. Individual roundtables were focused on each of the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: climate change, fire-adapted communities, fireshed, forest health, fuel treatment, ignition, land management, National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (Cohesive Strategy), resilience, wildfires, Wildfire Crisis Strategy, trusted communicators, shared stewardship, equity, ITEK - Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge
This open access book synthesizes current information on wildland fire smoke in the United States, providing a scientific foundation for addressing the production of smoke from wildland fires. This will be increasingly critical as smoke exposure and degraded air quality are…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfire, policy, quality of life, natural resource management, environment and people
Rapidly scaling up the use of prescribed fire is being promoted as an important pathway for reducing the growing damages of wildfire events in the United States, including limiting the health impacts from smoke emissions. However, we do not currently have the science needed to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: benefit analysis, cost benefit analysis, human health, knowledge gap, public acceptability, wildfires, wildfire management
Smoke Tools Version 4.1.0 - How to Use VSMOKE and VSMOKE-GIS, and Produce Input Files for PC HYSPLIT
A guide on how to install and use several desktop software packages to model smoke from wildland fire.
This guide references a larger series of lessons on each model available for download on https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1wC4RlOQjIlIN-_4o0US74fRQqw4OkCD4
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: emissions and smoke, modeling, Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), FEPS - Fire Emissions Production Simulator, VSMOKE, FFT - Fuel and Fire Tools, visibility impairment
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are routinely used as proxies for wildfire in geological sediments associated with large igneous province (LIP) driven CO2 increases and mass extinction events. One example is the end-Triassic mass extinction event (ETE) driven by Earth's…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, end-Triassic, mass extinction, CAMP - Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, wildfire, soil erosion
Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, inverse modeling, airborne lidar, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, plume rise, WRF-Chem
Major wildfires and heatwaves have begun to increase in frequency throughout much of the United States, particularly in western states such as California, causing increased risk to public health. Air pollution is exacerbated by both wildfires and warmer temperatures, thus adding…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California
Keywords: climate change, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, heatwaves, air pollution, PurpleAir, compound risk, public health, environmental justice
Fire location and burning area are essential parameters for estimating fire emissions. However, ground-based fire data (such as fire perimeters from incident reports) are often not available with the timeliness required for real-time forecasting. Fire detection products derived…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, satellite data, burned area, estimation model, fire detections, hot spots, fire detection
Wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols, and the production, dispersion, and transformation of fire emissions have significant ambient air quality impacts and climate interactions. The increase in wildfire area burned and severity across the United States and…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: emission factors, wildland fire, wildfire, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, CH4 - methane, C - carbon, VOC - volatile organic compounds
Wildfires in America are becoming larger, more frequent, and more destructive, driven by climate change and existing land management practices. Many of these fires occur at the wildland-urban interface (WUI), areas where development and wildland areas overlap and which are…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Planning, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords:
The radiative forcing (RF) of volcanic sulfate is well quantified. However, the RF of pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) smoke with absorbing carbonaceous aerosols has not been considered in climate assessment reports. With the Community Earth System Model (CESM), we studied two record-…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: pyroCb, effective radiative forcing, wildfire, stratosphere, fast adjustments, Community Earth System Model
The impact of smoke from wildland fires on human health is currently a serious concern due to the high levels of emitted gases and particulate matter that affect populations and firefighters. In recent decades, scientific developments regarding smoke dispersion and its impacts…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke dispersion, forecasting system, human health, air quality, EFFIS - European Forest Fire Information System
Climate change impacts and rapid development in the wildland-urban interface are increasing population exposure and vulnerability to the harmful effects of wildfire and wildfire smoke. The direct and indirect effects of these hazards may impact future mobility decisions among…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: climate migration, risk perception, personal experience, wildfire, threat appraisal, migration intentions, mitigation
We analyze the effects of the diurnal cycle of fire emissions (DCFE) and plume rise on U.S. air quality using the MUSICAv0 (Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols Version 0) model during the FIREX-AQ (Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: FIREX‐AQ - Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality, plume rise, diurnal cycle, fire, MUSICA, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen, air quality