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Topic
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Displaying 1 - 25 of 59
The Manual includes information on the organization's standard operating procedures, requirements, and guidelines regarding fire management. It also outlines the necessary steps for developing and maintaining a succesful fire management program. The Manual is a dynamic document…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Hazard and Risk, Logistics, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: catastrophic fires, conservation, fire equipment, fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, firefighting personnel, health factors, liability, manuals, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires
There is limited understanding of how fire-related cues such as heat shock and smoke can combine to affect the germination response of seeds from fire-prone vegetation because combinations of multiple levels of both cues have rarely been investigated. Germination response…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Australia, fire management, germination, heat, heat effects, New South Wales, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, smoke management, temperature, aerosol smoke, germination, heat shock, soil seed bank
The present paper reviews a long-term fire experiment in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, established in 1954 to support fire management. The paper's goals are: (1) to assess learning, with a focus on relevance for fire management; (2) to examine how findings influenced…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, ecosystem dynamics, experimental areas, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, forest management, herbaceous vegetation, insects, mammals, mortality, mosaic, mycorrhiza, national parks, N - nitrogen, physiology, precipitation, range management, savannas, season of fire, small mammals, soil nutrients, soils, South Africa, vegetation surveys, woody plants, elephants, fire season, Kruger National Park
Fire is a frequent perturbation in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, altering soil organic matter turnover. In a Mediterranean shrubland subjected to experimental fire, soil CO2 emissions were measured over an annual cycle in burned and unburned sites using static chambers. Some…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Arbutus unedo, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, ecosystem dynamics, Europe, experimental areas, fire management, Italy, Mediterranean habitats, Myrtus communis, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, organic matter, pH, Phillyrea, Pistacia lentiscus, post-fire recovery, Quercus ilex, range management, shrublands, soil management, soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil temperature, statistical analysis, temperature, water, water uptake, experimental fire, metabolic quotient, priming effect, soil organic matter mineralization, soil water content, Mediterranean shrublands
Much of the recent work in reducing wildland fire danger has occurred in the western and southeastern United States. However, high-risk areas do exist at the wildland-urban interface areas in the Northeast and very little work has been done to understand the fire management…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: fire hazard reduction, firebreaks, National Fire Plan, wildfires, air quality, cutting, public information, thinning, Massachusetts, New England, fire management, forest management, pine barrens, homeowner perceptions-wildland fire risk, fire hazard reduction strategies
More and more people are making their homes in woodland settings in or near forests, rural areas, or remote mountain sites - areas in which wildfires are more likely to occur. Wildfires often begin unnoticed. They spread quickly, igniting brush, trees, and homes. CDC recommends…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: podcast
The Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) focuses on new literature on the scientific, technological, environmental, economic and social aspects of mitigation of climate change, published since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) and the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, mitigation, greenhouse gas, policy
In a burn of 5-year-old secondary forest cleared for agriculture in Roraima, Brazil, carbon partitioning was measured for above-ground portions of both secondary forest (regrowth) and the remains of original forest, felled and burned six years previously. Above-ground dry weight…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: charcoal, agriculture, deforestation, global warming, Brazil, biomass burning, greenhouse gas, secondary forests, carbon dioxide, axis, biomass, broadcast burning, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, cutting, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, climate change, litter, palms, post-fire recovery, sampling, second growth forests, tropical forest, vines
Historical evidence suggests that great wildfires burning in the Lake States and Canada can affect atmospheric conditions several hundred miles away (Smith 1950; Wexler 1950). Several 'dark' or 'yellow' days, as such events are commonly called, have been recorded, often with…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: fire scars, wildfires, New England, dendrochronology, fire case histories, drought, fire injuries (plants), fire management, Pinus resinosa, precipitation, smoke management, wildfires
The research and development (R&D) arm of the Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), with approximately 550 researchers in a range of biological, physical, and social science fields, seeks to better understand and describe the complex mechanisms at work in…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Forest Service, research, research accomplishment report
This conference was attended by nearly 450 Forest Service earth scientists representing hydrology, soil science, geology, and air. In addition to active members of the earth science professions, many retired scientists also attended and participated. These 60 peer-reviewed…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Aquatic
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: conferences, earth sciences
The Rocky Mountain Research Station has a long and celebrated legacy of conducting relevant natural resources research throughout the Interior West and beyond. Land managers and planners regularly rely upon our science to help make wise resource decisions. Our niche among…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: Forest Service, research, Rocky Mountain Research Station
The Georgia Forestry Commission has developed an Internet-based, user friendly version of a USDA Forest Service smoke dispersion model called 'VSMOKE.' The program provides an easy to use method to quickly evaluate what areas will likely be impacted by smoke from a wild or…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, fire management, smoke dispersion, VSMOKE
Wildland fuels have been accumulating in the United States during at least the past half-century due to wildland fire management practices and policies. The additional fuels contribute to intense fire behavior, increase the costs of wildland fire control, and contribute to the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: BlueSkyRAINS, fire management, wildland fuels, BlueSky Modeling Framework
The BlueSky Smoke Prediction System developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, AirFire Team under the National Fire Plan is a modeling framework that integrates tools, knowledge of fuels, moisture, combustion, emissions, plume dynamics, and weather to…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: fire management, smoke concentration, BlueSky Modeling Framework, plume trajectories
Computational tools have been developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for modeling fire spread and smoke transport. These tools have been adapted to address fire scenarios that occur in the wildland urban interface (WUI) over kilometer-scale…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire management, fire spread, smoke transport, Smokeview
Long-duration fire activity during the 2006 northern California fire season presented an excellent opportunity to create a temporary air-quality/smoke-monitoring network in the complex terrain across northwestern California. The network was established through cooperative…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, fire management, smoke monitoring network
The Regional Haze rule addresses visibility impairment in 156 Federal Class I areas. The goal of the rule is to remove all anthropogenic air pollution from the National Parks and Wilderness areas. Determining natural visibility conditions is an interesting and complicated…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire management, visibility, Regional Haze Rule
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are key species in atmospheric chemistry because of their reactivity and roles as pollutants, precursors to ozone (O3, an air toxic and greenhouse gas), and as greenhouse gases themselves. Fine carbonaceous particles also have important…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: deforestation, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Amazon, Brazil, biomass burning, VOC - volatile organic carbon, TROFFEE - Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment, RWD - residual woody debris
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions from fires in tropical forest fuels were quantified using Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTRMS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography (GC) coupled to PTRMS (GC-PTR-MS). We investigated VOC…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: tropical ecosystems, VOC - volatile organic compounds, Brazil, biomass burning, TROFFEE - Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment
Whether the goal is to improve wildlife habitat, gauge the effects of prescribed burns or wildfire, or assess the unaccustomed conditions and hidden dangers of fallen trees in the aftermath of hurricanes, a suite of tools developed by the Fire and Environmental Research…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: CONSUME, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, fuel loading, Natural Fuels Photo Series, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Digital Photo Series
Aim: Globally, most landscape burning occurs in the tropical savanna biome, where fire is a characteristic of the annual dry season. In northern Australia there is uncertainty about how the frequency and timing of dry season fires have changed in the transition from Aboriginal…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: aboriginal burning practices, air pollution, convection, PM10, visibility, Australia, biomass burning, historical ecology, tropical savannas, monsoon tropics
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected ash and burned soils from about 28 sites in southern California wildfire areas (Harris, Witch, Ammo, Santiago, Canyon and Grass Valley) from Nov. 2 through 9, 2007 (table 1). USGS researchers are applying a wide variety of analytical…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: ash, soils, burned soil, water quality, human health, flooding, debris flows, endangered species, BAER - Burned Area Emergency Response
The summer of 2004 was one of the largest fire seasons on record for Alaska and western Canada. We construct a daily bottom-up fire emission inventory for that season, including consideration of peat burning and high-altitude (buoyant) injection, and evaluate it in a global…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: fuel consumption, boreal fire, CO - carbon monoxide, western Canada, fire plumes, GEOS-Chem CTM, global chemical transport model, high-altitude injection, ICARTT aircraft observations, MODIS fire hot spots, MOPITT satellite observations, peat burning, upper troposphere
FULL TEXT: In the summer of 2005, wildfires raged over 3.4 million hectares of Alaska and Canada's northern boreal forests, according to combined figures from the Canadian Large Fire Database and the Alaska Large Fires Database. It was the region's second worst fire season on…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, wildfire, mercury emissions, peat soils, peatland, MeHg - methyl Hg