Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 201 - 225 of 225
Brian Potter, a research meteorologist with the USDA Forest Service, presented a webinar on February 26, 2015 regarding the state of science with respect to the airflow associated with fire convection plumes. This includes the concepts of plume dominated fires, adverse wind…
Person: Potter
Year: 2015
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: atmospheric stability, extreme fire behavior, wind profile, fire plumes, downdraft, wind driven fires, inflow, updraft, fire columns, plume dynamics, plume dominated fires, instability
Land managers and air quality regulators need a tool to accurately and efficiently estimate the biomass and emissions from burning of hand-piled fuels as pile burning becomes a more widespread and common practice for treating high fire hazard areas with surface fuels in excess…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Data
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: fuel treatments, Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Sequoia National Forest, biomass, Washington, Los Padres National Forest, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, hand-pile, biota, multiple species
This data package contains raw lidar data and derived raster products from the 2008, 2011, and 2012 Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCADRE). Data include LAZ lidar files and derived rasters including terrain, canopy height, mean…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Data
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: Eglin Air Force Base, fire suppression, remote sensing, canopy base height, fire detection, Georgia, intensity, Florida, RxCADRE, airborne lidar, biota, Joseph Jones Ecological Research Center
Prescribed fire can be an important tool in the successful management of many invasive plants. This two-part webinar series will focus on the invasive plant Phragmites australis. Prescribed fire is often recommended as part of an integrated management regime. However, large…
Person: Osterland
Year: 2015
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: fire management, fuel loading, fuel moisture, Michigan, burn plans, public perception, smoke management, Phragmites, Phragmites australis
Fire frequency, extent, and size exhibit a strong linkage with climate conditions and play a vital role in the climate system. Previous studies have shown that the frequency of large fires in the western United States increased significantly since the mid-1980s due to climate…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire frequency, fire intensity, fire size, wildfires, C - carbon, climate change, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, smoke management, burned area, Remote-Sensed Burn Severity, climate change, combustion completeness, Normalized Burn Ratio, Pyrogenic Carbon Emissions, Canadian boreal forest, Black Spruce Forests, Gulf-of-Mexico, ecosystem carbon, terrestrial ecosystems, Temporal Patterns, Mississippi River, Landsat Imagery
Wildfires release substantial quantities of carbon (C) into the atmosphere but they also convert part of the burnt biomass into pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM). This is richer in C and, overall, more resistant to environmental degradation than the original biomass, and,…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Prescribed Fire, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: experimental fires, wildfires, C - carbon, charcoal, organic matter, Pinus banksiana, jack pine, Northern Territory of Australia, Canada, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, biochar, black carbon, boreal forest, carbon emissions, charcoal, firesmart experimental fire, pyrogenic carbon
We characterized distributions of 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (S23PAH) and nine oxygenated PAHs (S9OPAH) in four remote forests. We observed highest S23PAH and S9OPAH concentrations in a coniferous forest in Florida, particularly in organic layers which we attributed to…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Eastern, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: fire dependent species, air quality, C - carbon, hydrocarbons, litter, mineral soils, pollution, Picea rubens, red spruce, Pinus elliottii, slash pine, Pinus palustris, longleaf pine, Pinus sabiniana, foothill pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, Quercus douglasii, blue oak, Quercus wislizeni, interior live oak, Tsuga canadensis, eastern hemlock, Florida, Maine, Washington, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, air pollution, ecosystem processes, Oxy-PAH, ASEPs - atmosphere-surface exchangeable pollutants
Organic aerosols (OAs) in the atmosphere affect Earth's energy budget by not only scattering but also absorbing solar radiation due to the presence of the so-called 'brown carbon' (BrC) component. However, the absorptivities of OAs are not represented or are poorly represented…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, light, statistical analysis, smoke management
In May 2003, high concentrations of organic carbon (OC) in PM2.5 were measured in Nagoya, a representative metropolitan area in Japan. To investigate the influence of possible forest fires on PM2.5 in Japan via long-range aerosol transport, the radiocarbon (14C) concentrations…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire case histories, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, Japan, Siberia, Russia, Asia, fire management, smoke management, Siberian forest fire, radiocarbon, contemporary carbon, organic carbon, long-range transport, PM2.5
In Southeast Asia, peatland is widely distributed and has accumulated a massive amount of soil carbon, coexisting with peat swamp forest (PSF). The peatland, however, has been rapidly degraded by deforestation, fires, and drainage for the last two decades. Such disturbances…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, C - carbon, disturbance, drainage, energy, ENSO, evapotranspiration, hydrology, soil nutrients, water, Indonesia, Kalimantan, Asia, fire management, forest management, watershed management, peatlands, swamps, tropical regions, disturbances, drainage, eddy covariance, energy balance, ENSO, groundwater level, Southeast Asia
From the text ... 'Already the largest fires on Earth in terms of their carbon footprint, these smoldering fires [in drying peatlands -- also know as mires] burn through thick layers of peat, built up over thousands of years, which blanket the ground in ecosystems ranging from…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: ground fires, peat fires, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, climate change, organic soils, Nevada, fire management, watershed management, peatlands
Prescribed burning is a forest management practice that is widely used in Australia to reduce the risk of damaging wildfires. Prescribed burning can affect both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the forest and thereby influence the soil-atmosphere exchange of major…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire hazard reduction, low intensity burns, Australia, Queensland, air quality, C - carbon, greenhouse gases, CH4 - methane, N - nitrogen, fire management, forest management
Vegetation fires emit large amounts of nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere, including ammonia (NH3). These emissions are still subject to large uncertainties. In this study, we analyze time series of monthly NH3 total columns (molec cm-2) from the IASI sounder on board MetOp-A…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, Africa, Asia, South America, air quality, N - nitrogen, remote sensing, vegetation surveys, fire management, forest management, smoke management, Ammonia Emissions, vegetation fires, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, Biomass Burning Emission Inventories, GFEDv3.1, GFASv1.0
Ecosystem health and visibility degradation due to fine-mode atmospheric particles have been documented in remote areas and motivate particle characterization that can inform mitigation strategies. This study explores submicron (PM1) particle size, composition, and source…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, national parks, N - nitrogen, particulates, remote sensing, wind, Wyoming, fire management, forest management, smoke management, Organic Aerosol, source apportionment, secondary organic aerosol, biomass burning, background, organic nitrogen, aerosol mass spectrometer, positive matrix factorization
Ammonia measurements from the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) study network were analyzed for trends over 9 yr (2004-2012) of observations. Total ammonia concentrations, defined as the sum of gas-phase ammonia and fine particle ammonium, were found to…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, air quality, chemical compounds, gases, N - nitrogen, SO2 - sulfur dioxide, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, fire management
A summer campaign in Central Italy was carried out to study the impact of fire emissions on the mixing ratios of surface trace gases. Observations with a selective and sensitive instrument that uses the laser induced fluorescence technique for direct measurements of nitrogen…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, flowering, gases, N - nitrogen, ozone, pollution, Italy, Europe, fire management, forest management, grasslands, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, biomass burning, urban pollution, laser induced fluorescence
From the introduction ... 'This report describes and presents the results of four groups of experiments designed to obtain information on some facets of N2 fixation. The objectives of these experiments were to: (1) Determine N2 fixation potential for a number of Coastal Plain…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: bacteria, chemical compounds, coastal forests, coastal plain, energy, fertilization, fertilizers, fire exclusion, fire management, gases, litter, minerals, moisture, N - nitrogen, nitrogen fixation, North Carolina, nutrients, phosphorus, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, plantations, sampling, savannas, season of fire, site treatments, soil management, soil moisture, soil organisms, soils, South Carolina, statistical analysis, swamps
Pollutant production due to the combustion of forest slash material has been determined from measurements obtained for controlled field burns. Temporal and spatial concentrations of CO2 and total particulate were measured during flights of an instrumented aircraft through the…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: air quality, C - carbon, clearcutting, combustion, coniferous forests, duff, fire management, fuel inventory, fuel management, fuel moisture, fuel types, hydrogen, laboratory fires, Larix occidentalis, logging, moisture, Montana, needles, N - nitrogen, particulates, pollution, Pseudotsuga menziesii, sampling, slash, smoke management, statistical analysis, US Forest Service
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Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, laboratory fires, litter, needles, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, nutrients, particulates, pine, Pinus palustris, South Carolina, volatilization
The Missoula Equipment Development Center (MEDC) monitored firefighters' exposure to carbon monoxide on two wildfires in CY 1974. On one fire most of the firefighters were exposed to levels of carbon monoxide (CO) higher than those permitted by the proposed standard that the…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Safety
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies
Keywords: C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, Idaho, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires
Alaska, the great northern frontier of America, is being reshaped by climate change. While rising temperatures are altering its character and landscape, they are also bringing the ravages of wildfires. In the past 60 years, Alaska has warmed more than twice as fast as the rest…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, C - carbon, area burned, fire season length
Alaska and its neighbor to the east, Canada, have kicked off wildfire season in a major way. Blazes have raged across the northern stretches of North America, sending smoke streaming down into the Lower 48 and leaving the landscape charred. The multitudes of fires is a glimpse…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: peatlands, C - carbon, climate change
Boreal fires burn into carbon-rich organic soils, thereby releasing large quantities of trace gases and aerosols that influence atmospheric composition and climate. To better understand the factors regulating boreal fire emissions, we developed a statistical model of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: aerosols, trace gases, carbon consumption, fire size, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, organic soils, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, boreal forests
In this paper, we analyze the current and future status of forests in Ukraine and Belarus that were contaminated after the nuclear disaster in 1986. Using several models, together with remote-sensing data and observations, we studied how climate change in these forests may…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, litter, carbon stock, Chernobyl, climate change, fire risk, Ukraine, Belarus, Cesium-137, redistribution, biomass burning, crown fires, fire intensity, wildfires, C - carbon, cover, distribution, drought, radiation, mortality, remote sensing, snags, fire management, forest management
Savanna ecosystems comprise 22% of the global terrestrial surface and 25% of Australia (almost 1.9 million km2) and provide significant ecosystem services through carbon and water cycles and the maintenance of biodiversity. The current structure, composition and distribution of…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon balance, savannas, Australia, biomass burning, greenhouse gas, climate feedbacks, fire regimes, wildfires, aerosols, air temperature, C - carbon, humidity, precipitation, radiation, wind, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management