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Predictive equations for duff reduction and mineral soil exposure by prescribed fire are presented. An explanation is suggested for the dependence of duff combustion on surface fuel combustion. Surface fire duration and fuel moisture estimates of the National Fire-Danger Rating…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: duff, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, site preparation, air quality, chemistry, coniferous forests, dominance, fine fuels, erosion, fire danger rating, fire management, fire management planning, fire weather, forest management, fuel loading, fuel moisture, fuel types, heat, heat effects, ignition, mineral soil, post-fire recovery, precipitation, Pseudotsuga menziesii, regeneration, season of fire, seeds, site treatments, smoke management, soils, statistical analysis, surface fires, surface fuels, understory vegetation, water quality, Oregon, Washington

We have used the high optical absorptivity of urban and source particulates to trace their ‘graphitic” component. The optical absorptivity and the particu late carbon loading show a strong correlation. Analyses of the data indicate that primary soot emissions compose a major…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, Illinois, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, soot, statistical analysis, S - sulfur, urban habitats

Flexible polyurethane foams that are char formers are capable of smoldering combustion. The smoldering process is an oxygen-limited, heterogenous oxidation process that slowly transforms the foam to a brittle, black replica of itself; for the foam examined here, the resultant…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: char, chemistry, combustion, computer programs, convection, energy, foam, gases, heat, ignition, New England, New Jersey, N - nitrogen, radiation, smoke behavior, temperature

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Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, chemistry, foliage, forest management, fuel types, heat, heat effects, Ilex glabra, laboratory fires, leaves, low intensity burns, natural resource legislation, needles, N - nitrogen, organic soils, pine, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, pollution, sampling, Serenoa repens, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires

In order to estimate the production of charcoal and the atmospheric emissions of trace gases volatilized by burning we have estimated the global amounts of biomass which are affected by fires. We have roughly calculated annual gross burning rates ranging between about 5 Pg and 9…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon flux, carbon budget, gas emissions, biomass burning, air quality, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, biomass, boreal forests, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, charcoal, dead fuels, deforestation, ecosystem dynamics, forestation, gases, grazing, land use, livestock, moisture, organic matter, savannas, season of fire, statistical analysis, tropical forest, volatilization, wildfires

The mass burning rates of several polymer systems, including polycarbonates, polysystrenes, polyethylenes, and wood were determined for steady-state combustion in an apparatus similar to that constructed at Factory Mutual Research. The work was undetaken to determine the…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: burning intervals, char, chemical elements, combustion, fire control, flammability, gases, heat, Michigan, O - oxygen, wood