Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 26 - 50 of 138
Forest fires release significant amounts of trace gases and aerosols into the atmosphere. Depending on meteorological conditions, fire emissions can efficiently reduce air quality and visibility, even far away from emission sources. In 2005, an arson forest fire burned nearly…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, rate of spread, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, gases, CH4 - methane, N - nitrogen, ozone, particulates, pollution, France, fire management, smoke management, Mediterranean habitats, Mediterranean region, off-line coupled model, fire spread, injection height, smoke plume pollutants
During March 2008 photometer observations of Arctic aerosol were performed both at a Russian ice-floe drifting station (NP-35) at the central Arctic ocean (56.7-42.0º E, 85.5-84.2º N) and at Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen (78.9º N, 11.9º E). Next to a persistent increase of AOD over NP…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, Russia, Asia, Europe, forest management, smoke management, boreal forests, Arctic haze, Arctic smoke, aerosol, photometer, LiDAR
From the text ... '..., in today's world with imcreasing populations, and more people living in the wildland urban interface, prescribed burn practitioners must put more emphasis on smoke management. If we don't manage our smoke and the resulting negative impacts, then the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: heat, smoke behavior, air temperature, humidity, precipitation, public information, storms, wind, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, land management, smoke management
In fire-prone ecosystems, many species require signals such as heat or smoke to cue seedling establishment to the relatively favorable post fire environment. Grassland ecosystems are often maintained by recurring fire and many grassland species are considered well adapted to…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire frequency, heat effects, laboratory fires, smoke effects, grasses, seed dormancy, seed germination, Bouteloua curtipendula, Bouteloua eriopoda, Bouteloua gracilis, Salvia, Great Plains, Texas, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, range management, smoke management, grasslands, savannas, Bouteloua, Salvia, southern Great Plains, Texas
There is a growing concern that human health impacts from exposure to wildfire smoke are ignored in estimates of monetized damages from wildfires. Current research highlights the need for better data collection and analysis of these impacts. Using unique primary data, this paper…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire size, smoke effects, wildfires, health factors, pollution, southern California, fire management, smoke management, wildfire, health effects, defensive behavior method, WTP - willingness to pay, cost of illness, Station Fire
Fire regimes in many north Australian savanna regions are today characterised by frequent wildfires occurring in the latter part of the 7-month dry season. A fire management program instigated from 2005 over 24,000 km2 of biodiversity-rich Western Arnhem Land aims to reduce the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire regimes, season of fire, wildfires, elevation, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, roads, Northern Territory of Australia, fire management, forest management, savannas, sloping terrain, fire management, greenhouse gas emissions, leverage, planned fire, unplanned fire, Australia
Multiple air monitoring campaigns were conducted from 2003 to 2007 during the months of December through April in which time-integrated monitoring of PM2.5 was performed during 55 prescribed burn (PB) events administered under select meteorological conditions. The data were…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire intensity, fire size, ignition, air quality, particulates, statistical analysis, wind, Georgia, South Carolina, fire management, smoke management, air pollution, Generalized Additive Models, mixed-models, particulate matter
Intraspecific trait variability has a fundamental contribution to the overall trait variability. However, little is known concerning the relative role of local (e.g. disturbances and species interaction) and regional (biogeographical) processes in generating this intraspecific…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, Cistus salviifolius, Lavandula, Turkey, Asia, Spain, Europe, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, Mediterranean ecosystems, germination traits, seed traits, spatial scale
Smoke from forest fires contains significant amounts of gaseous and particulate pollutants. Firefighters exposed to wildland fire smoke can suffer from several acute and chronic adverse health effects. Consequently, exposure data are of vital importance for the establishment of…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire suppression, firefighting personnel, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, health factors, particulates, pollution, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management
In the summer 2010 extensive wildfires in the western parts of Russia emitted massive amounts of smoke and aerosols into the atmosphere. These smoke plumes also drifted to Finland over 1000 km away from the fires. The smoke plumes were detected in Kuopio (Eastern Finland) with a…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire case histories, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, remote sensing, Finland, Russia, Europe, fire management, smoke management, biomass burning emissions, remote sensing, aerosols
Wildland fire base camps commonly house thousands of support personnel for weeks at a time. The selection of the location of these base camps is largely a strategic decision that incorporates many factors, one of which is the potential impact of biomass smoke from the nearby…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: fire case histories, fire suppression, firefighting personnel, human caused fires, lightning caused fires, recreation related fires, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, particulates, pollution, Oregon, Washington, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air quality, PM2.5, wildland fire
The main purpose of this work is to estimate the impact of forest fires on air pollution applying the LOTOS-EUROS air quality modeling system in Portugal for three consecutive years, 2003-2005. Forest fire emissions have been included in the modeling system through the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire case histories, fire intensity, fire size, season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, ozone, particulates, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management, forest fire, atmospheric emissions, air quality modeling, particulate matter, ozone
While the mortality impacts of urban air pollution have been well addressed in the literature, very little is known about the mortality impacts and associated social cost from wildfire-smoke exposure (Kochi et al., 2010; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004). In an attempt…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Economics, Social Science
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire case histories, fire size, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, mortality, particulates, pollution, southern California, fire management, smoke management, 2003 southern California wildfires, mortality impact, social cost, air pollution, value of statistical life
Rapid decline and degradation of longleaf pine ecosystems in the southeastern United States are conservation concerns. Prescribed fire is the primary management activity in this fire-dependent ecosystem, but prescribed fire is under increasing scrutiny, primarily due to air…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire dependent species, fire frequency, air quality, cavity nesting birds, ground cover, herbicides, predation, reptiles, small mammals, threatened and endangered species (animals), Aristida stricta, wiregrass, Gopherus polyphemus, gopher tortoise, Peromyscus gossypinus, cotton mouse, Picoides borealis, red-cockaded woodpecker, Pinus palustris, longleaf pine, Sigmodon hispidus, cotton rat, Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia, fire management, forest management, wildlife management, pine forests, capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods, longleaf pine management, herbicide application, herbicide-fire combination, survival rate
The Global Fire Assimilation System (GFASv1.0) calculates biomass burning emissions by assimilating Fire Radiative Power (FRP) observations from the MODIS instruments onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. It corrects for gaps in the observations, which are mostly due to cloud…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, aerosols, air quality, remote sensing, statistical analysis, fire management
Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This adverse health effect is suggested to be mediated by inflammatory processes. The purpose of this study was to determine if low levels of particulate matter,…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, health factors, diseases, particulates, pollution, Finland, Europe, fire management, smoke management, air pollution, inflammation, ischemic heart disease, personal exposure, wildfires
Large forest fires are a known natural and dominant disturbance factor in high northern latitudes, and form pyrocumulus (pyroCu), and occasionally pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) clouds. These clouds can transport emissions into the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS) and…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Models, Climate
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire size, wildfires, radiation, remote sensing, Saskatchewan, Canada, fire management, smoke management, remote sensing, pyrocumulus, clouds, fires, biomass burning, radiometer, Monte Carlo, three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer, dffusion approximations, airborne
We studied the effect of heat shock and wood-fueled smoke on the emergence of native and exotic plant species in soil samples obtained in an evergreen matorral of central Chile that has been free of fire for decades. It is located on the eastern foothills of the Andes Range in…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire exclusion, heat effects, lightning caused fires, smoke effects, wildfires, herbaceous vegetation, invasive species, native species (plants), seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Chile, South America, fire management, forest management, smoke management, central chile, exotic herb, heat shock
Particle size distribution from forest biomass combustion is an important parameter as it affects air quality, global climate and human health. There have been several studies that relate emission of 2.5-10 µm particulates and their effects on human health. The objective of this…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, climate change, health factors, particulates, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, smoke management, ultra-fine particulate matter, real-time sampling, Amazon forest fires
In this study we compare airborne radionuclide concentrations during prescribed burns at the Savannah River Site (SRS) and a sample of forests in the Southeastern United States. The spatial trends of airborne radionuclide concentrations from prescribed burn areas at SRS are also…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, particulates, sampling, South Carolina, fire management, forest management, total suspended particulates, radionuclides, spatial analysis
Smoke or heat from fire can act as a cue that affects seed germination. We examined germination responses of 10 plant species (six forbs, two shrubs, two grasses) native to the southern High Plains in the United States, to smoke, heat, and their interaction in a laboratory…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: heat effects, laboratory fires, smoke effects, wildfires, forbs, grasses, seed germination, shrubs, statistical analysis, Astragalus, Coreopsis, Digitaria ciliaris, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Monarda citriodora, Panicum virgatum, Prosopis glandulosa, Salvia, Solanum elaegnifolium, New Mexico, Texas, fire management, range management, smoke management, grasslands, prairies, fire cues, germination, heat, southern High Plains
Soil is an important reservoir of PCDD/PCDF, which can be released when environmental conditions change. Fire is an extreme event that can increase the surface temperatures of soil substantially, yet little is known of the role soil plays in the emission of PCDD/PCDF. Soil…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, pollution, soil nutrients, soil temperature, volatilization, New South Wales, Australia, fire management, soil management, forest fire, bushfire, emission factors, dioxins
Emission factors for PCDD/PCDF determined from open combustion are used to estimate national emission budgets; therefore, it is important to have confidence in their accuracy. It has been suspected that artefacts may form due to the presence of hot metal surfaces of sampling…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, wildfires, air quality, litter, pollution, New South Wales, Australia, fire management, forest edges, hardwood forests, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, persistent organic pollutants, bushfires, forest fires, biomass burning
Wind erosion and large dust plumes are an increasingly important attribute in cold-desert rangelands, particularly as wildfire increases. Fire reduces vegetation, which increases erosivity. Whether sediment supply increases after fire has not been determined in this environment…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: fire frequency, post fire recovery, wildfires, dust, erosion, microclimate, sedimentation, shrubs, wind, Artemisia tridentata, big sagebrush, Bromus tectorum, cheatgrass, Idaho, fire management, range management, rangeland fires
This work presents the results of a photochemical modelling system composed of MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ on Brazilian Amazonia area, been a pioneered implementation task. These results focus on the biogenic and biomass burning emissions and the impact of these emissions on regional air…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, Brazil, South America, smoke management, Amazonia photochemical air quality, SMOKE emissions processing, CMAQ forecasting, Brazil, air pollution, SMOKE-CMAQ models, dispersion modelling, anthropogenic emissions, biomass burning, biogenic emissions