Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 151 - 175 of 310
Short-term exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the exposed population, and these same patterns have been noted during wildland fire episodes. Since the scale and frequency of wildfires are expected to increase…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, public health, toxicity, aerosols
Part of the Alaska Fire Science Consortium workshop, the presentation gave a report on the effects of a fire season on fire fighters.
Person: Coker
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: firefighter safety, lipids, adipose tissue, fitness, stressors, skeletal muscle
Fires play an important role in the terrestrial biosphere carbon cycle, not only through direct carbon release but also contributing to a potential long‐term storage as pyrogenic carbon (PyC). PyC is formed through fires, and, because it may resist further biological and…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: carbon cycle, CO2 - carbon dioxide, carbon sinks, PyC - pyrogenic carbon
October 9th, 2018. Part of the Alaska Fire Science Consortium workshop, the presentation introduced the project on carbon cost analysis and feedback.
Person: Rogers, Phillips
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: carbon emissions, climate change, climate feedbacks, fire suppression
Wildfires inject large amounts of black carbon (BC) particles into the atmosphere, which can reach the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) and cause strong radiative forcing. During a 14-month period of observations on board a passenger aircraft flying between Europe and North America…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: black carbon, biomass burning, climate change, high altitude, aerosol mixing state
In response to a strong El Niño, fires in Indonesia during September and October 2015 released a large amount of carbon dioxide and created a massive regional smoke cloud that severely degraded air quality in many urban centers across Southeast Asia. Although several lines of…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: tropical peatlands, global carbon cycle, human health, isotopes, land cover change, El Niño, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Sumatra, Borneo, Singapore
The National Association of State Foresters (NASF) and the Coalition of Prescribed Fire Councils (CPFC) worked collaboratively to produce the 2018 National Prescribed Fire Use Survey Report. Since 2012, this report has been compiled every three years, and is unique among fire…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire survey, fire policy, fire use
The extensible Biomass Smoke Validated Events Database is an ongoing, community driven, collection of air pollution events which are known to be caused by vegetation fires such as bushfires (also known as wildfire and wildland fires), or prescribed fuel reduction burns, and wood…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, health impacts, bushfire, dust, air pollution
Prescribed fire is an essential management tool for restoring and maintaining fire-dependent ecosystems; however, land managers are unable to apply prescribed fire at the necessary levels. Past surveys have identified a range of policies and regulations that managers say limit…
Person: Schultz, Huber-Stearns
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: policy, BLM - Bureau of Land Management, US Forest Service, JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, air quality, forest management, fire management
Millions of acres of fuels reduction treatments are being implemented each year in the fire adapted forests of the US. Typical these fuel reduction treatments target small diameter trees for removal producing large amounts of unmerchantable woody material and elevating surface…
Person: Evans
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest, Southwest
Keywords: burn piles, fuel treatment, slash, fuel moisture, burning, decomposition, compaction, decay rate, flame height, soil heating, fuel consumption
The Alabama Smoke Management Program (SMP) utilizes a basic framework of requirements and procedures for managing smoke from fires managed for resource benefits developed by the State of Alabama with the cooperation and participation of land owners and managers. Historically,…
Person:
Year: 2001
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords:
Wildfires and prescribed fires produce emissions that degrade visibility and are harmful to human health. Smoke emissions and exposure monitoring is critical for public and environmental health protection; however, ground-level measurements of smoke from wildfires and prescribed…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, OAS - Outdoor Aerosol Sampler, wildfires, UPAS - Ultrasonic Personal Aerosol Sampler
This paper presents a weighted least squares approach to retrieve aerosol layer height from top-of-atmosphere reflectance measurements in the oxygen A band (758–770 nm) over bright surfaces. A property of the measurement error covariance matrix is discussed, due to which photons…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosol, aerosol layer, WNLS - weighted nonlinear least squared regression, wildfires, plume, GOME - Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment, O3 - ozone
The dispersion of particles from wildfires, volcanic eruptions, dust storms, and other aerosol sources can affect many environmental factors downwind, including air quality. Aerosol injection height is one source attribute that mediates downwind dispersion, as wind speed and…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: injection height, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, plume dispersion, MISR - Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer, wildfires, volcanic eruption
The Arctic is warming at an alarming rate, yet the processes that contribute to the enhanced warming are not well understood. Arctic aerosols have been targeted in studies for decades due to their consequential impacts on the energy budget, both directly and indirectly through…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, aerosols, North Slope of Alaska, oil, wildfires
Australia commonly experiences extensive wildfires, mostly during its hot dry summers. These often lead to a significant loss of life and property. The October 2013 Blue Mountains Fire burnt through more than 100,000 hectares and generated a large amount of fire dust that was…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Australia, wildfire, PM2.5, PM10, PM - particulate matter, O3 - ozone, NO - nitrogen oxide, SO - sulpher oxide, air pollution
We investigated the gas-phase chemical composition of biomass burning (BB) emissions and their role in aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) formation through photochemical cloud processing. A high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer using iodide…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: organic aerosols, biomass burning
Wildfires are expected to become more frequent and intensive at the global scale due to climate change. Many studies have focused on the loss of mercury (Hg) from burned forests; however, little is known about the origins, concentration, reactivity, and bioavailability of Hg in…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: ash, Hg - mercury, fire intensity
Background: The frequency and intensity of wildfires is anticipated to increase as climate change creates longer, warmer, and drier seasons. Particulate matter (PM) from wildfire smoke has been linked to adverse respiratory and possibly cardiovascular outcomes. Children, older…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: smoke exposure, San Diego County, AQI - Air Quality Index, PM - particulate matter, hospitalizations, respiratory illness, asthma, PM2.5
Background: The public health community readily recognizes flooding and wildfires as climate-related health hazards, but few studies quantify changes in risk of exposure, particularly for vulnerable children and older adults. Objectives: This study quantifies future populations…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, flooding, public health, health hazards, CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
The western United States has experienced increasing wildfire activities, which have negative effects on human health. Epidemiological studies on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfires are limited by the lack of accurate high‐resolution PM2.5 exposure data over fire days…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, Colorado, AOD - aerosol optical depth, Bayesian, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, MAIAC - Multi‐angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction
Intense heating by wildfires can generate deep, smoke-infused thunderstorms, known as pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb), which can release a large quantity of smoke particles above jet aircraft cruising altitudes. Injections of pyroCb smoke into the lower stratosphere have gained…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Weather
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: thunderstorms, pyrocumulonimbus, plumes, aerosol particles, stratospheric intrusions, smoke transport, residence time
Implementing prescribed fire is a complex process that requires the coordination of many different agencies. Prior to implementing a prescribed burn, the trade-offs and benefits (such as smoke) are carefully assessed and planned. Clear objectives, specific desired outcomes,…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: prescribed fire objectives, fire management
From the Alaska Climate Change Adaption Series.
Wildfires are a natural part of the boreal ecosystem. Wildfires help maintain vegetation diversity, providing suitable habitats for wildlife, but wildfires can also present a threat to human values. Alaska has seen the frequency of…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: Alaska wildfires, climate, boreal forest, carbon emissions, tundra ecosystem
Exposure to wildfire smoke averaged over 24-hour periods has been associated with a wide range of acute cardiopulmonary events, but little is known about the effects of sub-daily exposures immediately preceding these events. One challenge for studying sub-daily effects is the…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: fine particulate matter, British Columbia, Canada, air quality, wildfires, smoke exposure, PM - particulate matter