Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 76
Unusually high levels of
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, biomass, biomass burning, broadcast burning, cropland fires, Europe, fire management, forest management, pollen, pollution, remote sensing, Russia, statistical analysis, United Kingdom, wildfires, wind, atmospheric dispersion modelling, forest fires, long-range transport, pollution
This study investigated particle size distributions from the burning of several grass species, under controlled laboratory conditions, and also in the field, conducted during the dry season in the Northern Territory, Australia. The laboratory study simulated conditions such as…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: Aristida, Australia, biomass, biomass burning, distribution, field experimental fires, fire intensity, fire management, grass fires, grasses, grasslands, laboratory fires, litter, national parks, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, range management, savannas, season of fire, statistical analysis, biomass burning, particle size distribution, Northern Territory of Australia, airborne measurement, vertical profile
There is limited understanding of how fire-related cues such as heat shock and smoke can combine to affect the germination response of seeds from fire-prone vegetation because combinations of multiple levels of both cues have rarely been investigated. Germination response…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Australia, fire management, germination, heat, heat effects, New South Wales, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, smoke management, temperature, aerosol smoke, germination, heat shock, soil seed bank
Vegetation fires emit a number of air pollutants, thus impacting air quality at local, regional and global scales. One such pollutant is the particulate matter (PM) that is known to trigger adverse health effects. In this study, the CALPUFF/CALMET/MM5 modeling system is employed…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: agriculture, air quality, Arizona, Colorado, cropland fires, fire management, fire size, firing techniques, fuel loading, fuel moisture, Mexico, particulates, pollution, range management, rate of spread, remote sensing, wind, agricultural fire, PM - particulate matter, plume dispersion, CALPUFF, CALMET, MM5
Fire is one of the key disturbances affecting trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest ecosystems within western Canadian wildlands, including Elk Island National Park in central Alberta, Canada. Although prescribed fire is a tool available to modify aspen forests, a…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Alberta, Canada, combustion, coniferous forests, disturbance, droughts, duff, ecosystem dynamics, experimental fires, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, fuel moisture, ground fires, ignition, moisture, national parks, plant communities, plant growth, Populus, Populus tremuloides, rate of spread, sampling, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, FWI - Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System, ground fire, subsurface fire
The re-ignition potential of partially burnt wood-based embers was investigated theoretically by studying their extinction characteristics. An adaptation of Semenov's thermal explosion theory was used in conjunction with a linear stability analysis to determine the critical…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: adaptation, Araucaria cunninghami, Australia, brush fires, char, combustion, Eucalyptus maculata, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, firebrands, heat, ignition, particulates, Pinus radiata, rate of spread, statistical analysis, temperature, wildfires, wind, wood, flame spread, mathematical modelling
The Southwest of Western Australia is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. In the jarrah forest there are at least 300-400 plant species in vegetation that is typically mined and as many as 1163 species per 0.1 ha. Hence, restoring the plant species to post-mining areas is…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: Allocasuarina fraseriana, Australia, Banksia littoralis, Corymbia, Eucalyptus marginata, forest management, Hakea, heat, jarrah, Melaleuca, mining, orchids, population density, resprouting, sclerophyll forests, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, species diversity (plants), succession, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, western Australia, wildfires, bauxite mining, species composition, species richness, vegetation, western Australia
The present paper reviews a long-term fire experiment in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, established in 1954 to support fire management. The paper's goals are: (1) to assess learning, with a focus on relevance for fire management; (2) to examine how findings influenced…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, ecosystem dynamics, experimental areas, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, forest management, herbaceous vegetation, insects, mammals, mortality, mosaic, mycorrhiza, national parks, N - nitrogen, physiology, precipitation, range management, savannas, season of fire, small mammals, soil nutrients, soils, South Africa, vegetation surveys, woody plants, elephants, fire season, Kruger National Park
Fire is a frequent perturbation in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, altering soil organic matter turnover. In a Mediterranean shrubland subjected to experimental fire, soil CO2 emissions were measured over an annual cycle in burned and unburned sites using static chambers. Some…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Arbutus unedo, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, ecosystem dynamics, Europe, experimental areas, fire management, Italy, Mediterranean habitats, Myrtus communis, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, organic matter, pH, Phillyrea, Pistacia lentiscus, post-fire recovery, Quercus ilex, range management, shrublands, soil management, soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil temperature, statistical analysis, temperature, water, water uptake, experimental fire, metabolic quotient, priming effect, soil organic matter mineralization, soil water content, Mediterranean shrublands
Throughout Australia's biogeographical history, the vegetation over most of the continent has experienced a long and complex evolutionary relationship with fire. Many of the vegetative forms that have evolved over time, and which are uniquely Australian, rely on fire to complete…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, ecosystem dynamics, fire control, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, germination, histories, introduced species, native species (plants), New South Wales, population density, range management, sampling, seed germination, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, species diversity (plants), temperature, urban habitats, vegetation surveys
This paper details some of the recent research findings concerning restoration needs of the Banksia woodland in Western Australia, including the importance of, and recent advances in, smoke-technology research. Research has enabled testing of a wide spectrum of restoration…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: aerosols, artificial regeneration, Australia, Banksia, coastal plain, erosion, fertilizers, fire frequency, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, fragmentation, germination, herbicides, litter, plant communities, plant growth, regeneration, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, soil management, soils, species diversity (plants), weeds, western Australia, wildfires, wind
The germination rate in the nursery of Pomaderris hamiltonii and P. kumeraho has been observed to be low. Poor germination for a number of species can be due to a range of seed dormancy mechanisms. Five different dormancy-breaking treatments were trialled. Scarification using…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: artificial regeneration, germination, heat, heat effects, New Zealand, Pomaderris, rainforests, reproduction, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, water, Pomaderris hamiltonii, Pomaderris kumeraho, pale-flowered kumarahou, Rhamnaceae, dormancy, germination, scarification, sulphuric acid, heat, boiling water
Fire plays a critical role in breaking hard-seeded dormancy and establishing seedlings of several Acacia species in arid and semi-arid regions. Numerous studies have reported an increase in seedling densities of some Acacias after fire without identifying the exact cause.…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Acacia spp., Australia, fire management, germination, heat, light, population density, post fire recovery, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, post fire, seedling emergence, stimulation
The butenolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one (1), has recently been identified as the germination stimulant present in smoke that promotes the germination of seeds from a wide range of plant species. In this paper, we describe the preparation of a number of analogues of 1…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Asteraceae, Australia, chemical compounds, Emmenanthe penduliflora, germination, Lactuca, Lactuca sativa, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, Solanum, butenolide, seed germination, seed dormancy, germination stimulant
Though observations on re-colonisation of post-fire sites in the Mediterranean Basin are plentiful, there still is an ongoing debate on the interrelation of fire regimes and species traits related to fire adaptation. Most of the studies found are restricted to particular species…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: adaptation, char, crown fires, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, Europe, evolution, fire adaptations (plants), fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, forest management, fuel types, land use, light, Mediterranean habitats, post fire recovery, regeneration, resprouting, season of fire, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seed production, smoke effects, soils, surface fires, adaptive trait, disturbance history, evolution, facultative resprouter, pyrophytic, resilience, resprouter, seeder
The main purpose of this paper is to present a fire behaviour system, developed to estimate fire progression, smoke dispersion and visibility impairment, at a local scale, and to evaluate its performance by comparing results with measurements from the Gestosa 2004 experimental…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Europe, fire growth, fire management, fire size, particulates, pollution, Portugal, rate of spread, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, topography, wildfires
Aim Globally, most landscape burning occurs in the tropical savanna biome, where fire is a characteristic of the annual dry season. In northern Australia there is uncertainty about how the frequency and timing of dry season fires have changed in the transition from Aboriginal to…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: aborigines, air quality, Australia, biomass, broadcast burning, disturbance, fire frequency, fire management, land management, Northern Territory of Australia, particulates, pollution, presettlement fires, savannas, season of fire, tropical regions, Aboriginal fire management, air pollution, airport visibility, Australian summer monsoon, biomass burning, deep moist convection, historical ecology, Tropical Savanna
There is some evidence that the initiation of warm rain is suppressed in clouds over regions with vegetation fires. Thus, the ice phase becomes important as another possibility to initiate precipitation. Numerical simulations were performed to investigate heterogeneous drop…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, broadcast burning, Europe, fire management, Germany, moisture, particulates, precipitation, soil management, statistical analysis, biomass burning, heterogeneous drop freezing, ice nuclei, mixed-phase cloud
We tested the applicability of the recently identified major germination cue from smoke (a butenolide 3-methyl-2Hfuro[2,3-c]pyran-2-one) on 18 weed species from non-fire prone environments. For the study species we compared the relative effectiveness of alternating temperatures…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, chemical compounds, combustion, germination, plant growth, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, South Africa, temperature, water, weeds, arable weed, butenolide, germination, seed
The Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) focuses on new literature on the scientific, technological, environmental, economic and social aspects of mitigation of climate change, published since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) and the…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, mitigation, greenhouse gas, policy
The control of wildfires in forested areas may not always be a desirable objective since certain benefits can result that are important enough to warrant prescribed burning in some cases. Included in these benefits is the control of harmful insects and plant diseases and of…
Person:
Year: 1972
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Southern, International
Keywords: Alberta, arthropods, Canada, Coleoptera, coniferous forests, Dendroctonus, Diptera, diseases, ecosystem dynamics, Florida, forest management, habits and behavior, heat, heat effects, humus, insects, Melanophila, Odonata, Pantala flavescens, Picea, pine forests, plant diseases, smoke effects, species diversity, temperature, trees, wildfires, wood
The development of the smoke cloud from a summer wildfire in a forest area was studied on a radar screen. In conjunction with photographs taken at the same time, it has been possible to follow the variations in height of both the top and bottom of the smoke column as it was…
Person:
Year: 1972
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, chemistry, droughts, fire case histories, fire danger rating, fire management, fire suppression, fuel accumulation, hardwood forests, national parks, photography, pine forests, rate of spread, smoke behavior, smoke management, spot fires, telemetry, topography, Victoria, wildfires, wind
Throughout the winter months, the village of Roveredo, Switzerland, frequently experiences strong temperature inversions that contribute to elevated levels of particulate matter. Wood is used as fuel for 75% of the domestic heating installations in Roveredo, which makes it a…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Switzerland, organic aerosols, wood burning emissions
In a burn of 5-year-old secondary forest cleared for agriculture in Roraima, Brazil, carbon partitioning was measured for above-ground portions of both secondary forest (regrowth) and the remains of original forest, felled and burned six years previously. Above-ground dry weight…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: charcoal, agriculture, deforestation, global warming, Brazil, biomass burning, greenhouse gas, secondary forests, carbon dioxide, axis, biomass, broadcast burning, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, cutting, diameter classes, fire management, forest management, climate change, litter, palms, post-fire recovery, sampling, second growth forests, tropical forest, vines
The current paper analysis the potential for prescribed burning techniques for mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from forest fires and attempts to show quantitatively that it can be a means of achieving a net reduction of carbon emissions in the context of the Kyoto…
Person:
Year: 2007
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management, carbon dioxide emissions, Europe, Kyoto Protocol, mitigation