Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 359
A wildfire smoke detection system using unmanned aerial vehicle images based on the optimized YOLOv5
Wildfire is one of the most significant dangers and the most serious natural catastrophe, endangering forest resources, animal life, and the human economy. Recent years have witnessed a rise in wildfire incidents. The two main factors are persistent human interference with the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfire detection, forest fire, UAV - unmanned aerial vehicles, drone images, YOLOv5, deep learning, CNN - convolution neural network, smoke detection
PurpleAir particulate matter (PM) sensors are increasingly used in the United States and other countries for real-time air quality information, particularly during wildfire smoke episodes. Uncorrected PurpleAir data can be biased and may exhibit a nonlinear response at extreme…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air sensors, PurpleAir, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, AQI - Air Quality Index, error correction, evaluation, wildfire
Background
Smoke from wildfires is a growing public health risk due to the enormous amount of smoke-related pollution that is produced and can travel thousands of kilometers from its source. While many studies have documented the physical health harms of wildfire smoke, less is…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, landscape fire, bushfire, haze, mental health, well-being, scoping review
Objective
This study aimed to establish the prevalence and to identify predictors of insomnia, nightmares and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in wildfire survivors.
Method
A total of 126 (23 males, 102 females, and 1 nonbinary individual, Mage = 52 years, SD = 14.4)…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: sleep disturbance, wildfire survivors, PTSD - post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, nightmares
To collect partner and employee input on the Wildfire Crisis Strategy 10-year Implementation Plan, the Forest Service and National Forest Foundation hosted a series of roundtable discussions in the winter and spring of 2022. Individual roundtables were focused on each of the…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: climate change, fire-adapted communities, fireshed, forest health, fuel treatment, ignition, land management, National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (Cohesive Strategy), resilience, wildfires, Wildfire Crisis Strategy, trusted communicators, shared stewardship, equity, ITEK - Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Cairpol and Aeroqual air quality sensors measuring CO, CO2, NO2, and other species were tested on fresh biomass burning plumes in field and laboratory environments. We evaluated the sensors by comparing 1 min sensor measurements to collocated reference instrument measurements.…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: sensors, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, NO2 - nitrogen dioxide, wildland fire, wildfire, biomass burning, Cairpol, Aeroqual, air quality
This open access book synthesizes current information on wildland fire smoke in the United States, providing a scientific foundation for addressing the production of smoke from wildland fires. This will be increasingly critical as smoke exposure and degraded air quality are…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfire, policy, quality of life, natural resource management, environment and people
Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, inverse modeling, airborne lidar, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, plume rise, WRF-Chem
Deep-learning (DL)-based object detection algorithms can greatly benefit the community at large in fighting fires, advancing climate intelligence, and reducing health complications caused by hazardous smoke particles. Existing DL-based techniques, which are mostly based on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildfire, incipient stage, smoke density, detection, deep learning, computer vision, encoder–decoder Transformer, direct set prediction, attention mechanism, benchmarks, Nemo - Nevada Smoke detection benchmark
Previous research on the health and air quality impacts of wildfire smoke has largely focused on the impact of smoke on outdoor air quality; however, many people spend a majority of their time indoors. The quality of indoor air on smoke-impacted days is largely unknown. In this…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, wildfire, air quality, indoor air quality, socioeconomics
Pollution from wildfires constitutes a growing source of poor air quality globally. To protect health, governments largely rely on citizens to limit their own wildfire smoke exposures, but the effectiveness of this strategy is hard to observe. Using data from private pollution…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: smoke exposure, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, air quality, public response, Google search, socio-economic factors, public health
Increasing wildfire size and severity across the western United States has created an environmental and social crisis that must be approached from a transdisciplinary perspective. This presentation will summarize a recently published article in Current Environmental Health…
Person: Smith, D’Evelyn
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke exposure, forest management, fire management, human health, environmental justice, smoke impacts, wildfire preparedness, air pollution, health impacts, respiratory effects, cardiovascular effects, adaptive capacity, partnerships, integrated management, collaborative partnerships, Indigenous Peoples, social equity
At a fundamental level, smoke from wildland fire is of scientific concern because of its potential adverse effects on human health and social well-being. Although many impacts (e.g., evacuations, property loss) occur primarily in proximity to the actual fire, smoke can end up…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: human health, health effects, economic impacts, firefighter exposure, risk communication, social acceptability
Fires and their associated carbon and air pollutant emissions have a broad range of environmental and societal impacts, including negative effects on human health, damage to terrestrial ecosystems, and indirect effects that promote climate change. Previous studies investigated…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfire, climate change, biomass, change, economic development, 21st Century
The behaviour of wildland fires and the dispersion of smoke from those fires can be strongly influenced by atmospheric turbulent flow. The science to support that assertion has developed and evolved over the past 100+ years, with contributions from laboratory and field…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: atmospheric turbulence, measurements, plumes, smoke dispersion, synthesis, vortices, wildland fires, wildfires
Space-borne observations are used to characterize the fate of formaldehyde and glyoxal in wildfire plumes. Their distribution measured by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument reveals striking differences between the two compounds near intense fires. In typical situations, the…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: glyoxal, atmosphere, wildfires, pyrocumulonimbus, formaldehyde, satellite measurements
The SCIENCEx webinar series brings together scientists and land management experts from across U.S. Forest Service research stations and beyond to explore the latest science and best practices for addressing large natural resource challenges across the country. These webinars…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Social Science, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords:
[from the text] For millennia, Indigenous communities managed forests in the American West with fire to produce a range of environmental and cultural benefits. This long history of cultural burning combined with frequent lightning produced fire-adapted forests, woodlands, and…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: forest resilience, community protection, environmental conservation, risk reduction, private lands, public benefits, liability, forest health, permitting, air quality
An algorithm for retrieving nighttime aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day-Night Band (DNB) observations of reflected moonlight is presented for rural areas during the western U.S. fire seasons. The algorithm uses the UNified…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: AOD - aerosol optical depth, retrieval, algorithms, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, DNB - day-night band, moonlight observation, smoke transport, diurnal cycle, rural, air quality
Background
To reduce the negative health effects from wildfire smoke exposure, effective risk and health communication strategies are vital. We estimated the behavioral effects from changes in message framing and messenger in public health messages about wildfire smoke on…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: public service announcements, public health, human behavior, social media, Facebook, health impacts
The NOAA/NASA FIREX-AQ (Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality) experiment was a multi-agency, inter-disciplinary research effort to: (1) obtain detailed measurements of trace gas and aerosol emissions from wildfires and prescribed fires using aircraft…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FIREX‐AQ - Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality, air quality, remote sensing
Since 1998, the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) has provided funding and science delivery for scientific studies associated with managing wildland fire, fuels, and fire-impacted ecosystems to respond to emerging needs of managers, practitioners, and policymakers from local to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program
Brown carbon (BrC) associated with aerosol particles in western United States wildfires was measured between July and August 2019 aboard the NASA DC-8 research aircraft during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) study. Two BrC…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, brown carbon, PAS - Photoacoustic Aerosol Absorption Spectrometer, aerosol, FIREX‐AQ - Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality
Abstract. Light absorbing organic carbon, or brown carbon (BrC), can be a significant contributor to the visible light absorption budget. However, the sources of BrC and the contributions of BrC to light absorption are not well understood. Biomass burning is thought to be a…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: C - carbon, brown carbon, organic carbon, WE-CAN - Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen, carbon absorbtion, wildfires, PILS - Particle-into-Liquid Sampler, PAS - Photoacoustic Aerosol Absorption Spectrometer
We analyzed NO2 and O3 data from 32 U.S. non-attainment areas (NAAs) for 1995–2020. Since 1995, all regions have shown steady reductions in NO2 and the weekend-weekday pattern indicates that the O3 production regime in most NAAs has transitioned to a NOx-limited regime, while a…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: O3 - ozone, NO - nitrogen oxide, NOx, wildfires, COVID-19, air quality, non-attainment area