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Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 151 - 175 of 234
Globally, wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity, exposing populations to toxic trace elements stored within forests. Trace element and Pb isotope compositions in aerosols (n = 87) from four major wildfires near Sydney, Australia (1994-2004) were evaluated (Mood’s…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, lead, particles, legacy, metals, contaminants, public health
Background: Emergency services working to protect communities from harm during wildfires aim to provide regular public advisories on the hazards from fire and smoke. However, there are few studies evaluating the success of public health communications regarding the management of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, wildfire, bushfire, public health, social media, Australia
UC Davis research conducted shows that primates exposed to wildfire smoke during infancy experience adverse lung and immune system changes as adults, and their unexposed offspring also have impaired immune responses. Please join us for a research seminar to hear an update on…
Person: Miller
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, health effects, air pollution, respiratory health, climate change, smoke exposure, rhesus macaque monkey, long-term health effects, immune function, climate change
The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory has been operational since 2002, collecting solar absorption spectra from which atmospheric trace gas profiles and columns are retrieved. The time series of total columns of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, biomass burning, emission ratio, emission factor, FTIR - Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy , wildfires, plumes, CO - carbon monoxide, FLEXPART, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, GEOS-Chem
Vegetation fires play an important role in global and regional carbon cycles. Due to climate warming and land‐use shifts, fire patterns are changing and fire impacts increasing in many of the world’s regions. Reducing uncertainties in carbon budgeting calculations from fires is…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, charcoal, wildfires, carbon accounting, ash, vegetation fires
Fire emissions of gases and aerosols alter atmospheric composition and have substantial impacts on climate, ecosystem function, and human health. Warming climate and human expansion in fire‐prone landscapes exacerbate fire impacts and call for more effective management tools.…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: VPD - vapor pressure deficit, ocean climate indices, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, autoregression, statistical model, fire forecasting, emission prediction
In this paper, ambient total suspended particulates (TSP) with a focus on humic-like substances (HULIS) are characterized based on intensive ground-based field samplings collected in Malaysia during nonhaze and haze periods caused by peatland fires on the Indonesian island of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, peatland fires, HULIS - humic-like substances, WSOC - water soluble organic carbon, EEM - excitation emission matrix, Indonesia, Sumatra, Malaysia, TSP - total suspended particulate matter
In October 2017, hundreds of wildfires ravaged the forests of the north and centre of Portugal. The fires were fanned by strong winds as tropical storm Ophelia swept the Iberian coast, dragging up smoke (together with Saharan dust from north-western Africa) into higher western…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Portugal, PM10, wildfires, mortality, exposure assessment
The Arctic is experiencing record heat and wildfires are ramping up across the global north. New research shows northern forest fire frequency and severity are rapidly increasing, releasing large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere and worsening climate feedback loops. WHRC…
Person: Rogers, Natali, Frumhoff
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forests, 2020 fire season, climate change, fire frequency, fire severity, burned area, C - carbon, carbon release, air temperature, carbon emissions, wildfires, black carbon, human health, permafrost, fire management, carbon budget
Aerosol emissions from forest fires may impact cloud droplet activation through an increase in particle number concentrations (“the number effect”) and also through a decrease in the hygroscopicity κ of the entire aerosol population (“the hygroscopicity effect”) when fully…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: aerosols, aerosol-cloud interaction, aerosol activation, WRF-Chem, clouds, wildfires
Background:
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during wildfire seasons has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous studies have focused on daily exposure, but PM2.5 levels in smoke events can vary considerably within 1 d.
Objectives:
We aimed to assess…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, public health, Canada, British Columbia, smoke exposure, ambulance, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease
This webinar is part of NAFSE's Prescribed Fire Science Workshop Webinar Series and provides a broad overview of the process of writing a burn plan before implementing a prescribed fire (or prescribed burn; RxB). It was broadcast on August 13, 2020. This webinar was co-presented…
Person: Bailey, O'Brien
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: burn plans, prescribed fire burn plan, land management, fire plan, fire management, smoke management, burn boss
In the southern hemisphere summer of 2019–20, Australia experienced its most severe bushfire season on record. Smoke from fires affected 80% of the population, with large and prolonged exceedances of the Australian National Air Quality Standard for fine particulate matter (PM2.5…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Logistics, Planning, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Australia, smartphone app, digital technology, air quality, public health, AirRater, smoke exposure
Fire is used extensively in prairie grassland management in the Flint Hills region of the midwestern United States, particularly at the end of the dormant season (March-April). A model is used to manage grassland fires in the region to avoid deterioration of air quality beyond…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Kansas, air quality, Flint Hills, grasslands, UAS - Unmanned Aircraft System, grass biomass, tallgrass prairie, land management
Wildfires are disturbances that affect forest structure and dynamics. Forests and the atmosphere interact in different ways; one is by emitting carbon (C) through wildfires and recapturing it by photosynthesis of regrowing vegetation. Estimation of C emissions and uptake allows…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon loss, forest recovery, greenhouse gases, sequestered carbon, Patagonia, Argentina, Austrocedrus chilensis, cypress
As COVID-19 cases and wildland fire activity increase across the country, wildland fire personnel are looking for ways to quickly identify cases and prevent the spread of the disease on the fireline. The Southwest Fire Consortium will be hosting a webinar sharing information…
Person: Navarro, Piacentino, Viktora, Coil
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: COVID-19, public health, firefighter safety, coronavirus, guidance, disease control, air quality, smoke exposure, health screening, LLC - Lessons Learned Center
Fuels are highly variable and dynamic in space and time, and fuel loading can vary considerably even within fine spatial scales and within specific fuel types, such as downed wood or organic soils. Given this inherent variability in fuel loadings, it is not good practice to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: FCCS fuelbeds, fuel loading, emission estimates, fuel type, fuel layers, SEMIP - Smoke and Emissions Model Intercomparison Project, NAWFD - North American Wildland Fuels Database, LANDFIRE
A steady increase in wildfire event severity and season length has led to greater potential for exposure to fine particulate matter associated with wildfire smoke. Research has found fine particulate matter to be correlated with a myriad of health ailments and thus effective…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, indoor air quality, occupational exposure, Sidepak personal aerosol monitor, wildfire
Amazonian deforestation from slash‐and‐burn practices is a significant contributor to biomass burning within Brazil. Fires emit carbonaceous aerosols that negatively impact human health by increasing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. These negative effects on health…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: adjoint, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Amazon, Brazil, air quality, biomass, public health, aerosols, health impacts
Using observations and model simulations (ESM 4.1) during 1988–2018, we show large year‐to‐year variability in western U.S. PM2.5 pollution caused by regional and distant fires. Widespread wildfires, combined with stagnation, caused summer PM2.5 pollution in 2017 and 2018 to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: air quality, wildfires, fire emission uncertainty, drought, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5
Wildfires emit mixtures of light‐absorbing aerosols (including black and brown carbon, BC and BrC, respectively) and more purely‐scattering organic aerosol (OA). BC, BrC and OA interactions are complex and dynamic and evolve with aging in the atmosphere resulting in large…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: wildfire, aerosols, brown carbon, black carbon, absorption, enhancement, chemistry, Woodbury Fire, organic aerosols, fire plumes
Biomass burning releases a vast amount of aerosols into the atmosphere, often leading to severe air quality and health problems. Prediction of the air quality effects from biomass burning emissions is challenging due to uncertainties in fire emission, plume rise calculation, and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, biomass burning, satellite, remote sensing, Camp Fire, ensemble forecasts, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5
Grassland fires results in carbon emissions, which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance. The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22% of the total grassland area in China, and many fires occur in the area every year. However, there are…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon emissions, grassland fire, Inner Mongolia, China, spatio-temporal pattern, surface fuel load
Wildfires are a serious threat to ecosystems and human life. Usually, smoke is generated before the flame, and due to the diffusing nature of the smoke, we can detect smoke from a distance, so wildfire smoke detection is especially important for early warning systems. In this…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, smoke detection, semantic segmentation, natural scene, real-time detection, CNN - convolution neural network
The Wildland Fire Emissions Information System (WFEIS) designed by Michigan Tech (https://wfeis.mtri.org/) was used to estimate wildfire emissions and concentrations affecting populated areas across rural and urban Alaska. WFEIS is used by landscape, carbon, and air quality…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: air quality, WFEIS - Wildland Fire Emissions Information System, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, epidemiology, public health, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT)