Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 45
The following smoke management guidelines are recommendations. The guidelines are not inclusive of all smoke management techniques and are not meant to limit prescribed burning activities. Rather, these guidelines are intended as interim recommendations until such time as the U.…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords:
Wildfire emissions are challenging to measure and model, but simple and realistic estimates can benefit multiple disciplines. We evaluate the potential of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data to address this objective. A total of 11,004 fire pixels detected…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, British Columbia, Canada, fire danger rating, fire management, fire size, GIS - geographic information system, remote sensing, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, area burned, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, aerosol emissions
On the morning of 2 June 2002, an abandoned campfire grew into a wildfire in the Double Trouble State Park in east-central New Jersey, USA. The wildfire burned 526 ha (1300 acres) and forced the closure of the Garden State Parkway for several hours due to dense smoke. In…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: air temperature, backfires, dead fuels, evolution, fire case histories, fire control, fire damage (property), fire growth, fire management, fire size, fire suppression, fuel moisture, humidity, New Jersey, rate of spread, recreation related fires, state parks, statistical analysis, wildfires, wind, fire-weather forecasting, Double Trouble State Park, meteorological factors
A new dataset of emissions of trace gases and particles resulting from biomass burning has been developed for the historical and the recent period (1900-2005). The purpose of this work is to provide a consistent gridded emissions dataset of atmospheric chemical species from 1900…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, carbon dioxide, cover, ENSO, fire management, gases, mosaic, particulates, remote sensing, savannas, tropical forests, wildfires, climate change, gases, particles, biomass burning, burnt areas, historical, satellite
Long term, high quality estimates of burned area are needed for improving both prognostic and diagnostic fire emissions models and for assessing feedbacks between fire and the climate system. We developed global, monthly burned area estimates aggregated to 0.5º spatial…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, fire management, fire scar analysis, fire size, gases, remote sensing, statistical analysis, trees
The trend in global wildfire potential under the climate change due to the greenhouse effect is investigated. Fire potential is measured by the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI), which is calculated using the observed maximum temperature and precipitation and projected changes…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Africa, Asia, Australia, droughts, Europe, fire management, climate change, greenhouse gases, precipitation, season of fire, South America, temperature, wildfires, wildfire potential, KBDI - Keetch-Byram Drought Index, projection, fire potential
With the emergence of a new forest management paradigm based on the emulation of natural disturbance regimes, interest in fire-related studies has increased in the boreal forest management community. A key issue in this regard is the improvement of our understanding of the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models
Region(s): Alaska, Eastern, International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, air quality, disturbance, climate change, paleoecology, statistical analysis, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, carbon emissions, charcoal analysis, simulation model
From the text ... 'It may be that a new dialogue is needed between those who advocate education and social sciences investigations on fire and those who advocate air quality and health science concerned with fire smoke.'
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, education, fire management, forest management, fuel management, health factors, pollution, public information, smoke effects, smoke management, soils, wildfires
The Empress tree (Paulownia tomentosa Steud.) is a fast growing deciduous tree originating from East Asia. It is grown as an ornamental plant, but can also be used as industrial wood. However, in some parts of North America, this species is considered invasive, with high impact…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: deciduous forests, invasive species, light, Paulownia tomentosa, post fire recovery, resprouting, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, temperature, wood
From the text ... 'Only if the seed experiences an appropriate cue that informs it of a favourable current environment while (relatively) non-dormant will germination occur. Light confirms there has been some disturbance that has brought a buried seed to the surface, smoke that…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: disturbance, germination, light, nitrate, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, soil management, temperature, wildfires, dormancy, germination, light, nitrate, temperature
Successful prairie restoration will depend in part on convincing private landowners with agricultural and recreational use goals to implement appropriate rangeland management practices, such as prescribed burning and cattle grazing, to control invasive species and encroachment…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: agriculture, conservation, cropland fires, eastern redcedar, ecosystem dynamics, fire damage (property), fire management, forage, fragmentation, grasslands, grazing, herbicides, invasive species, Iowa, Juniperus, Juniperus virginiana, land management, liability, livestock, Missouri, prescribed fires (escaped), private lands, range management, soil erosion, species diversity (plants), tallgrass prairies, trees, watersheds, wildlife habitat management, woody plants, adaptive ecosystem management, biodiversity, grazing management, Juniperus virginiana, landowner attitudes, prairie restoration
From the text ... 'The Wildland Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS) is a new Web-based system designed to integrate science and technology in support of risk-informed decisionmaking for wildland fires. ... WFDSS replaces three past wildland fire decision analysis and…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Mapping, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, computer programs, fire management, GIS, particulates, smoke management, wildfires, wind
The economic costs of adverse health effects associated with exposure to wildfire smoke should be given serious consideration in determining the optimal wildfire management policy. Unfortunately, the literature in this research area is thin. In an effort to better understand the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, diseases, fire management, health factors, mortality, particulates, pollution, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, epidemiology studies, forest fires, health damage, non-market valuation, PM - particulate matter, literature review, non-market value, health risk, epidemiology
From the text ... 'As we move forward and as we put more prescribed fire across the nation, there are going to be things like smoke incidents, there will be accidents, there will be loss of structures. And, yes, there will even be loss of life. The future of prescribed fire…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire hazard reduction, education, health factors, public information, fire management, land management, smoke management
From the text ... 'Summary: Air quality regulations are getting more stringent. We need to be involved in writing those regulations. We must be experts on the impact of our emissions, and we must be leaders rather than followers. If a state starts to develop a prescribed burning…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, education, health factors, hydrocarbons, public information, fire management, forest management, smoke management
From the text ... 'Because fire was such an important historic disturbance and is a large component in understanding regional differences in emissions, it is analogous to an elephant in the closet. One can think of fire frequency as the elephant. That is, it is an issue that is…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire frequency, fuel accumulation, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, public information, fire management, smoke management
Land managers throughout the West pile and burn surface fuels to mitigate fire hazard in dry forests. Whereas piling was historically conducted with heavy machinery following commercial harvesting operations, land managers are increasingly prescribing the use of hand piling and…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: tool, biomass, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, hand-pile
How will climatic change and wildfire management policies affect public land management decisions concerning air quality through the 21st century? As global temperatures and populations increase and demands on natural resources intensify, managers must evaluate the trade-offs…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, fire management, wildfire, climate change, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team
We report the direct observation of laboratory production of spherical, carbonaceous particles-'tar balls'-from smoldering combustion of two commonly occurring dry mid-latitude fuels. Real-time measurements of spectrally varying absorption Ångström coefficients (AAC) indicate…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoldering combustion, tar balls, brown carbon
Faunal injury and mortality in wildland fires is a concern for wildlife and fire management although little work has been done on the mechanisms by which exposures cause their effects. In this paper, we use an integral plume model, field measurements, and models of carbon…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: bats, mixed-oak forest, Ohio, Kentucky, plume modelling, Myotis sodalis, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, combustion, fire injuries (humans), fire intensity, fire management, flame length, foliage, forage, habits and behavior, heat, heat effects, Indiana bat, mortality, Myotis spp., national forests, nesting, radiation, rate of spread, season of fire, small mammals, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, threatened and endangered species, toxicity, wildfires, wildlife, wildlife management, wind
Fuel and fire managers perform fuel treatments to manage and restore ecosystems and protect resources. In order to plan effective fuel treatments that accomplish objectives, managers need to analyze fuel conditions and document the expected fire behavior and fire effects both…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel treatments, FuelCalc, fuel management
The wildland-urban interface fire dynamics simulator (WFDS) extends the fire dynamics simulator (FDS), which has been developed for structural fires, to account for the presence of terrain and/or vegetation and the spread of fires through vegetation. This extension of FDS is…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: vegetation, fire spread, users guide, FDS - Fire Dynamics Simulator, WFDS - Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator
Particle size distribution from biomass combustion is an important parameter as it affects air quality, climate modelling and health effects. To date, particle size distributions reported from prior studies vary not only due to difference in fuels but also difference in…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: chaparral, oak, particle size, biomass burning, oak woodland, laboratory experiments, oak savanna, modified combustion action
The chemical processes of gas phase combustion in wildland fires are complex and occur at length-scales that are not resolved in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of landscape-scale wildland fire. A new approach for modelling fire chemistry in HIGRAD/FIRETEC (a landscape…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FIRETEC, gas phase combustion, chaparral, combustion, chemistry, coniferous forests, fire intensity, fire management, fuel accumulation, fuel management, fuel types, gases, grass fire, grasses, pine, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, range management, rate of spread, statistical analysis, temperature, wildfires, wind
This paper presents modeling methods for mapping fire hazard and fire risk using a research model called FIREHARM (FIRE Hazard and Risk Model) that computes common measures of fire behavior, fire danger, and fire effects to spatially portray fire hazard over space. FIREHARM can…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FIREHARM, fuel treatment prioritization, air quality, coniferous forests, crown fires, distribution, drought, fire danger rating, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, flame length, forest management, fuel management, fuel moisture, GIS - geographic information system, grasslands, LANDFIRE, moisture, montane forests, mortality, overstory, rate of spread, riparian habitats, scorch, season of fire, shrublands, smoke management, soil temperature, watersheds