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Displaying 51 - 75 of 143
This document provides a list of publications produced by the Rocky Mountain Research Station from April-June, 2011. It includes series publications, science perspectives, journal articles, and other publications. The topics covered include all aspects of forest management.
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Social Science
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: Forest Service, publications, research publications
The level of protection to fauna provided by tree cavities during wildland fires is not well understood. Here we present a model for estimating the transport of combustion gases into cylindrical, single-entrance cavities during exposures caused by different wildland fire…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: cavity trees, fauna, cavities, field experimental fires, fine fuels, fire dependent species, surface fires, wildfires, CO - carbon monoxide, cavity nesting birds, gases, litter, statistical analysis, threatened and endangered species, wind, Picoides borealis, red-cockaded woodpeckers, fire management, forest management, fuel management, wildlife habitat management, wildlife management
Fires in tropical forests release globally significant amounts of carbon to the atmosphere and may increase in importance as a result of climate change. Despite the striking impacts of fire on tropical ecosystems, the paucity of robust spatial models of forest fire still hampers…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, carbon emissions, Amazon, hot pixels, IPCC A2 scenario, REDD - Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries
Forest fires usually spread out of control very quickly. Fires that produce a lot of smoke are particularly challenging for the emergency services, because the source of the fire is then especially hard to find. A new radiometric sensor can pinpoint the heart of the flames, even…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire detection, radiometer
Alaskan forests used to be important players in Mother Nature's game plan for regulating carbon dioxide levels in the air. It's elementary earth science: Trees take up carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. But now, American and Canadian researchers report that climate change is…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: fire frequency, fire severity, carbon emissions, climate change, boreal forests, carbon sources
Fundamentals of Combustion Processes serves students as a textbook for an upper-division undergraduate and graduate level combustion course in mechanical engineering. The authors focus on fundamental theory of combustion and provide a simplified discussion of basic combustion…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: combustion, flames, chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, textbook
This document provides a list of publications produced by the Rocky Mountain Research Station from January-March, 2011. It includes series publications, science perspectives, journal articles, and other publications. The topics covered include all aspects of forest management.
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: US Forest Service, publications, research publications
Wildland fire is a natural force that has shaped most vegetation types of the world. However, its inappropriate management during the last century has led to more frequent and catastrophic fires. Wildland fires are also recognized as one of the sources of CO2 and other…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon dioxide emissions, Kyoto Protocol, Argentina, Patagonia, emissions mitigation, biomass growth
Fire in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) is not as rare as once believed. Andean TMCFs sit immediately below highly flammable, high-altitude grasslands (Puna/Páramo) that suffer from recurrent anthropogenic fire. This treeline is a zone of climatic tension where…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, carbon budget, peat soils, resprouting, Peru, montane cloud forests, Andes
Forest fires are can be fatal for firefighters owing to the phenomenon of eruptive fire. The hypothesis of this study is that biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) accumulate in the vicinity of the fire front. One of the factors required for an eruptive fire to take place…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: firefighter safety, France, blowup fires, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds, gas flow, fire case histories, blowup, fire damage (property), fire injuries (humans), fire intensity, fire size, firefighting personnel, flammability, fuel accumulation, rate of spread, wildfires, air temperature, gases, chemical compounds, hydrocarbons, mortality, black pine, statistical analysis, Cistus monspeliensis, maritime pine, Pinus laricio, Pinus pinaster, Corsica, fire management, forest management, fuel management
A wildfire emission model, based on the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System and the Canadian weather forecast Global Environmental Multiscale model, was applied to forest fires that occurred in Canada between 2000 and 2004. Emissions of 21 chemical species and…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, black carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, CO - carbon monoxide, air pollutants, fire hazard reduction, fire size, rate of spread, season of fire, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, climatology, greenhouse gases, pollution, statistical analysis, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, fuel management, boreal forests
Forests contain the world's largest terrestrial carbon stocks, but in seasonally dry environments stock stability can be compromised if burned by wildfire, emitting carbon back to the atmosphere. Treatments to reduce wildfire severity can reduce emissions, but with an immediate…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire management, fire severity, Sierra Nevada, tree mortality, carbon stock, carbon storage, fuels treatments, climate change mitigation
Fire influences carbon dynamics from local to global scales, but many uncertainties remain regarding the remote detection and simulation of heterogeneous fire effects. This study integrates Landsat-based remote sensing and Biome-BGC process modeling to simulate the effects of…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: disturbance, Landsat, net ecosystem production, Oregon, tree mortality, MTBS - Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, carbon modeling, Biome-BGC
Nighttime smoke dispersal from most prescribed fires is critical for public health and safety. For this reason, prescribed fire training and guidelines include detailed information about smoke management and remind burn managers to be constantly aware of weather, fuel, and other…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: situational awareness, smoke management, fog
We investigated how multiple fuel treatment types, organized in varying spatial arrangements, and at increasing proportions of a mixed-conifer forest in the Klamath Mountains of northern California (~20,000 ha) variably affect carbon sequestration and emissions over a 50 year…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: FVS - Forest Vegetation Simulator, carbon sequestration, carbon storage, fuel treatment, FFE-FVS - Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator, Klamath National Forest
Trees do not just die; there is always a primary cause, and often contributing factors. Trees need adequate quantities of water, heat, light, nutrients, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and other abiotic resources to sustain life, growth, and reproduction. When these factors are…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire regimes, air pollution, climate change, drought, wind, fire suppression effects
Large wildfire occurrence and burned area are modeled using hydroclimate and landsurface characteristics under a range of future climate and development scenarios. The range of uncertainty for future wildfire regimes is analyzed over two emissions pathways (the Special Report on…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire modeling, burned area, moisture deficit, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, flammability, fuel moisture, wildfires, air temperature, climate change, precipitation, fire management, forest management
The availability of integrated, quality-assured fuels, fire, and atmospheric data for development and evaluation of fuels, fire behavior, smoke, and fire effects models is limited. The lack of co-located, multi-scale measures of prefire fuels, active fire processes, and post-…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fire research, RxCADRE
On September 12, 1960, the brand new Northern Forest Fire Laboratory was dedicated in Missoula, MT. The fire lab's mission was-and is-to improve scientific understanding of wildland fire so it can be managed more safely and effectively in the field. The first scientists to work…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire research, knowledge, MFSL - Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, experimental fire, fire danger rating, fire models, fire regimes, flammability, fuel loading, fuel moisture, laboratory fires, smoke effects, wildfires, Montana, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, fire management planning, forest management, fuel management, smoke management
Boreal forests and peatlands in northern circumpolar areas, including Ontario, store globally significant amounts of carbon but are subject to forest fires and other natural disturbances that cycle carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Climate change…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, fire management, carbon sequestration, carbon storage, climate change, peatlands, boreal forests
To investigate spatial variations of CH4 concentration, d13CH4, and dD-CH4 over Alaska, aircraft observations were conducted during the summer of 2006. CH4 concentrations elevated above the background level were observed over areas with wetlands and wildfires, important sources…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wetlands, isotope ratios, CO - carbon monoxide, CH4 - methane, wildfire
Wildfires are a common experience in Alaska where, on average, 3,775 km2 burn annually. More than 90% of the area consumed occurs in Interior Alaska, where the summers are relatively warm and dry, and the vegetation consists predominantly of spruce, birch, and cottonwood.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfires, lightning-caused fires, PM - particulate matter, visibility, CO emissions, PDSI - Palmer Drought Severity Index, CDC - Canadian Drought Code
Studies indicate that, historically, terrestrial ecosystems of the northern high-latitude region may have been responsible for up to 60% of the global net land-based sink for atmospheric CO2. However, these regions have recently experienced remarkable modification of the major…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: carbon cycle, carbon dioxide sinks, climate change, high latitudes, boreal forest fires
We measured the emission factors for 19 trace gas species and particulate matter (PM2.5) from 14 prescribed fires in chaparral and oak savanna in the southwestern US, as well as conifer forest understory in the southeastern US and Sierra Nevada 5 mountains of California. These…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: chaparral, North Carolina, Arizona, monoterpenes, particles, AFTIR - airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, emission factors, trace gases, LaFTIR - land-base Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, temperate coniferous forest
Biomass burning emission inventories serve as critical input for atmospheric chemical transport models that are used to understand the role of biomass fires in the chemical composition of the atmosphere, air quality, and the climate system. Significant progress has been achieved…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: remote sensing, fuel maps, inventory, biomass burning, WFEI - Wildland Fire Emission Inventory, wildland fire emissions